THE POTENTIAL OF METHANOL AS AN ALTERNATIVE MARINE FUEL FOR INDONESIAN DOMESTIC SHIPPING

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (A2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Priyanto ◽  
A I Ölçer ◽  
D Dalaklis ◽  
F Ballini
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Ship Owner ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Scenario Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

This analysis aims to provide insight and to explore the future usage of methanol as an alternative marine fuel for domestic ships in Indonesia. An overview of potential application, analysis of resources availability, and stakeholder readiness on the topic are provided; related challenges are also identified and further examined. The potential performance of methanol as a fuel is discussed and evaluated via two different perspectives (the ship-owner perspective and the government one) through case studies of two passenger ships owned by the shipping company Pelayaran Indonesia (PELNI): MV. Labobar and MV. Gunung Dempo. As ship-owners tend to look very closely at the economic aspects, a feasibility study is performed by developing a combinatorial scenario approach based on the combination of economic measures of merit (NPV and payback period) along with a technical scenario (main-pilot fuel set-up); the variables included in the calculation are: ship age, ship productivity, and macro-economy conditions. Regarding the government perspective, the main issues are environmental protection and policy compliance. These issues are evaluated by examining six emission types (NOx, SOx, CO2, CH4, N2O, and PM). Additionally, since there is a trade-off situation in government subsidies between the government and ship-owner interests, an optimisation and sensitivity analysis is performed by utilizing a combinatorial scenario model to determine optimum methanol price and external variables influencing the decision to support further use of methanol in the Indonesian market. An important finding was that Indonesia has certain advantages/drives to introduce methanol as a marine fuel. However, methanol competitiveness is mainly dependent on ship productivity and the price difference between methanol and marine diesel oil (MDO). Additionally, policy analysis (through an optimisation approach) could be one of the government options in order to determine the optimum condition in establishing methanol as a marine fuel. Finally, short, medium, and long term recommendations are also provided as the basis for future consideration.

The Potential of Methanol as an Alternative Marine Fuel for Indonesian Domestic Shipping

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (A2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Priyanto ◽  
A I OlÇer ◽  
D Dalaklis ◽  
F Ballini
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Ship Owner ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Scenario Model ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

This analysis aims to provide insight and to explore the future usage of methanol as an alternative marine fuel for domestic ships in Indonesia. An overview of potential application, analysis of resources availability, and stakeholder readiness on the topic are provided; related challenges are also identified and further examined. The potential performance of methanol as a fuel is discussed and evaluated via two different perspectives (the ship-owner perspective and the government one) through case studies of two passenger ships owned by the shipping company Pelayaran Indonesia (PELNI): MV. Labobar and MV. Gunung Dempo. As ship-owners tend to look very closely at the economic aspects, a feasibility study is performed by developing a combinatorial scenario approach based on the combination of economic measures of merit (NPV and payback period) along with a technical scenario (main-pilot fuel set-up); the variables included in the calculation are: ship age, ship productivity, and macro-economy conditions. Regarding the government perspective, the main issues are environmental protection and policy compliance. These issues are evaluated by examining six emission types (NOx, SOx, CO2, CH4, N2O, and PM). Additionally, since there is a trade-off situation in government subsidies between the government and ship-owner interests, an optimisation and sensitivity analysis is performed by utilizing a combinatorial scenario model to determine optimum methanol price and external variables influencing the decision to support further use of methanol in the Indonesian market. An important finding was that Indonesia has certain advantages/drives to introduce methanol as a marine fuel. However, methanol competitiveness is mainly dependent on ship productivity and the price difference between methanol and marine diesel oil (MDO). Additionally, policy analysis (through an optimisation approach) could be one of the government options in order to determine the optimum condition in establishing methanol as a marine fuel. Finally, short, medium, and long term recommendations are also provided as the basis for future consideration.

scholarly journals Examining Methanol as an Alternative Marine Fuel for Indonesian Domestic Ships

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Priyanto ◽  
A. I. Olcer ◽  
F Ballini
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Ship Owner ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Price Differences

