New Military Technologies: Dangers for International Security and Peace

New military technologies are being developed at a high pace, with the USA in the lead. Intended application areas are space weapons and ballistic missile defence, hypersonic missiles, autonomous weapon systems, and cyber war. Generic technologies include artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, synthetic biology and gene editing, and soldier enhancement. Problems for international security and peace - arms races and destabilisation - will likely result from properties shared by several technologies: wider availability, easier access, smaller systems; shorter times for attack, warning and decisions; and conventional-nuclear entanglement. Preventive arms control is urgently needed.

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IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT ON NATIONAL SECURITY

CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES ◽

10.33179/bsv.99.svi.11.cmc.22.1.7 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 109-128

Author(s):

MOJCA PEŠEC

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

National Security ◽

Control Systems ◽

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

International Security ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Weapon Systems ◽

Information Operations ◽

Intelligence Development ◽

And Control

The development of artificial intelligence will have a significant impact on international security and the use of a military instrument of power. One of the most important tasks for national security professionals and decision makers is thus to prepare for the repercussions of artificial intelligence development. In the development of military capabilities, artificial intelligence is integrated into intelligence, observation, control and reconnaissance applications, as well as into logistics, cyber operations, information operations, command and control systems, semi-autonomous and autonomous vehicles, and lethal autonomous weapon systems. The artificial intelligence revolution is not going to happen tomorrow. Therefore, pre-prepared policies and the knowledge shared by policy- and decision makers can help us manage the unknowns ahead. Ključne besede Artificial intelligence, national security, military instrument of power, military capabilities, decision-makers

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Operations of power in autonomous weapon systems: ethical conditions and socio-political prospects

AI & Society ◽

10.1007/s00146-020-01048-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nik Hynek ◽

Anzhelika Solovyeva

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Analytical Approach ◽

International Security ◽

Regulatory Framework ◽

Social Structures ◽

Weapon Systems ◽

Security Issues ◽

Global Regime ◽

Security Regimes

Abstract The purpose of this article is to provide a multi-perspective examination of one of the most important contemporary security issues: weaponized, and especially lethal, artificial intelligence. This technology is increasingly associated with the approaching dramatic change in the nature of warfare. What becomes particularly important and evermore intensely contested is how it becomes embedded with and concurrently impacts two social structures: ethics and law. While there has not been a global regime banning this technology, regulatory attempts at establishing a ban have intensified along with acts of resistance and blocking coalitions. This article aims to reflect on the prospects and limitations, as well as the ethical and legal intensity, of the emerging regulatory framework. To allow for such an investigation, a power-analytical approach to studying international security regimes is utilized.

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New Technologies & Strategic Stability

Daedalus ◽

10.1162/daed_a_01795 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 149 (2) ◽

pp. 150-170

Author(s):

Christopher F. Chyba

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Decision Making ◽

New Technologies ◽

Arms Control ◽

Direct Impact ◽

Weapon Systems ◽

Major Powers ◽

Strategic Stability ◽

Enabling Technologies ◽

And Diffusion

A variety of new technologies, ranging from broad enabling technologies to specific weapon systems, may threaten or enhance strategic stability. In this essay, I analyze a technology's potential to significantly affect stability along three axes: the pace of advances in, and diffusion of, this technology; the technology's implications for deterrence and defense; and the technology's potential for direct impact on crisis decision-making. I apply this framework to examples including hypersonic weapons, antisatellite weapons, artificial intelligence, and persistent overhead monitoring. Formal arms control to contain dangers posed by some of these seems technically possible, though currently politically difficult to achieve. Others, particularly enabling technologies, resist arms control based on effective verification. The major powers will therefore instead have to find other ways to cope with these technologies and their implications. These options should include exchanges with potential adversaries so that pathways to nuclear escalation, and possible mitigating steps, can be identified and discussed.

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Synthetic Biology and Artificial Intelligence: Toward Cross-Fertilization

Complex Systems ◽

10.25088/complexsystems.27.3.i ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. i-vii

Author(s):

Luisa Damiano ◽

◽

Yutetsu Kuruma ◽

Pasquale Stano ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Synthetic Biology ◽

Cross Fertilization

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Application of Artificial Intelligence in COVID-19 Pandemic: Bibliometric Analysis

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9040441 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 441

Author(s):

Md. Mohaimenul Islam ◽

Tahmina Nasrin Poly ◽

Belal Alsinglawi ◽

Li-Fong Lin ◽

Shuo-Chen Chien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Bibliometric Analysis ◽

English Language ◽

R Package ◽

Research Area ◽

Republic Of China ◽

Comprehensive Picture ◽

The Usa ◽

The Republic ◽

Academy Of Sciences

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) to health has increased, including to COVID-19. This study aimed to provide a clear overview of COVID-19-related AI publication trends using longitudinal bibliometric analysis. A systematic literature search was conducted on the Web of Science for English language peer-reviewed articles related to AI application to COVID-19. A search strategy was developed to collect relevant articles and extracted bibliographic information (e.g., country, research area, sources, and author). VOSviewer (Leiden University) and Bibliometrix (R package) were used to visualize the co-occurrence networks of authors, sources, countries, institutions, global collaborations, citations, co-citations, and keywords. We included 729 research articles on the application of AI to COVID-19 published between 2020 and 2021. PLOS One (33/729, 4.52%), Chaos Solution Fractals (29/729, 3.97%), and Journal of Medical Internet Research (29/729, 3.97%) were the most common journals publishing these articles. The Republic of China (190/729, 26.06%), the USA (173/729, 23.73%), and India (92/729, 12.62%) were the most prolific countries of origin. The Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences were the most productive institutions. This is the first study to show a comprehensive picture of the global efforts to address COVID-19 using AI. The findings of this study also provide insights and research directions for academic researchers, policymakers, and healthcare practitioners who wish to collaborate in these domains in the future.

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