Quality of the pirenic and apirenic fruits of surinam cherry tree accesses (Eugenia uniflora)

Surinam cherry is a native fruit tree with market potential. However, the pulp yield can be impaired by the size of the fruit seed. At UTFPR there is a genotype which produces seedless fruits, that can intensify the use of this species in orchards, and it is important to analyze the quality of the produced fruit. The aim of this study was to determine the quality of fruits from pirenic and apirenic accessions of Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora). In 2012, 2013 and 2015, 40 ripe fruits were collected from 23 Surinam cherry accessions, including an apirenic genotype one. The fruits were taken to the laboratory and analyzed regarding total fruit and seed weight, equatorial fruit and seed diameter, and total soluble solids content (SST). The twenty-third access presented physical characteristics that stood out from the other accesses, but, a larger size of the seed is an undesirable factor, once with industrialization it diminishes the use and yield of the pulp. Access 19, corresponding to the apirenic cherry tree, presented a smaller diameter and seed weight, which is a desirable feature. This genotype also has the physicochemical characteristics considered appropriate for processing or fresh market.

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Yield and fruit quality of industrial tomato under saline irrigation

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162006000200006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 146-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Brasiliano Campos ◽

Pedro Dantas Fernandes ◽

Hans Raj Gheyi ◽

Flávio Favaro Blanco ◽

Cira Belém Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Yield ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Pulp Yield ◽

Saline Stress ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Tomato Cultivar ◽

Saline Irrigation ◽

Moderate Salinity

Industrial tomato is the most important vegetable crop of the Brazilian agribusiness. Few researches have evaluated the tolerance of this crop to saline stress. In this study, the effects of five levels of salinity of the irrigation water (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 dS m-1) and two equivalent proportions of Na:Ca:Mg (1:1:0.5 and 7:1:0.5) were tested on yield and quality of fruits of industrial tomato, cultivar IPA 6. Seedlings were transplanted in rhizotrons and grown under plastic covering until fruit ripening. Volume of water for daily irrigations was determined by the difference between the applied and drained volume in the previous irrigation. Unitary increase of water salinity above 1 dS m-1 reduced the commercial and total yield by 11.9 and 11.0%, respectively, and increased the concentration of soluble solids and the titratable acidity of the fruits by 13.9 and 9.4%, respectively. The increase of the proportion of sodium reduced the total and marketable yield, the number of marketable fruits and pulp yield. Water of moderate salinity, with low concentration of sodium, can be used in the irrigation of the industrial tomato, without significant yield losses.

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Effects of Machine-Harvest Interval on Fruit Quality of Fresh Market Northern Highbush Blueberry

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7080245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Yixin Cai ◽

Fumiomi Takeda ◽

Brian Foote ◽

Lisa Wasko DeVetter

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Highbush Blueberry ◽

Labor Costs ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Harvest Intervals ◽

Northern Highbush Blueberry

Machine harvesting blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) alleviates labor costs and shortages but can reduce fruit quality. Installation of softer catching surfaces inside modified over-the-row harvesters (modified OTR) and adjusting harvest intervals may improve fruit quality and packout. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of harvest interval on fruit quality of fresh market northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) harvested using a modified OTR. ‘Liberty’ blueberry bushes were harvested by hand or using a modified OTR at 3-, 10-, and 14-day intervals in 2019 and at 7-, 11-, and 14-day intervals in 2020. Hand-harvested ‘Liberty’ had greater packout and firmness than machine-harvested fruit. Machine harvesting at the 3-day interval in 2019, and the 14-day interval in 2020 reduced packout from 70–80% to 60% and 54%, respectively. In 2019, machine harvesting at a 3-day interval overall resulted in fruit with greater firmness, higher titratable acidity (TA), and lower total soluble solids (TSS) and SS/TA, compared to other harvest intervals. In 2020, the 7-day machine-harvest interval had a greater TA and lower TSS/TA, compared to the 11- and 14-day intervals. Overall, modified OTR machine-harvest intervals can be extended to 10–11 days for fresh market northern highbush cultivars such as ‘Liberty’ grown in northwest Washington.

