scholarly journals Nonlinear Optical Responsive Molecular Switches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadevappa Y. Kariduraganavar ◽  
Radha V. Doddamani ◽  
Balachandar Waddar ◽  
Saidi Reddy Parne
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Optical Switches ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nlo Materials

Nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have gained much attention during the last two decades owing to their potentiality in the field of optical data storage, optical information processing, optical switching, and telecommunication. NLO responsive macroscopic devices possess extensive applications in our day to day life. Such devices are considered as assemblies of several macroscopic components designed to achieve specific functions. The extension of this concept to the molecular level forms the basis of molecular devices. In this context, the design of NLO switches, that is, molecules characterized by their ability to alternate between two or more chemical forms displaying contrasts in one of their NLO properties, has motivated many experimental and theoretical works. Thus, this chapter focuses on the rational design of molecular NLO switches based on stimuli and materials with extensive examples reported in the literature. The factors affecting the efficiency of optical switches are discussed. The device fabrication of optical switches and their efficiency based on the optical switch, internal architecture, and substrate materials are described. In the end, applications of switches and future prospectus of designing new molecules with references are suitably discussed.

scholarly journals Optical Isomerization and Photo-Patternable Properties of GeO2/Ormosils Organic-Inorganic Composite Films Doped with Azobenzene

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Xuehua Zhang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Shun Liu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Fangren Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Single Chip ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Inorganic Composite

GeO2/organically modified silane (ormosils) organic-inorganic composite films containing azobenzene were prepared by combining sol-gel technology and spin coating method. Optical waveguide properties including the refractive index and thickness of the composite films were characterized by using a prism coupling instrument. Surface morphology and photochemical properties of the composite films were investigated by atomic force microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Results indicate that the composite films have smooth and neat surface, and excellent optical waveguide performance. Photo-isomerization properties of the composite films were studied by using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Optical switching performance of the composite films was also studied under the alternating exposure of 365 nm ultraviolet light and 410 nm visible light. Finally, strip waveguides and microlens arrays were built in the composite films through a UV soft imprint technique. Based on the above results, we believe that the prepared composite films are promising candidates for micro-nano optics and photonic applications, which would allow directly integrating the optical data storage and optical switching devices onto a single chip.

Two-step nonlinear optical switch in a hydrogen-bonded perovskite-type crystal

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Ni Hua ◽  
Wan-Ying Zhang ◽  
Ping-Ping Shi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Interactions ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Nlo Materials ◽  
Perovskite Type ◽  
Broad Interest ◽  
Type Crystal

Switchable nonlinear optical (NLO) materials have aroused broad interest on account of their captivating optical and electronic properties. We demonstrate a novel perovskite-type crystal with exceptional hydrogen bond interactions that...

Recent Progress of Electro-optic Polymers for Device Applications

1997 ◽  
Vol 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex K-Y. Jen ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Seth R. Marder ◽  
Larry R. Dalton ◽  
Ching-Fong Shu
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Material System ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Device Applications

AbstractElectro-optic (E-O) polymers have drawn great interest in recent years because of their potential applications in photonics devices such as high speed modulators and switches, optical data storage and information processing1–2. In order to have suitable materials for device fabrication, it is essential to design and develop polymeric material systems (active and passive polymers) with matched refractive indices, large E-O coefficients, good temporal and photochemical stability3–8 The E-O response of an active polymer commonly arises from the electric field induced alignment of its second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore, either doped as a guest/host system or covalently bonded as a side-chain. Because of the strong interaction among the electric dipoles, the poled structure is in a meta-stable state; the poled NLO chromophores which possess large dipole moment will tend to relax back to the randomly oriented state. As a result, the stability of the poled structure strongly depends on the rigidity of the overall material system. As it might be expected, the continuous increases of the rigidity and Tg of poled polymers imposes constraints on the selection of suitable chromophores that can survive the hightemperature poling and processing conditions. To circumvent this problem, we have developed a series of chromophores that possess conformation-locked geometry and perfluoro-dicyanovinylsubstituted electron-accepting group which demonstrate both good thermal stabilty and nonlinearity. This paper provides a brief review of these highly efficient and thermally stable chromophores and polymers for device applications.

scholarly journals Syntheses and Nonlinear Optical (NLO) Properties of Ru(II) and Pt(II) - Acetylide Dendrimers: تحضير ودراسة الخصائص الضوئية غير الخطية لمركبات أسيتيليد الروثينيوم والبلاتينيوم الشجرية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Mohammed Alanazi
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Nlo Properties ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Molecular Weights

Organometallic dendrimers and its applications have been introduced. Bis((4-(phenylethynyl)phenyl)ethynyl)bis-(tributylphosphine)platinum(II) with dendritic acetonide end groups have been synthesised by the divergent method. 1,3,5-benzyl(4-ethynyl(phenylethynyl))-trans-[Ru(dppe)2]ethynyl-3,5-phenyl{4-ethynyl(phenylethynyl)-trans-[Ru(4-(phenylethynyl))(dppe)2]}2)3 with nine dialkynylruthenium centers have been synthesised by convergent method. Optical power limiting measurements performed at 532 nm show that the OPL properties improve with increasing size of the dendritic substituent. Z-scan measurements carried out at different pulse-repetition frequencies show that the two-photon absorption cross-section is 10 GM. Significant increase in NLO properties seen on generation increase is maintained when the coefficients are scaled by the number of metal atoms, the dendrimer molecular weights, or hyperpolarizability (π-delocalizable electrons) in the dendritic structures. Nonlinear optical (NLO) properties are required for various applications, including the processing of optical signals, optical data storage, nanophotonics, and biophotonics.

