DRUG ADDICTION OR DRUG DEPENDENCE?

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 912-912
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence

Valuation and analysis of drug addiction web sites / Criterios de valoración y análisis de sitios web sobre drogodependencias

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Carabantes Alarcón ◽  
Carmen García Carrión ◽  
Juan Vicente Beneit Montesinos
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Specific System ◽  
The Web

La calidad en Internet tiene un gran valor, y más aún cuando se trata de una página web sobre salud como es un recurso sobre drogodependencias. El presente artículo recoge los estimadores y sistemas más destacados sobre calidad web para el desarrollo de un sistema específico de valoración de la calidad de recursos web sobre drogodependencias. Se ha realizado una prueba de viabilidad mediante el análisis de las principales páginas web sobre este tema (n=60), recogiendo la valoración, desde el punto de vista del usuario, de la calidad de los recursos. Se han detectado aspectos de mejora en cuanto a la exactitud y fiabilidad de la información, autoría, y desarrollo de descripciones y valoraciones de los enlaces externos. AbstractThe quality in Internet has a great value, and still more when is a web page on health like a resource of drug dependence. This paper contains the estimators and systems on quality in the web for the development of a specific system to value the quality of a web site about drug dependence. A test of viability by means of the analysis of the main web pages has been made on this subject, gathering the valuation from the point of view of the user of the quality of the resources. Aspects of improvement as the exactitude and reliability of the information, responsibility, and development of descriptions and valuations of the external links have been detected.

scholarly journals LUNG DAMAGE IN PATIENTS WITH NARCOTIC DEPENDENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (68) ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Валерий Войцеховский ◽  
Valeriy Voytsekhovskiy ◽  
Наталья Коржова ◽  
Natalya Korzhova ◽  
Николай Гоборов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Bacterial Endocarditis ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Pulmonary Manifestations

Based on the literature data and our own observations, the features of the lung damage in patients with drug dependence have been studied. It was found out that the pulmonary manifestations of drug addiction are secondary, depend on the type of drug used and ways of drug administration. In most cases, pneumonia develops, characterized by an aggressive course, often complicated by the formation of destructive cavities, suppuration and empyema of the pleura, respiratory failure. Pneumonia is often a manifestation of sepsis (in most cases, injecting drug users) and is accompanied by other syndromes: bacterial endocarditis, renal, hepatic insufficiency, and other manifestations of multiple organ pathology. Interstitial pneumonia can develop with the development of pneumofibrosis, bullous pulmonary degeneration, granulomatous inflammation, pulmonary edema. In a number of cases (more often with inhalational drug use) toxic alveolitis may develop. The defeat of the lungs can be irreversible and lead to death. Three clinical observations from the personal practice of the authors are presented.

scholarly journals Changes in the Expression of DNA Methylation Related Genes in Leukocytes of Persons with Alcohol and Drug Dependence

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
M. Krasteva ◽  
Y. Koycheva ◽  
T. Taseva ◽  
S. Simeonova
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Relative Mrna Expression

AbstractBackground and objectives. Though numerous studies have shown that the dysregulation of the epigenetic control is involved in disease manifestation, limited data is available on the transcriptional activity of DNA methylation related genes in alcohol and drug addiction. With regard to this, in this study we analyzed the expression levels of genes involved in DNA methylation, including DNMT1, DNMT3a, MeCP2, MBD1, MBD2, MBD3 and MBD4, in blood samples of alcohol and drug dependent persons in comparison to healthy abstainers.Methods. The study included 51 participants: 16 persons with alcohol dependence, 17 persons with drug dependence and 18 clinically healthy controls. To detect the relative mRNA expression levels of the studied genes, Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was applied.Results. Of the seven studied genes, four showed altered expression. MeCP2 and MBD1 were downregulated in the alcohol dependent group (FC = 0.805, p = 0.015 and FC = 0.846, p = 0.034, respectively), while DNMT1 and MBD4 were upregulated in the group with drug dependence (FC = 1.262, p = 0.001 and FC = 1.249, p = 0.005, respectively). No statistically significant changes in the relative mRNA expression were found for DNMT3a, MBD2 and MBD3 genes.Conclusions. Our results are indicative for a role of DNA methylation related genes in alcohol and drug addiction mediated through changes in their transcriptional activity. Studies in this direction will enable better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of addictions supporting the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals EXISTENTIAL FULFILLMENT OF ALCOHOLICS AND DRUG ADDICTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
Ya.S. Suntsova
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Life Crisis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

The article is devoted to the study of existential fulfillment of people with alcohol and drug dependence. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the abuse of psychoactive substances and alcoholic beverages is an international problem. As a consequence of deep problems of the individual, drug addiction and alcoholism affect most areas of human life, destroying it, including its existential fulfillment, which acts as a focus of the individual to find the meaning of existence and build their own destiny. The purpose of the research was to study the existential fulfillment of people with drug and alcohol dependence. The Mann-Whitney U-test for independent samples was used to determine the differences in the expression of the indicators. During the study it was found that in the subjects (N = 60) with drug and alcohol dependence such components of existential fulfillment as meaning-life orientations and existentiality, have a low level of expression, the meaning-life crisis is highly expressed.