The analysis in hand aims to provide insight and to explore the future usage of methanol as an alternative marine fuel for domestic ships in Indonesia. An overview of potential application, analysis of resources availability, and stakeholder readiness/overall views on the topic are provided; related challenges are also identified and further examined. The potential performance of methanol as a fuel is discussed and evaluated via two different perspectives (the ship-owner perspective and the government one), through case studies of two passenger ships owned by the shipping company Pelayaran Indonesia (PELNI): MV. Labobar and MV. Gunung Dempo. As ship-owners tend to look very closely at the economic aspects, a feasibility study is performed by developing a combinatorial scenario approach based on the combination of economic measures of merit (NPV and payback period) along with a technical scenario (main-pilot fuel set up); a few of the variables included in the calculation are: ship age, ship productivity, and macro-economy conditions. Regarding the government perspective, the issues of environmental protection and policy compliance are evaluated by examining six emission types (NOx, SOx, CO2, CH4, N2O, and PM). Additionally, since there is a trade-off situation in government subsidies between the government and ship-owner interests, an optimization and sensitivity analysis is performed by utilizing a combinatorial scenario model to determine optimum methanol price and external variables influencing the decision to support further use of methanol in the Indonesian market. An important finding was that Indonesia has certain advantages/drivers to introduce methanol as marine fuel. However, methanol competitiveness is mainly dependent on ship productivity and the price differences between methanol and marine diesel oil (MDO). Additionally, policy analysis (through an optimization approach) could be one of the government options in order to determine the optimum condition in establishing methanol as marine fuel. Finally, short, medium, and long term recommendations are also provided as the basis for future consideration.

MNCs from LDCs: The case of Indian joint ventures abroad*

1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
K. Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Failure Rate ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Overseas Investment ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

Though Indian joint ventures are of recent origin, and the initial failure rate is high, they are gradually being recognized by the Government of India and Indian businessmen as powerful instruments to secure a foothold in world markets. Many proposals, however, went abortive for lack of a long term strategic outlook on the part of either the entrepreneurs or the respective governments. In this set up, the author discusses how public policy in India and abroad seems to have provided a push to India's overseas investment efforts. But this is not enough. And Balakrishnan delineates how and what Indian investors abroad must do to succeed in their ventures. For this, viable strategies must be evolved to identify and exploit our long term opportunities. To facilitate this process, he gives a simple conceptual framework of the product market scope for Indian joint ventures abroad.

scholarly journals Regime Stability and the Persistence of Traditional Practices

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Michael Poyker
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Traditional Practices ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Regime Stability ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract I examine why the harmful tradition of female genital mutilation persists in certain countries while in others it has been eradicated. People are more willing to abandon their traditions if they are confident that the government is durable enough to set up long-term replacements for them. Using a country-ethnicity panel dataset spanning 23 countries from 1970 to 2013 and artificial partition of African ethnic groups by national borders, I show that a one-standard-deviation larger increase in political regime durability leads to a 0.1-standard-deviation larger decline in the share of newly-circumcised women, conditional on the presence of an anti-FGM government policy.

The Relationship between the Strategic Expulsion of the Douglas Steamship Company by the Japanese Colonial Governor-General of Taiwan and the Transportation of Mainland Chinese Workers during the Japanese Colonial Period in Taiwan

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsueh-hsin Wang (王學新)
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Power ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
Chinese Workers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
The Relationship