A2BA2-Type Amphiphilic Liquid Crystalline Block Copolymers by ATRP: Synthesis and Characterization

2010 ◽  
Vol 428-429 ◽  
pp. 154-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin De Tang ◽  
Nian Feng Han ◽  
Jing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Optical Switch ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Hexyl Methacrylate

A2BA2-type amphiphilic liquid crystalline block copolymers containing azobenzene were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The macroinitiator prepared by the esterification reaction between poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and 2,2-dichloroacetyl chloride was used to initiate the ATRP of 6-[4-(4-ethoxyphenylazo)phenoxy]hexyl methacrylate (M6C). The resulting macroinitiator and block copolymers were characterized by 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) preliminarily revealed the liquid crystalline property of these block copolymers. These novel amphiphilic liquid crystalline block copolymers are promising in some areas, such as optical data storage, optical switch, and molecular devices.

Facile and fast photosensing of polarity by stimuli-responsive materials based on spiropyran for reusable sensors: a physico-chemical study on the interactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (26) ◽  
pp. 6588-6600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Abdollahi ◽  
Zeinab Alinejad ◽  
Ali Reza Mahdavian
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Chemical Sensors ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Responsive Materials ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Physico Chemical

Stimuli-responsive materials based on spiropyran, which show reversible solvatochromism and photochromism under UV irradiation, could be used for advanced devices such as chemical sensors, optical data storage devices, and optical switching displays.

Free-Space Integrated Optics Realized by Surface-Micromachining

1997 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 283-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Wu ◽  
L. Y. Lin ◽  
S. S. Lee ◽  
C. R. King
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Systems ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Optical Bench ◽  
Surface Micromachining ◽  
Free Space Optical ◽  
Optical Elements

A surface-micromachined free-space micro-optical bench (FS-MOB) technology has been proposed to monolithically integrate micro-optical elements, optomechanical structures, micropositioners, and microactuators on the same substrate. Novel three-dimensional micro-optical elements have been fabricated by surface-micromachining techniques. The optical axes of these optical elements are parallel to the substrate, which enables the entire free-space optical system to be integrated on a single substrate. Mocro-scale Fresnel lenses, refractive microlenses, mirrors, beam-splitters, gratings, and precision optical mounts have been successfully fabricated and characterized. Integration of micro-optical elements with translation or rotation stages provides on chip optical alignment or optomechanical switching. This new free-space micro-optical bench technology could significantly reduce the size, weight, an cost of most optical systems, and could have a significant impact on optical switching, optical sensing and optical data storage systems as well as packaging of optoelectronic components.

Nonlinear optical photoresponsive polymer for reversible optical data storage

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. Kim ◽  
Lian Li ◽  
Ru J. Jeng ◽  
Jayant Kumar ◽  
Michael A. Fiddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data

Bulk crystal growth and nonlinear optical characterization of a stilbazolium derivative crystal: 4-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-l methylpyridinium tetraphenylborate (DSTPB) for NLO device fabrication

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (97) ◽  
pp. 79298-79308 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Senthil ◽  
S. Kalainathan ◽  
Fumio Hamada ◽  
Yoshihiko Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Switching ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Laser Damage Threshold ◽  
Organic Crystals ◽  
Bulk Crystal Growth ◽  
Surface Laser

The search for organic crystals with highly efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) properties with a high surface laser damage threshold (LDT) has become more of a demand in the frontier areas of optical switching and communications applications.

scholarly journals Transition metals induce control of enhanced NLO properties of functionalized organometallic complexes under laser modulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Taboukhat ◽  
N. Kichou ◽  
J.-L. Fillaut ◽  
O. Alévêque ◽  
K. Waszkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Organometallic Complexes ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Optical Data

Abstract The molecular engineering of organometallic complexes has recently attracted renewed interest on account of their potential technological applications for optoelectronics in general and optical data storage. The transition metal which induces control of enhanced nonlinear optical properties of functionalized organometallic complexes versus not only the intensity but also the polarization of the incident laser beam is original and important for all optical switching. This makes organometallic complexes valuable and suitable candidates for nonlinear optical applications. In the present work, we report the synthesis and full characterization of four organometallic complexes consisting of N, N-dibutylamine and azobenzene fragments but differ by auxiliary alkynyl ligands or metal cations. Thus, a ferrocenyl derivative 1 and three ruthenium complexes 2–4 have been prepared. The nonlinear optical properties of the four new azo-based ruthenium and iron organometallic complexes in the solid state, using polymethylmethacrylate as matrix, have been thoroughly studied. This concept is extended to computing the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the considered complexes, dipole moment, first and second order hyperpolarizabilities using the 6–31 + G(d,p) + LANL2DZ mixed basis set. The second and third nonlinear optical properties of the resulting polymer composites were obtained by measuring SHG and THG response by means of the Maker fringe technique using a laser generating at 1,064 nm with a 30 ps pulse duration. The values of the second and third order NLO susceptibilities of the four organometallic complexes were found to be higher than the common references used. Theoretical calculation shows that the large first and second order hyperpolarizablities are caused by strong intramolecular charge transfer between the transition metal parts and the ligands though a conjugated transmitter. These results indicate that the present organometallic complexes are valuable candidates for optoelectronic and photonic applications.

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