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Postharvest Storage Quality of Gamma-irradiated `Climax' Rabbiteye Blueberries

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.2.98 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 98-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

W.R. Miller ◽

E.J. Mitcham ◽

R.E. McDonald ◽

J.R. King

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Neutral Sugar ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Vaccinium Ashei ◽

Solids Concentration ◽

Gamma Irradiated ◽

Subsequent Storage

Postharvest quality of `Climax' rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium ashei Read) was evaluated after exposure to dosages of 0, 0.75, 1.5, 2.25, or 3.0 kGy gamma irradiation (0.118 kGy·min-1) and after subsequent storage. Irradiation did not affect weight loss, but irradiated berries were softer than nontreated berries. There was also a trend toward increased decay as dose increased. Irradiation had no effect on powdery bloom or surface color; total soluble solids concentration, acidity, and pH were affected slightly. Flavor preference was highest for nonirradiated berries and generally declined as dosage increased. Irradiation at 2.25 and 3.0 kGy resulted in increased levels of xylosyl residues in cell walls, and xylosyl residues were the most abundant cell-wall neutral sugar detected in blueberries. There was no evidence of cell wall pectin loss in irradiated berries. Irradiation at 21.5 kGy lowered the quality of fresh-market `Climax' blueberries.

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Abscisic acid on the quality of tomato fruits

Scientia Agraria Paranaensis ◽

10.18188/sap.v19i1.22876 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Carlos Agostinho Balate ◽

Douglas Correa de Souza ◽

Luis Felipe Lima e Silva ◽

Luciane Vilela Resende ◽

Sergio Tonetto de Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Tomato Fruit ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Exogenous Aba ◽

Root Treatment

The use of abscisic acid (ABA) in agriculture has increased in the last few years due to the increase in ABA commercial availability at lower costs. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous ABA on tomato fruit quality parameters such as soluble solids (SS), total and soluble pectins, titratable acidity (TA) and flesh firmness. Tomatoes from the cultivar ‘Santa Clara’ were the study followed a complete randomized block desig, with four treatments in five repetitions. The treatments were plants not treated with ABA (control), foliar sprayed with ABA at 500 mg L-1, 150 mL drench with ABA at 500 mg L-1, or foliar plus drench treated with ABA. After harvesting, the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in the laboratory. All treatments were weekly applied to the plants from anthesis to harvest at fully maturity. Root treatment increased SS by up to 26.12%, increased ratio SS/TA, firmness and decreased soluble pectin. According to the results, it can be concluded that the application of ABA to leaves and roots can improve fruit quality by increasing the SS, ratio SS/TA. The method of application affects the SS content.

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CRESCIMENTO VEGETATIVO, PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DOS FRUTOS DO ABACAXIZEIRO ‘BRS IMPERIAL’ SOB LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2021v26n2p398-410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 398-410

Author(s):

Weslley do Rosário Santana ◽

Luã Víthor Chíxaro Almeida Falcão Rosa ◽

Joabe Martins de Souza ◽

Robson Bonomo

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Management ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Espírito Santo ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Espirito Santo