scholarly journals DRUG DEPENDENCE AND EMOTIONAL DYSREGULATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Javier Sánchez Alonso ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation

Introducción: La regulación emocional se ha relacionado con gran cantidad de trastornos mentales. Su definición ha tenido cierta controversia y distinciones según el autor. Se aportan dos modelos explicativos de la regulación emocional: el Modelo procesual de regulación emocional y el Modelo de regulación emocional basado en el procesamiento emocional. Asimismo, se explica la relación de esta habilidad con la población consumidora, y el estado actual de consumo en España. El objetivo de este estudio esestudiar la información científica más reciente, evaluar la utilidad de la regulación emocional para la prevención yla intervención en personas drogodependientes, y de manera más específica, identificar y analizar la relación existente, las técnicas evaluativas, y la muestra empleada. Método: La selección de artículos se ha realizado desde el año 2016 hasta 2020, estando estos relacionados con la regulación emocional y la población drogodependiente. Fueron ejecutadas búsquedas en Scopus y Psycinfo, utilizando los siguientes términos: “emotional regulation” AND“drug addiction”. Resultados: Del total de artículos potenciales, se seleccionaron 20 que se ajustaban a los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos. Se destacan numerosas relaciones beneficiosas entre la regulación emocional y las personas drogodependientes, centrándose las investigaciones encontradas en poblaciones adultas. Asimismo, se distinguen y describen una serie de instrumentos empleados para la evaluación de la R.E. Discusión: En esta revisión se concluye que la regulación emocional tiene una gran influencia en la población drogodependiente, obteniéndose de su desarrollo numerosos beneficios, los cuales se dan a un nivel tanto de prevención como de intervención.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CRYSTALLOGRAM OF THE ORAL FLUID IN PATIENTS WHO USE HEROIN AND METHADONE

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (33) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
A. SEVBITOV ◽  
A. DOROFEEV ◽  
M. KUZNETSOVA ◽  
A. TIMOSHIN ◽  
K. ERSHOV
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heroin Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
First Time

Currently, the problem of drug addiction is one of the main not only in healthcare but also in society, because it poses a serious threat to the life and health of the working-age population. Persons suffering from drug addiction, are characterized not only by severe disorders of the Central nervous system, internal organs, but also pathological changes in the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. The results of studies indicate that persons suffering from drug dependence on opiates (mainly from heroin addiction) and taking methadone (a synthetic drug from the group of opioids used in some countries as substitution therapy in the treatment of drug dependence), along with the general toxic effects on the body, there are significant changes in the state of the dentition.The aim of the work is to analyze the results of oral fluid crystallograms in patients using heroin and methadone and to identify the features of crystal morphology depending on the substance used. For the first time, changes in crystal morphology were detected in patients taking heroin and methadone. The article presents the results of the analysis of crystallograms of oral fluid of patients using heroin and methadone, the features of their morphology, distinctive quality features, including the lack of crystal growth and rupture of its structure. It is noted that these morphological changes in the crystallization of oral fluid of drug-dependent patients identified for the first time and can be used for diagnostic purposes in dentistry to identify patients who use heroin or methadone. Analysis of the results of these crystallograms in the studied categories of patients allows to differentiate them depending on the substance used (heroin, methadone), which can be used in clinical practice.

Frozen and floating reality in drug addiction

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2067-2067
Author(s):  
G. Di Petta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Drug Effect ◽  
Space Time ◽  
The State ◽  
Acute Intoxication ◽  
Sense Of Reality

Drug abuse is able to modify the state of consciousness and, as a consequence, the sense of reality. The author describes two fundamental modifications of the sense of reality under drug effect: “floating” and “frozen”. The first, “floating” is induced by acute intoxication; the second, “frozen”, is produced by chronic drug dependence. These two reality modifications are described from a phenomenological and a psychopathological perspective. Intentionality, space, time, otherness are described in their different “floating” and frozenstructure. “Floating” patients need of adaequate medical treatment. In conclusion, the author introduces the dasein-group treatment, based upon shared emotions, as a concrete possibility to cure frozen patient.

scholarly journals Drug Addiction [Abridged]

1968 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Drug Dependence ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Population ◽  
Population Treatment

Dr T H Bewley discusses recent increases in the incidence of all types of drug dependence in Great Britain.Dr P H Connell considers the problem of amphetamine dependence historically and in different age groups and draws attention to the sociocultural patterns of behaviour which have sprung up amongst the adolescent and young adult population. Treatment is discussed.Dr R H V Ollendorff outlines a theory of drug addiction based upon seven ætiological factors, and stresses the importance of the general practitioner in treating the addict.

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