scholarly journals Optimal Function-on-Function Regression With Interaction Between Functional Predictors

2023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honghe Jin ◽  
Xiaoxiao Sun ◽  
Pang Du
Keyword(s):  
Functional Predictors ◽  
Optimal Function

XRF and PIXE Analysis of light and Dark Adapted Ocular Tissue

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
B. J. Panessa ◽  
H. W. Kraner ◽  
J. B. Warren ◽  
K. W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Nerve Impulse ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Ocular Tissue ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Retinol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pixe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optimal Function

During photoexcitation the retina requires specific electrolytes and trace metals for optimal function (Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, S, P, Cu and Zn). According to Hagins (1981), photoexcitation and generation of a nerve impulse involves the movement of Ca from the rhodopsin-ladened membranes of the rod outer segment (ROS) to the plasmalemma, which in turn decreases the in-flow of Na into the photoreceptor, resulting in hyperpolarization. In toad isolated retinas, the presence of Ba has been found to increase the amplitude and prolong the delay of the light response (Brown and Flaming, 1978). Trace metals such as Cu, Zn and Se are essential for the activity of the metalloenzymes of the retina and retina pigment epithelium (RPE) (i.e. carbonic anhydrase, retinol dehydrogenase, tyrosinase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase...). Therefore the content and fluctuations of these elements in the retina and choroid are of fundamental importance for the maintenance of vision. This paper presents elemental data from light and dark adapted frog ocular tissues examined by electron beam induced x-ray microanalysis, x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and proton induced x-ray emission spectrometry (PIXE).

Pediatric Replantation after Traumatic Amputation at the Distal Forearm: Rehabilitation Protocol and Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Oleck ◽  
Radhika Malhotra ◽  
Haripriya S. Ayyala ◽  
Ramazi O. Datiashvili
Keyword(s):  
Operating Room ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Distal Forearm ◽  
Left Forearm ◽  
Traumatic Amputation ◽  
Postoperative Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Protocol ◽  
Microsurgical Technique ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
And Function

AbstractMajor limb replantation is a formidable task, especially in the pediatric setting. While meticulous microsurgical technique is required in the operating room, the authors aim to highlight the importance of postoperative rehabilitation therapy for optimal function. We highlight the case of a 12-year-old boy who suffered complete traumatic amputation through the distal left forearm. The limb was successfully replanted with successful restoration of sensation and function with the aid of intensive postoperative occupational therapy. A multidisciplinary team is of paramount importance to maximize function of a replanted upper extremity.

Molecular function of the prolyl cis/trans isomerase and metallochaperone SlyD

2013 ◽  
Vol 394 (8) ◽  
pp. 965-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kovermann ◽  
Franz X. Schmid ◽  
Jochen Balbach
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Chaperone ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Enzyme Mechanism ◽  
Molecular Function ◽  
Twin Arginine Translocation ◽  
Chaperone Function ◽  
Nickel Binding ◽  
Biophysical Analysis ◽  
Optimal Function

Abstract SlyD is a bacterial two-domain protein that functions as a molecular chaperone, a prolyl cis/trans isomerase, and a nickel-binding protein. This review summarizes recent findings about the molecular enzyme mechanism of SlyD. The chaperone function located in one domain of SlyD is involved in twin-arginine translocation and increases the catalytic efficiency of the prolyl cis/trans isomerase domain in protein folding by two orders of magnitude. The C-terminal tail of SlyD binds Ni2+ ions and supplies them for the maturation of [NiFe] hydrogenases. A combined biochemical and biophysical analysis revealed the molecular basis of the delicate interplay of the different domains of SlyD for optimal function.

scholarly journals Transcription Activation Domains of the Yeast Factors Met4 and Ino2: Tandem Activation Domains with Properties Similar to the Yeast Gcn4 Activator

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Pacheco ◽  
Linda Warfield ◽  
Michelle Brajcich ◽  
Hannah Robbins ◽  
Jie Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Transcription Activation ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription ◽  
Activation Domains ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
Optimal Function

ABSTRACTEukaryotic transcription activation domains (ADs) are intrinsically disordered polypeptides that typically interact with coactivator complexes, leading to stimulation of transcription initiation, elongation, and chromatin modifications. Here we examined the properties of two strong and conserved yeast ADs: Met4 and Ino2. Both factors have tandem ADs that were identified by conserved sequence and functional studies. While the AD function of both factors depended on hydrophobic residues, Ino2 further required key conserved acidic and polar residues for optimal function. Binding studies showed that the ADs bound multiple Med15 activator-binding domains (ABDs) with similar orders of micromolar affinity and similar but distinct thermodynamic properties. Protein cross-linking data show that no unique complex was formed upon Met4-Med15 binding. Rather, we observed heterogeneous AD-ABD contacts with nearly every possible AD-ABD combination. Many of these properties are similar to those observed with yeast activator Gcn4, which forms a large heterogeneous, dynamic, and fuzzy complex with Med15. We suggest that this molecular behavior is common among eukaryotic activators.

