scholarly journals Reflectance Measurements on Cultural Heritage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Alvarez Fernandez-Balbuena ◽  
Daniel Vázquez Moliní ◽  
Ángela Gómez-Manzanares ◽  
Juan Carlos Martínez-Antón ◽  
Santiago Mayorga Pinilla
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Reflectance Measurement ◽  
Spectrally Selective ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Reflectance Measurements ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

Cultural heritage is a valuable and characteristic symbol of every country. It should be handled with care and it must be exhaustively investigated and measured with non-destructive techniques. In this chapter, we will talk about different reflectance measurement techniques to obtain the conservation state of the artwork. With this reflectance characterization, conservators, and curators could soon determine the best maintenance procedures for restoration purposes. Also, a new technique for lighting will be discussed, where the artwork can be also photonically restored illuminating with the correct light in the desired area of the artwork using a spectrally selective projection system.

Glass Decoration Elements – History and Technology

2008 ◽  
Vol 39-40 ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Greiner-Wronowa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Glass Production ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Production Development ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques ◽  
Glass Decoration

Glass decoration elements have been known for centuries. Many of them are preserved in a good shape. Actually the glass production development was started from tiny pieces called glass beads. Some of these products belong to very important historical objects which undergoing conservator activity to preserve our cultural heritage. To realize such enterprise very detailed research should be done. This paper is about testing of different glass decoration elements which belong to historical objects, in order to get information about their history and technology production. This research was carried out on small pieces of glass borrowed from historical objects in partnership between AGH - Technical University of Science and Technology and four different conservator groups. Testing made use of non-destructive techniques, like: EDS, FTIR, AFM.

scholarly journals A comprehensive study for moisture control in cultural heritage using non-destructive techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 36-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Martínez-Garrido ◽  
R. Fort ◽  
M. Gómez-Heras ◽  
J. Valles-Iriso ◽  
M.J. Varas-Muriel
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Moisture Control ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Optical Methods in Stress Measurement

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-120
Author(s):  
Karpagaraj Anbalagan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Optical Method ◽  
Loading Condition ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

Stress will be produced in most of the engineering components related to their manufacturing process or because of their loading condition. For some special cases, both types also combined together and produce stress. Manufacturing processes like casting, welding, machining, and hot forming are creating the stress in the components. This stress will produce due to alteration of the microstructure (size, shape, phase composition, and orientation). Loading conditions are also produced stresses in the engineering components. This stress may be classified into compression, shear, tension, and fatigue. These depend on the load. Measuring the stresses in the components is very important because it can save a lot in terms of money, material, and manpower. A lot of techniques are used in industries to measure the stresses. Based on that, measurement techniques are broadly classified into two category, namely destructive and non-destructive techniques. Each method has its own advantages and limitations too. In this chapter, the optical method of measuring stress is discussed briefly.

scholarly journals Monitoring and Evaluation of Sandstone Decay Adopting Non-Destructive Techniques: On-Site Application on Building Stones

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1287-1301
Author(s):  
Teresa Salvatici ◽  
Sara Calandra ◽  
Irene Centauro ◽  
Elena Pecchioni ◽  
Emanuele Intrieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Building Stone ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

This paper focuses on the characterization approach to evaluate the decay state of Pietra Serena of historic buildings in Florence (Italy). Pietra Serena is a Florentine sandstone largely used in the city especially during the Renaissance; it is a symbol of cultural heritage of Florence and constitutes a large part of the city center, which was named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. Unfortunately, many environmental factors negatively affect the stone, increasing damage and the danger of falling material. Any detachment of stone fragments, in addition to constitute a loss in cultural heritage, can be dangerous for citizens and the many tourists that visit the city. The use of non-destructive techniques (NDTs) as ultrasonic and Schmidt hammer tests can quantitatively define some mechanical properties and help to monitor the decay degree of building stone. In this study, the NDTs were combined with mineralogical, petrographical, chemical and physical analyses to investigate the stone materials, in order to correlate their features with the characteristics of the different artefacts in Pietra Serena. Correlations between the NDTs results and the compositional characteristics of the on-site stone were carried out; such discussion allows to identify zones of weakness and dangerous unstable elements.

scholarly journals Assessment of seed quality using non-destructive measurement techniques: a review

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisur Rahman ◽  
Byoung-Kwan Cho
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Variety Identification ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Destructive Measurement ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

AbstractSeed quality is of great importance in optimizing the cost of crop establishment. Rapid and non-destructive seed quality detection methods must therefore be developed for agriculture and the seed production industry. This review focuses primarily on non-destructive techniques, namely machine vision, spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, soft X-ray imaging, thermal imaging and electronic nose techniques, for assessing the quality of agricultural seeds. The fundamentals of these techniques are introduced. Seed quality, including chemical composition, variety identification and classification, insect damage and disease assessment as well as seed viability and germinability of various seeds are discussed. We conclude that non-destructive techniques are accurate detection methods with great potential for seed quality assessment.

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