scholarly journals Decentralization and Solid Waste Management in Urbanizing Ghana: Moving beyond the Status Quo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kyere ◽  
Michael Addaney ◽  
Jonas Ayaribilla Akudugu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The Status

Alternative strategies towards a sustainable municipal solid waste management system: A case study in Cairo

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 995-1006
Author(s):  
Sarah ElSaid ◽  
El Houssaine Aghezzaf
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management System ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management System ◽  
The Status

Major cities in transitional and developing countries are facing the ever-growing challenge of managing solid waste in a sustainable manner. While a variety of treatments exist for solid waste, cities are in need of a sustainable integrated municipal solid waste management (MSWM) system. Such a system is meant to assist them in selecting and investing in an appropriate combination of treatments for the waste they generate, depending on the composition and quantity of this waste. This study presents a systems analysis of the MSWM in Cairo. A constrained non-linear mathematical model is developed to represent an underlying model of a MSWM system, with six waste material flows (cardboard and paper, plastics, metals, glass, organic material, and others). The developed model depicts combinations of five treatment alternatives (composting, anaerobic digestion, mechanical biological treatment, incineration, and landfilling). The treatment methods and their capacity are determined by the model, indicating possible optimal design solutions and recommendations. Starting with an evaluation of the status quo of the MSWM system in Cairo, the paper proposes a staged strategy, involving investigating improvements to the current mixed-waste management system, then exploring the possibility of introducing at-source waste sorting. The environmental and economic implications of different scenarios are analyzed and compared. A material flow analysis, including input data uncertainties, is also conducted by applying substance flow analysis. This analysis shows the difference between the status quo and the proposed improved solutions for diverting waste from landfills and, thus, decreasing carbon dioxide emissions.

SOLID WASTE TO THEME BASED PARKS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH, INDIA: A HEALTHY, SUSTAINABLE, ECO-FRIENDLY AND SKILLED INITIATIVE FOR ENTREPRENEURS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. S. Radhakrishnan . ◽  
Mrs. Sunita Yadav ◽  
Dr. Bhagwan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Status

Waste is generated by various day to day human activities. Adopting improper waste handling and disposal methods can harm the well-being of public and environment. Waste management creates new opportunities for entrepreneurs in terms of social causes and it affects the economic structure and economic status of any country. One of the new approaches in waste management and income generation is Social entrepreneurship. But in Bharat i.e. India the young entrepreneurs have a dearth of consciousness towards social entrepreneurship. This paper discusses the status of solid waste management in India and Government initiatives for managing Solid Waste at Dharamshala. The main objectives of study are 1) to check awareness of people in managing solid waste at Dharamsala 2) and how to convert the plastic waste into theme based parks as skilled initiative for entrepreneurs at tourist spots in Himachal Pradesh. The paper thus explores the scope for entrepreneurs in waste management. The study reveals that Solid waste management concept attracted the attention of government around 1970s. But till now we believe in filling the waste in the ground or putting them in the dustbin. Government of India has created few acts and rules on waste management which are listed in this paper. Through this study it is revealed that people of Dharamshala welcome to the construction of themed parks made from plastic bottles. Majority of these people believe in separating waste at home and according to them conditions of waste disposal at Dharamshala are not very good. There is a positive correlation between people’s opinion of constructing theme parks and using plastic bottles in park’s construction. Study believes that the quantity of plastic waste in our country is endless which creates lot scope and opportunity to the social entrepreneurs.

Solid Waste Management in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
pp. 287-305
Author(s):  
Telesphore Kabera
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Waste Management Policy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Solid Waste Generation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Owned Company ◽  
Waste Generation Rate ◽  
The City

This chapter aims to describe the status and challenges of waste management (WM) in Rwanda. Currently, waste is managed by the Ministry of Local Government, with the participation of private companies which are only in charge of waste collection. In the city of Kigali, waste is managed by the city of Kigali whereas in other four remaining provinces waste is managed by the districts. Implementation of waste management policy is carried out by a government-owned company called Water and Sanitation Corporation (WASAC) Ltd. The per capita solid waste generation rate in the city of Kigali is equal to 0.57 kg/person/day. A lot of legislations and regulations on WM are in place but their enforcement is weak. The Government of Rwanda should do more in terms of enforcing WM legislations and regulations.

scholarly journals Survey of Solid Waste Management Status in Academic Centers: Case Study in a Military University

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Masoumbeigi Hossein ◽  
Safavi Seyed Abbas ◽  
Yousefi khoraem Mohammad ◽  
Mahmoudi Norouz
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Characterization Studies

Background: Planning and optimum waste management as the first step has need to waste characterization studies including the existing status, quantity and quality (physical composition) of generated solid waste at University. The aim of this study was evaluation of the existing situation, identification of the quantity and quality of solid waste in one of Iranian military universities. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional research was done in one of the Iranian military universities. The status of waste management was determined using self-made checklist (valid and reliable) and site visits and documents analysis. Quantity, quality, and physical analysis of waste was determined by weighting via trained personnel. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 18 software and descriptive statistical methods. Results: Existing situation of waste management which has 58 score was weak in comparison with desirable situation as 112 score. The average weight, capitation and density of the waste were 419 kg/d, 288 gpc/d and 105.3 kg/m3 respectively. Putrescible waste 40.15%, paper and cardboard 13.99%, soft plastics 13.10%, dried plastics 6.35%, wood and plant waste 6.14%, glass 5.64% and ferrous metals 0.82% were the predominant components. Conclusion: Despite separation of valuable dry wastes, waste management status in this university is not desirable. . 40% of total wastes were valuable and recyclable. Recycle is a best-recommended procedure, which can lead to volume and capitation reduction and decreasing of collection, transport and disposal costs nearly 50%.  