scholarly journals Low back pain in physiotherapy students: Prevalence and the association with neuromuscular findings

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Burger ◽  
H. Myezwa ◽  
V. Naidoo ◽  
B. Olivier ◽  
A. Rothberg
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physiotherapy Students

Background: Physiotherapy students are prone to low back pain (LBP) due to studying and their active involvement in clinical treatment of patients. As a result of pathology, muscle activity is influenced, affecting optimal function of the spine. Method: Physiotherapy students enrolled for 2010 at the University of the Witwatersrand participated in a cross-sectional study. A questionnaire and physical assessment were completed. Results: The study revealed that the lifetime LBP prevalence was 36% among physiotherapy students. Associations with LBP were hours of practical exposure, posterior-anterior mobilisations on L4 (p=0.003) and L5 (p≤0.001) centrally and unilaterally, left lumbar multifidus (LM) cross-sectional area (p=0.02), right obliquus internusabdominis (OI) (p=0.02) and right transversus abdominis (TrA) thickness at rest (p=0.02), as well as the pull of the TrA during contraction on the left (p=0.03). Discussion: Hours of practical exposure may play a role in lumbar pathology. Due to pathology, muscle imbalances of LM, TrA and OI affect the stability of the spine which may lead to recurrences. Conclusion: Practical exposure as well as LM, TrA and OI muscle imbalances were associated with LBP in physiotherapy students. Awareness of the factors associated with LBP while studying at an undergraduate level may lead to better prevention of LBP.

scholarly journals Sports Foods and Dietary Supplements for Optimal Function and Performance Enhancement in Track-and-Field Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Peeling ◽  
Linda M. Castell ◽  
Wim Derave ◽  
Olivier de Hon ◽  
Louise M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Health Function ◽  
Specific Scenario

Athletes are exposed to numerous nutritional products, attractively marketed with claims of optimizing health, function, and performance. However, there is limited evidence to support many of these claims, and the efficacy and safety of many products is questionable. The variety of nutritional aids considered for use by track-and-field athletes includes sports foods, performance supplements, and therapeutic nutritional aids. Support for sports foods and five evidence-based performance supplements (caffeine, creatine, nitrate/beetroot juice, β-alanine, and bicarbonate) varies according to the event, the specific scenario of use, and the individual athlete’s goals and responsiveness. Specific challenges include developing protocols to manage repeated use of performance supplements in multievent or heat-final competitions or the interaction between several products which are used concurrently. Potential disadvantages of supplement use include expense, false expectancy, and the risk of ingesting banned substances sometimes present as contaminants. However, a pragmatic approach to the decision-making process for supplement use is recommended. The authors conclude that it is pertinent for sports foods and nutritional supplements to be considered only where a strong evidence base supports their use as safe, legal, and effective and that such supplements are trialed thoroughly by the individual before committing to use in a competition setting.

scholarly journals The Role of Micronutrients in Support of the Immune Response against Viral Infections

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pecora ◽  
Federica Persico ◽  
Alberto Argentiero ◽  
Cosimo Neglia ◽  
Susanna Esposito
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Optimal Function ◽  
The Impact

Viral infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the importance of public health practices including handwashing and vaccinations in reducing their spread is well established. Furthermore, it is well known that proper nutrition can help support optimal immune function, reducing the impact of infections. Several vitamins and trace elements play an important role in supporting the cells of the immune system, thus increasing the resistance to infections. Other nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, help sustain optimal function of the immune system. The main aim of this manuscript is to discuss of the potential role of micronutrients supplementation in supporting immunity, particularly against respiratory virus infections. Literature analysis showed that in vitro and observational studies, and clinical trials, highlight the important role of vitamins A, C, and D, omega-3 fatty acids, and zinc in modulating the immune response. Supplementation with vitamins, omega 3 fatty acids and zinc appears to be a safe and low-cost way to support optimal function of the immune system, with the potential to reduce the risk and consequences of infection, including viral respiratory infections. Supplementation should be in addition to a healthy diet and fall within recommended upper safety limits set by scientific expert bodies. Therefore, implementing an optimal nutrition, with micronutrients and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation, might be a cost-effective, underestimated strategy to help reduce the burden of infectious diseases worldwide, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

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