CRESCIMENTO VEGETATIVO, PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DOS FRUTOS DO ABACAXIZEIRO ‘BRS IMPERIAL’ SOB LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO WESLLEY DO ROSÁRIO SANTANA1; LUÃ VÍTHOR CHÍXARO ALMEIDA FALCÃO ROSA1; JOABE MARTINS DE SOUZA1 E ROBSON BONOMO1 1Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Rod. Governador Mario Covas, Km 60 - Litorâneo, CEP 29932-540, São Mateus, ES, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 1 RESUMO Conhecer a demanda hídrica de uma cultura em uma região possibilita um melhor manejo da irrigação e desenvolvimento da cultura. Diante disso, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento vegetativo, qualidade físico-química dos frutos e a produtividade do abacaxizeiro ‘BRS Imperial’ sob lâminas de irrigação nas condições de tabuleiro costeiro, no estado do Espírito Santo (ES). O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, município de São Mateus, em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com sete lâminas de irrigação (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% e 150% da evapotranspiração de cultura-ETc), quatro repetições e seis plantas úteis por parcela. Foram avaliadas características vegetativas da planta e físico-químicas dos frutos e a produtividade. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância. Para as condições em estudo, a maior altura de planta e diâmetro do caule observado foi de 28,8 cm e 65,1 mm, respectivamente, ambos na lâmina aplicada referente a 69% da reposição da ETc. Para as características físico-químicas analisadas, as lâminas de irrigação aplicadas não influenciaram significativamente a cultura. A produtividade obtida foi de 40,41 t ha-1, com teor médio de sólidos solúveis totais de 16,46 ºBrix, valor superior ao mínimo exigido para a colheita e comercialização. Palavras-chave: Ananas comosus (L.) Merril, características físico-químicas, massa do fruto, manejo da irrigação. SANTANA, W. do R.; ROSA, L. V. C. A. F.; SOUZA, J. M. de; BONOMO, R. VEGETATIVE GROWTH, YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF PINEAPPLE CROP ‘BRS IMPERIAL' UNDER IRRIGATION DEPTHS 2 ABSTRACT Knowing the hydric demand of a crop in a region enables better irrigation management and crop development. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the vegetative growth, physical-chemical quality of the fruits and the yield of the pineapple crop ‘BRS Imperial’ under irrigation depths in coastal conditions, in the state of Espírito Santo (ES). The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, municipality of São Mateus, in a randomized block design, with seven irrigation depths (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 125% and 150% of the evapotranspiration of the crop (ETc)), four replications and six useful plants per plot. The vegetative characteristics of the plant and the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated, as well as the yield. The results were subjected to analysis of variance. For the conditions under study, the highest plant height and stem diameter observed were 28.8 cm and 65.1 mm, respectively, both in the applied irrigation depth referring to 69% of the replacement of the ETc. For the physical-chemical characteristics analyzed, the applied irrigation depths did not significantly influence the crop. The yield obtained was 40.41 t ha-1, with an average content of total soluble solids of 16.46 ºBrix, higher than the minimum required for harvest and commercialization. Keywords: Ananas comosus (L.) Merril, physicochemical characteristics fruit, fruit mass, irrigation management.

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Physicochemical quality of araçaúna and grumixama at different ripening stages

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452020655 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Bruna Lara Alvarenga Barros ◽

Moises Zucoloto ◽

Sarah Ola Moreira ◽

Tiago de Oliveira Godinho ◽

Stanley Bravo Buffon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Pulp Yield ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ripening Stages ◽

Solids Content

Abstract The physicochemical characteristics of fruits of species native to the Atlantic Forest are little known, especially during ripening. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between ripening period and post-harvest storage of araçaúna and grumixama. Fruits were harvested at three ripening stages: green, partially ripe and ripe, according to the epicarp color, and separated into two groups, being stored for 2 and 48 hours. The following variables were evaluated: longitudinal (LD) and cross-sectional (CD) diameter, LD / CD ratio, fresh fruit mass (FM), pulp yield (PY), pH, soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS / TA ratio, and ascorbic acid content (AA). Araçaúna fruits stand out due to their high PY (74.43%), with low SS (2.07 ºBrix) and high TA (1.17% citric acid). However, harvesting fully ripe fruits increases SS by 21% and reduces TA by 32.5%. Grumixama fruits are slightly sweet (6.06 ºBrix), with low acidity (0.39% citric acid), high vitamin C content (206.94 mg of ascorbic acid/100g of pulp), and harvest must be performed when fruits are fully ripe. Both species have pulp of potential quality to be commercially exploited, especially for processing.