In the early days of Taiwan’s occupation by Japan, Douglas Lapraik & Co monopolized the nautical route between Tamshui and Xiamen across the Taiwan Strait, on which passengers and cargo transports were frequent. For Japan as a new colonial power, this undoubtedly was not something to be happy about. So Governor Kodama issued a secret order to osk to start the South China shipping route in March 1899, in order to drive out Douglas Co. from Taiwan. Owing to a subsidy from the Government-General of Taiwan, Ōsaka merchant shipping companies could cut down ticket fees to extreme depth, snatch away the customers of Douglas Co. and purchase her stocks secretly. This strategy made Douglas Co. suffered badly. People would have thought that Douglas Co. would go down all the way, but from the tea-manufacturing period of 1901 onwards, she drew up a new approach of Armageddon to snatch tea workers from the Mainland and transport them to Taiwan. Although this strategy seems to have been very successful, Douglas quit shipping around Taiwan since 1904. Why did Douglas Co. quit? According to the author’s research, the real cause is not long-term losses, but the implementation of the system of managing Chinese workers from October 1904 onwards. It seems clear, that the post of Chinese worker’s manager was set up to deal with the new approach of Douglas Co., because it facilitated the establishment of a monopoly for Douglas Co.’s main competitor, osk, so that the former lost the last glimmer of hope and could not but quit. (This article is in English.)

Maruti Udyog Limited

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
J K Satia ◽  
P S Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Order Books ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Transfer Problems

Maruti Udyog Ltd. (MUL) was set up in 1980 by the government to produce automobiles. By collaborating with Suzuki Motor Company in 1982, it was hoped that the famed Japanese style of management would catalyze the small and backward car industry and some of the others to which it was linked. Maruti got off to an excellent start by public sector standards. However, by 1985, fiscal, balance of payments, and technology transfer problems began to surface. With current order books winding down by 1990, questions arise as to MUL's mission, its product-market strategies, its pricing policy, and the value of Japanese participation. Questions also arise regarding the coherence, long term stability, and developmental aims of government's policy towards the automobile industry.

scholarly journals Battle of the Java Sea: One Event, Multiple Sites, Values and Views

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
M. R. Manders ◽  
R. W. de Hoop ◽  
S. Adhityatama ◽  
D. S. Bismoko ◽  
P. Syofiadisna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
The Future ◽  
Java Sea ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThree Dutch naval ships, HNLMS De Ruyter, HNLMS Java and HNLMS Kortenaer, were lost during the Battle of the Java Sea on 27 February 1942, claiming the lives of 915 sailors. Although the ships were relocated in 2002, no official action was taken until 2016 when an international diving team from the Karel Doorman Foundation discovered that the warships had disappeared. This created tension between the government of Indonesia and those countries that had lost ships in the archipelago, especially the Netherlands. A three-track cooperation agreement was set up to investigate the disappearance of the three Dutch wrecks with the aim of understanding what had happened, in order to create a better basis for cooperation in the future. The management and protection of shipwrecks from WWII is very complicated, because of the different values that stakeholders attach to them. Only with the proper understanding and consideration of the different values or significance WWII shipwrecks hold for different stakeholders can new ways of managing these complex sites be developed that have long-term effectiveness. This paper argues that different stakeholder groups from both the flag and the coastal state must work together on this issue.

Enforcing China’s Anti-Monopoly law in regulated industries: a study of the airline industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingmeng Cai ◽  
Jae Woon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Airline Industry ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Regulated Industries ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Since China enacted its Anti-Monopoly Law (AML) in 2007, foreign observers and business operators have constantly raised concerns as to whether the AML can inject a modern competition spirit into the world’s largest transitional economy or whether the AML will be overridden by policy objectives. These concerns become more obvious in industries that have been heavily regulated by the government. In this article, we choose the airline industry as a research target to explore possible ways to restrain industrial regulators from unduly interfering in competition and to reinforce the role of the AML. We focus on three kinds of administrative regulations in China’s domestic aviation market: limiting the threshold of market entry, price regulations, and subsidies. Then we analyse the policy objectives these regulations intend to achieve and their anti-competitive effects. Finally, we conclude with two suggestions from long-term and short-term perspectives: first, the newly established Fair Competition Review System (FCRS) should be effectively used to normalize and limit regulators’ policy-making authority. Moreover, the reviewing criteria should be made clearer and more meticulous to offer both FCRS reviewers and anti-monopoly agencies guidelines for assessing the effects of administrative behaviours on competition. Second, in the long term, industrial regulators are encouraged to set up competition-friendly industrial policies, embrace modern competition concepts in their traditional regulatory paradigm, and foster a competitive culture.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document