scholarly journals Assessment of status of solid waste management in Asella town, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorfnesh Lema ◽  
Million Getachew Mesfun ◽  
Amade Eshete ◽  
Gizachew Abdeta
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Status

Abstract Background Improper solid waste management (SWM) is a major public health and environmental concern in the urban areas of many developing countries such as Asella Town. The aim of this study was to assess the status of SWM in Asella town. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study design was used to assess the status of improper SWM and associated factors in Asella town. From the total of eight kebeles (smallest administrative unit in Ethiopia) four kebeles were randomly selected using lottery method. The sample size was 413 households. The households were proportionally allocated to each randomly selected kebeles. The data was collected by pretested questionnaire in the local language. Data was entered using statistical software Epi Info version seven and transferred to SPSS version 21. Descriptive data analysis was done to summarize the socioeconomic status of the respondents. Chi-square was used to show the association between the status of solid waste management and different variables. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the potential factors for improper SWM. Result 332 (82.8%), had improper solid waste management practice. Lack of adequate knowledge about solid waste management and not having access to door to door solid waste collection could have contributed to the reported improper solid waste practice. Participants who didn’t have access to door to door solid waste collection service were about three times more likely to practice improper solid waste management when compared to those who had access (AOR = 2.873, 95 CI (1.565,5.273) P = 0.001). Conclusion The study finding showed that, the majority of the residents practiced improper solid waste management. Lack of adequate knowledge about solid waste management and not having access to door to door solid waste collection could have contributed to the reported improper solid waste practice. Therefore, there is a need to enhance the awareness of the community about proper SWM and to improve the door to door solid waste collection service by the town municipality.

scholarly journals The Status of International Collaboration in Writing Specialised Articles on Water Pollution, Air Pollution and Solid Waste Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aram Tirgar ◽  
Zahra Aghalari ◽  
Mika Sillanpää
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status

Abstract BackgroundConducting research and writing articles in the three specialised fields of environmental health, air pollution, water pollution and solid waste management through collaboration between Iranian and international researchers lead to information exchange, science advancement and environmental problem-solving. This study therefore aimed to determine the status of international collaboration in writing specialised articles on water and air pollution and solid waste management.MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over twelve years (2008-2019) by reviewing all articles published in the fields of air pollution, water pollution and solid waste management in five specialised environmental health journals. All articles were downloaded after visiting the journal site. The full text of the articles was reviewed and articles that matched the purpose of the study were included in it. Data were collected using a researcher-made checklist. The information included in the checklist was the number of articles published and the status of the authors' participation in terms of number, gender, country and continent in each of the fields of water pollution, air pollution and solid waste management. Statistical analysis of data was performed using a T-test. VOS viewer software was used to visualise the data and chart the extent of the international authors' involvement with Iranian researchers from different continents and countries.ResultsA review of 1,679 articles in 135 editions of five specialised environmental health journals revealed that 883 of the articles were in the fields of water and air pollution and solid waste management and 123 of the articles were written by international researchers. The top continents concerning collaboration in writing articles with Iran were Asia, Africa and Europe, respectively, with 70, 22, and 19 articles. In all three fields, India had the highest scientific participation with Iran. The gender distribution of the authors in these 123 articles with the participation of international authors showed that of the 406 authors, 35.7% were female and 65.3% were male and, for articles with just Iranian authors, 28.6% were female and 72.4% were male. The T-test for comparing the mean number of male and female authors in each article with and without the participation of international researchers showed no significant difference.ConclusionsBased on their findings and comparisons with other research on the amount of scientific contributions by international researchers in other countries, it was found that the extent of international participation in the compilation of articles on water pollution, air pollution and solid waste management was large. However, given the low proportion of European and American collaboration in articles, it seems necessary to adopt ways to attract more researchers from advanced countries in the fields of air pollution, water pollution and solid waste management.

Municipal solid waste management: Constraints and opportunities to improve capacity of local government authorities of Phnom Penh Capital

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 985-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vin Spoann ◽  
Takeshi Fujiwara ◽  
Bandith Seng ◽  
Chanthy Lay
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Performance

Solid waste management is a challenge for Phnom Penh city owing to the increasing volume of waste produced and insufficient collection capacity. Sustainable management is required in response to continuing population growth and urbanisation. This article aims to examine the status and constraints of solid waste management in Phnom Penh and discuss the performance of local government authorities to propose possible mechanisms and strategies to improve the system. Data were collected through literature reviews, key informant interviews and focus group discussions with the local government authorities. Six performance measures were used as assessment variables, including technical, environmental, institutional and organisational, financial and economic, social and cultural, and policy and legal factors. Limited institutional capacity and performance are the consequence of insufficient decentralisation power and allocation of budget and workforce for promoting technological and environmentally sustainable practices. Lack of cooperation and coordination among relevant agencies led to their unwillingness to participate in management performance. A decentralisation and provision of management services in the public–private partnership would enable operational procedures that enhance accountability, transparency, efficiency, and productivity at the local level.

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