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Avaliação física e físico-química de frutos de juazeiro (Zizyphus joazeiro Mart.) em diferentes estádios de maturação

Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável ◽

10.18378/rvads.v11i5.4743 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

Jéssica Leite da Silva ◽

Franciscleudo Bezerra da Costa ◽

Ana Marinho do Nascimento ◽

Rafaela Rodrigues do Vale Costa ◽

Mahyara de Melo Santiago

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

High Yield ◽

Pulp Yield ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Industrial Processing ◽

Plastic Bags ◽

Maturation Stages

Objetivou-se avaliar as características físicas e físico-químicas dos frutos de juazeiro colhidos em cinco estádios de maturação. Os frutos foram colhidos no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar (CCTA) da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus Pombal, foram acondicionados em sacos plásticos e transportados ao laboratório de Análise de Alimentos do CCTA. Os frutos foram classificados em cinco estádios de maturação, selecionados quanto à coloração da casca do fruto. Avaliou-se a massa fresca dos frutos, polpas e sementes; espessura longitudinal e transversal do fruto e polpa, rendimento da polpa e semente. Após o processamento da polpa com a casca, foram avaliadas as seguintes características físico-químicas: umidade, cinzas, pH, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável e vitamina C. Os frutos do IV estádio de maturação se destacaram em relação aos demais nos atributos físicos, apresentando elevado rendimento (80,16%), tornando o processamento industrial, no que diz respeito a rendimento de polpa, viável. Os frutos de todos os estádios de maturação também apresentaram níveis significativos de vitamina C.Evaluation physical and physical-chemical of fruit juazeiro (Zizyphus joazeiro Mart.) in different stages of maturityAbstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits of juazeiro harvested in five maturation stages. The fruits were collected in the Center of Sciences and Technology Agroalimentaria (CCTA) of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus Pombal, were packed in plastic bags and transported to the Food Analysis laboratory of the CCTA. The fruits were classified in five stages of maturation, selected for the color of the fruit peel. The fresh mass of fruits, pulps and seeds was evaluated; longitudinal and transverse thickness of fruit and pulp, yield of pulp and seed. After the pulp was processed with the peel, the following physicochemical characteristics were evaluated: moisture, ash, pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity and vitamin C. The fruits of the IV stage of maturation stood out in relation to the others in the attributes with high yield (80.16%), making the industrial processing, with respect to pulp yield, viable. Fruits at all maturation stages also showed significant levels of vitamin C.

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Fresh market tomatoes for production on raised beds in New South Wales

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9880127 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 127 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

VQ Nguyen ◽

R Hermus ◽

WB McGlasson ◽

SK Meldrum ◽

ME Trethowan

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

First Grade ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Trickle Irrigation ◽

Fresh Market ◽

South Wales ◽

High Yields ◽

Polyethylene Mulch

The aim of the experiments described in this paper was to identify determinate cultivars suited to production of fresh market tomatoes on raised beds in the inland irrigation areas of the south-west area of New South Wales from January to April. Cultivars that produce high yields of first-grade medium to large fruit, and are smooth, nearly round, firm and an even bright red when ripe are required. The plants should have good leaf coverage to prevent sunburn, and jointless pedicels to facilitate harvesting. The period of maturation of the fruit should be short to permit recovery of the crop with a maximum of 3 harvests. Ten lines including Sunny, a .reference cultivar with jointed pedicels, were evaluated at Richmond in the Sydney Greater Metropolitan Area and at Leeton in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area, 1984-86. The lines were trickle-irrigated and mulched with black polyethylene film except at Leeton in 1985-86 when a trickle-irrigated, no mulch treatment and a furrow-irrigated treatment were included. The experiments showed that it is possible to produce yields of 50-100 t ha-1 of first-grade fruit with trickle irrigation. No significant advantage was obtained at Leeton in 1985-86 by using polyethylene mulch; however, the mulch largely eliminated the need for hand-chipping of weeds from among the plants. The visual quality of fruit grown at Leeton was excellent but total soluble solids levels were low, ripe fruit were unexpectedly soft, and sensory scores for flavour and general acceptability were only satisfactory. Overall, 2 cultivars that have jointless pedicels, Red Chief and Delta Contender, showed promise. A jointless hybrid line, HARU 83-148, which was bred at Richmond, warrants further evaluation. Some signs of incipient field chilling of fruit were observed at Leeton in fruit harvested after the first week in April.

