Views of Specialists on Referral Communications : A Qualitative Study from Sri Lanka

Abstract IntroductionThe psychological and social issues experienced by family members of missing persons are different from normal grief following the death of a loved one. The term “Ambiguous loss” describes this psychological phenomenon. “Ambiguous loss” acts as a barrier to adjusting to grief, leading to symptoms of depression and intra and interpersonal relational conflicts. An in-depth understanding of this subjective experience is important.MethodA qualitative study was conducted among close family members of persons who had gone missing during the civil conflict and the 2004 tsunami in southern Sri Lanka. Purposive and snowballing sampling methods were used to recruit the participants. In-depth interviews were recorded with the help of a semi-structured guide, after informed consent. The recordings were transcribed and thematically analyzed by three independent investigators. The investigators met to code the themes and ground them through reflexivity. The triangulation process involved cross-checking with the interviewees. ResultsTheoretical sample saturation was achieved with 24 family members of missing persons. Responders were mothers, fathers, wives, husbands, and siblings of missing individuals. Six predominant themes were identified. They lacked closure, hope, guilt, helplessness, perpetual suffering, and effects due to gender roles. ConclusionThe close family member of the missing person has prolonged vacillating grief characterized by hope, guilt, helplessness, and perpetual suffering due to lack of closure. The effects are more pronounced in women through the interplay of socio-cultural factors. The surviving loved one is ‘locked in grief’ indefinitely.

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166. Barriers to implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in low- or middle-income country settings: findings from a multi-site qualitative study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.210 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S91-S91

Author(s):

Robert J Rolfe ◽

Charles M Kwobah ◽

Florida Muro ◽

Anushka S Ruwanpathirana ◽

Furaha Lyamuya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Perceived Barriers ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

Prescribing Practices ◽

Middle Income ◽

Antimicrobial Prescribing ◽

The World

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance has been named as one of the top ten threats to health in the world. The World Health Organization has endorsed the implementation of hosptial-based antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) to reduce antimicrobial resistance. We conducted a qualitative study to determine perceived barriers to the development and implementation of ASPs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We conducted 46 interviews with medical doctors at tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka (22 doctors), Kenya (12), and Tanzania (12). Interviews assessed knowledge and receptiveness to ASPs and barriers to implementing ASP protocols. Interviews were conducted in English, audio recorded, and transcribed. The interviews discussed knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and ASPs, current antimicrobial prescribing practices, access to diagnostics, receptiveness to ASPs, and perceived barriers to implementing ASPs. Data analysis followed procedures of applied thematic analysis, and used NVivo software. A codebook included structural themes based on the interview questions and emerging inductive themes. Two independent reviewers coded the interviews, and the coding was combined and reviewed for consensus. Themes were synthesized, with comparisons made across the three sites. Results Medical doctors from all three sites discussed multiple barriers to improving antimicrobial prescribing: prohibitively expensive antimicrobials, limited antimicrobial availability, resistance to change current practices regarding antimicrobial prescribing, and limited diagnostic data. The most frequent of these barriers discussed in all three locations was limited drug availability, mentioned by 12/22 physicians in Sri Lanka, 5/12 in Tanzania and 8/12 in Kenya. Improved education was a suggested component of ASPs in all three sites: 7/22 in Sri Lanka, 6/12 in Tanzania, and 6/12 in Kenya. Conclusion The study highlighted several important issues in determining the next steps for the implementation of ASPs in these LMIC hospitals. Improving drug availability and improving education to change physicians’ antimicrobial prescribing practices are important targets that could be addressed by ASPs in these facilities. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Complexity and potential of synchronous computer mediated corrective feedback: a study from Sri Lanka

CALL and complexity – short papers from EUROCALL 2019 ◽

10.14705/rpnet.2019.38.1038 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 367-372

Author(s):

W. A. Piyumi Udeshinee ◽

Ola Knutsson ◽

Sirkku Männikkö-Barbutiu

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Adult Learners ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Language Skills ◽

Corrective Feedback ◽

Esl Teachers ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

Computer Mediated ◽

Inductive Thematic Analysis

This paper discusses a qualitative study which examines the complexity and potential of using Synchronous Computer Mediated Corrective Feedback (SCMCF) for adult learners in English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms in Sri Lanka. Chat conversation was assumed as the medium through which the teacher provides corrective feedback to the students. Five ESL teachers were interviewed for the study. The data gathered were analysed qualitatively using an affinity diagram which is discussed under an inductive thematic analysis. Findings of the study suggest that there is potential for provision of SCMCF through chat conversations, for teachers believe that SCMCF will improve language skills of the students; moreover, this approach needs only a limited use of technology. However, it was revealed that there could be some complexities, mainly due to teachers’ existing workloads, some ethical aspects, and the low level of technology that is available in certain universities.

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Midwifery trained registered nurses' perceptions on their service: a qualitative study in Sri Lanka

10.32920/ryerson.14639874 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

S. Jayathilake ◽

V. Jayasuriya ◽

H. Molligoda ◽

R. Perera ◽

K. Samarasinghe

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

South Asian ◽

Maternity Care ◽

Scope Of Practice ◽

Care Providers ◽

Job Descriptions ◽

Role Conflicts ◽

Nurses Perceptions ◽

Multi Disciplinary Team

The Midwifery Trained Registered Nurse (MTRN) is a part of the multi- disciplinary team of hospital based maternity care in Sri Lanka. MTRNs perform their duties by practice or tradition without clear job descriptions, thus exposing them to role conflicts within the team similar to other South Asian settings (Sharma, Johansson, Prakasamma, Mavalankar & Christensson, 2013). The MTRN´s scope of practice therefore needs to be carefully analysed in order to clarify their role, tasks and responsibilities. This study explores MTRN´s perceptions of their own profession as maternity care providers

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How do Key Populations Cope their Behaviour Related Stigma? A Qualitative Study in a Province in Sri Lanka

Global Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.34257/gjmrkvol21is7pg11 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 11-15

Author(s):

T.S.M. Fernando ◽

H.M.J.P. Vidanapathirana

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Thematic Analysis ◽

Key Populations ◽

Analysis Method ◽

Human Immuno Deficiency Virus ◽

Global Target ◽

Related Stigma ◽

Depth Interviews

Key populations are at the highest risk of acquiring and transmitting the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV). Due to the stigma vested upon them, they have become least accessible for preventive and curative services for HIV. Therefore, coping strategies are essential to minimize stigma to end AIDS by 2025, five years ahead of the global target of ending AIDS in 2030. The objective was to describe the coping strategies adopted by key-populations to overcome behavior-related stigma. Data from thirty-two in-depth interviews were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.

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