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Foliar Calcium Applications Do Not Improve Quality or Shelf Life of Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, or Blueberry Fruit

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci11612-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 382-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Amanda J. Vance ◽

Patrick Jones ◽

Bernadine C. Strik

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽

Rubus Idaeus ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Off Flavors ◽

Good Coverage ◽

Early Harvest

Foliar calcium (Ca) products are applied by many berry growers to enhance fruit quality and shelf life without evidence that these applications increase fruit Ca or impact fruit characteristics when applied at rates recommended on the product label. The objectives of this study were to determine if fruit or leaf Ca increases when several formulations of liquid Ca products are applied to developing fruit, and to assess any resulting changes in fresh market quality of berries. Products were applied in strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa L., ‘Hood’ and ‘Albion’), raspberry (Rubus idaeus L., ‘Tulameen’ and ‘Vintage’), blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus, Watson, ‘Obsidian’ and ‘Triple Crown’), and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., ‘Spartan’, ‘Liberty’, ‘Draper’, and ‘Legacy’). Calcium formulations tested were Ca chloride (CaCl2), CaCl2 + boron, Ca silicate, Ca chelate, and Ca acetate, which were compared with a water-only control. The rates used for each product were within ranges specified on the label and supplied equal amounts of Ca per ha for each treatment; the Ca concentration varied from 0.05% to 0.3% depending on the cultivar and the volume of water required for good coverage. All products were applied with a backpack sprayer, except in a separate trial where a backpack and electrostatic sprayer were compared in ‘Draper’ and ‘Legacy’. Treatment applications were started at the early green fruit stage and were repeated three or four times, depending on duration of berry development and cultivar. Fruit were harvested into commercial clamshells 4 days to ≈4 weeks after the final application of Ca from an early harvest at commercial ripeness. Data collected included berry weight, rating of fruit appearance and flavor, firmness, skin toughness, total soluble solids (TSS), and weight loss and nesting (collapse of fruit) during storage (evaluated at ≈5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-days postharvest). Fruit and leaves were sampled at harvest to determine Ca concentration. There was no evidence of spotting or off-flavors due to Ca applications. Compared with the control, none of the Ca treatments or method of application changed leaf or fruit Ca concentration, fruit quality, firmness, or shelf life in any crop or cultivar tested.

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Physicochemical, Volatile, and Sensory Characterization of Promising Cherry Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivars: Fresh Market Aptitudes of Pear and Round Fruits

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11040618 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 618

Author(s):

Julio Pérez-Marín ◽

Hanán Issa-Issa ◽

Jesús Clemente-Villalba ◽

José Miguel García-Garví ◽

Francisca Hernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solanum Lycopersicum ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Cherry Tomato ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽

Solanaceae Family ◽

Cherry Tomatoes

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a well-known plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family. It is a widely consumed vegetable, either fresh or industrially processed. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the morphology, main physicochemical parameters, volatile composition, and sensory quality of 8 cherry tomato cultivars: 4 pear cherry tomatoes (Angelle, Seychelles, Santyplum, and Dolcetini) and 4 round cherry tomatoes (Katalina, Sweet star, C-95, and Karelya) to be able to replace the most popular ones in markets (Angelle and Katalina). Morphological parameters had significant differences among cultivars, while in terms of total soluble solids and titratable acidity, Dolcetini could be an interesting substitute of Angelle in pear cherry cultivars, while in round ones C-95 would be the closest one. Regarding sugars, Santyplum was probably the cultivar which could be placed into a similar place to Angelle, while in round ones, C-95 was probably the cultivar closest to Katalina. Santyplum, Seychelles (pear type), and C-95 (round type) are likely to be the most interesting cherry cultivars in providing a real alternative to the most cultivated ones, in terms of volatile profile and concentration of the main volatile compounds. Descriptive sensory analysis revealed that Seychelles cultivar in 9 of the 15 attributes under study could be considered as the most similar cultivar to replace Angelle, while in round types no clear and direct relationship was found with any cultivar. Finally, consumers reported similar values for Angelle and Seychelles pear type cultivars, while round ones did not show significant differences. In summary, it can be stated that Seychelles and C-95 are the best alternatives of pear and round cherry cultivars, respectively, as compared to the reference cultivars, Angelle and Katalina.

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