Bio-Ethanol Production from Fruit and Vegetable Waste by Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Waste from the food is a challenge to the environment all over the globe, hence there is need to be recycled. Vegetables and fruits biomass is a resource of renewable energy with significant fuel source potential for the production of electricity and steam, fuel for consumption and laboratory solvents. Bioethanol derived from biomass contributed 10–14% of the total world energy supply and solved the world crisis such as global warming and depletion of fossil fuel. Presently, bioethanol is a global issue on the efforts to reduced global pollution, contributed significantly by the petroleum or diesel combustion or combination of both. Vegetables and fruits waste significantly contains high sugar which can be utilized and serve as a raw material in the production of renewable energy using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Though 80% of the current bioethanol are generated from edible materials such as starch and sugar. Biomass from lignocellulosic gathered more attention recently. The objective of this review is to account for the procedures involved in the production of bioethanol from biomass of fruits and vegetable waste through a fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this chapter, we discussed the biomass preparation and fermentation techniques for bioethanol and reviewed the results of different fruits and vegetable waste. We found pineapple and orange fruit biomass contain a higher amount of bioethanol and easier to extract than the other fruit and vegetable wastes. Recent review coined out that dry biomass of fruit and vegetable is a promising feedstock in the utilization of bioethanol production.

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Comparison of Conventional and Novel Pre-treatment Methods for Bioethanol Production from Fruit and Vegetable Wastes

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly ◽

10.15255/cabeq.2019.1738 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 471-483

Author(s):

Tugba Keskin

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

The Other ◽

Yeast Fermentation ◽

Bioethanol Production ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

Bacterial Fermentation ◽

Waste Gas ◽

Clostridium Ljungdahlii ◽

Vegetable Wastes ◽

Pre Treatment

In this study, novel and conventional techniques for the production of bioethanol from fruit and vegetable wastes (FVWs) by yeast and bacterial fermentation were investigated experimentally. Different pretreatment techniques (acid, heat, acid/heat, and microwave) for yeast fermentation were compared. Maximum ethanol concentrations of 11.7 and 11.8 g L–1 were observed from acid/heat and microwave pretreatment, respectively, by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. On the other hand, biochar production from FVWs and syngas fermentation from the waste gas of this process were integrated. From waste gas with 12 % CO content, 5.5 g L–1 and 2.5 g L–1 ethanol production was observed by using anaerobic mixed culture and Clostridium ljungdahlii, respectively. The overall results emphasize the potential of bioethanol production from FVWs by economically feasible and environmentally friendly methods.

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Biochar from vegetable wastes: agro-environmental characterization

Biochar ◽

10.1007/s42773-020-00069-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 439-453 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Snigdhendubala Pradhan ◽

Ali H. Abdelaal ◽

Kamal Mroue ◽

Tareq Al-Ansari ◽

Hamish R. Mackey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Pyrolysis Temperature ◽

Dominant Factor ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Corn Cob ◽

Particle Size Fractions ◽

Global Issue ◽

Vegetable Wastes ◽

Optimal Values ◽

Different Characteristics

AbstractConsidering the global issue of vegetable wastes generation and its impact on the environment and resources, this study evaluated the conversion of four largely produced vegetable wastes (cauliflower, cabbage, banana peels and corn cob residues) into biochar. Each waste was tested individually and as a combined blend to assess feedstock influences on biochar properties. In addition, various pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 600 °C and two particle size fractions (less than 75 µm, 75–125 µm) were considered. Biochars were characterized for various properties that can influence the biochars’ effectiveness as a soil amendment. It was found that pyrolysis temperature was the most dominant factor on biochar properties, but that individual feedstocks produced biochars with different characteristics. The biochars had characteristics that varied as follows: pH 7.2–11.6, ECE 0.15–1.00 mS cm−1, CEC 17–cmolc kg−1 and ζ-potential − 0.24 to − 43 mV. Based on optimal values of these parameters from the literature, cauliflower and banana peels were determined to be the best feedstocks, though mixed vegetable waste also produced good characteristics. The optimum temperature for pyrolysis was around 400 °C, but differed slightly (300–500 °C) depending on the distinct feedstock. However, smaller particle size of biochar application was always optimal. Biochar yields were in the range of 20–30% at this temperature range, except for corn cobs which were higher. This study demonstrates that pyrolysis of dried vegetable wastes is a suitable waste valorization approach to produce biochar with good agricultural properties.

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Effect of Different Mass Ratios of Straws and Vegetable Wastes on Co-Composting

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.922 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1010-1012 ◽

pp. 922-927

Author(s):

Xin Cui ◽

Yong Chao Yang

Keyword(s):

Phosphorus Content ◽

Ph Value ◽

Physical Property ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Raw Material ◽

Total Carbon ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Total Carbon Content ◽

Mass Ratios ◽

Vegetable Wastes

The effects of different raw material ratios on straws and vegetable wastes co-composting were investigated in pilot scale. The evolution of physical property (temperature, pH value, electrical conductivity (EC)) and nutrient substance (total carbon content (TC), total phosphorus content (TP), total nitrogen content (TN), C/N ratio) of composting were measured in order to research effects of different raw material ratios on the quality and maturity of composting products. Results showed that The temperature of P3 can reach above 50oC for 5 days and the time of high temperature for P3 was longer than P1 (2 d) and P2 (4 d). Compared with P1 (8.23 ms/cm) and P2 (7.63 ms/cm), the final EC value of P3 was 7.33 ms/cm which was lowest of the three piles and P3 had the lowest resistance on plants. At the end of the composting process, TC of P1, P2 and P3 have decreased about 30%, while the content of TN and TP has not changed significantly. The initial C/N ratio of P3 was 23.33, and the final C/N ratio was 12.08. Results indicated that the mass ratios of straw and vegetable waste on 7:3 was the most effective to compost and the compost quality and maturity of P3 was best among the three piles.

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Anaerobic Co-digestion of Fruit and Vegetable Waste and Sewage Sludge

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.2202/1542-6580.1439 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Maria Cristina Rizk ◽

Rosangela Bergamasco ◽

Célia Regina Granhen Tavares

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Organic Load ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

The World ◽

Vegetable Wastes

Fruit and vegetable wastes are generated in large quantities around the world. This kind of residue constitutes a source of nuisance in municipal landfills because of its high biodegradability. Another residue that is generated in large quantities around the world and also constitutes a source of nuisance is the sewage sludge. Both residues can be treated together by the anaerobic co-digestion process. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the anaerobic co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste and sewage sludge, in order to monitor the waste stabilization time and the biogas generation, among others. The study was conducted in a 70 litter stainless steel anaerobic reactor, with no mixing system, at room temperature (25±5ºC), during a period of 105 days. The fruit and vegetable wastes were collected in a central distribution market for food, and were shredded and blended before the experiment. The seed inoculum was collected in an anaerobic domestic sewage station of treatment. The parameters analyzed were: chemical oxygen demand, C/N and C/N/P ratios, pH, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, and biogas generation. The results showed that the chemical oxygen demand was reduced around 20%. The parameters, pH, alkalinity and volatile fatty acids were stabilized, but the C/N wasnt stabilized. The final value obtained for C/N ratio was around 20/1. The biogas generation was around 331 litters and most of the biogas production occurred during the first month of the experiment. The low chemical oxygen demand removal, the high C/N ratio and the biogas generation almost always in the first few days of the experiment probably indicate that this residue, although being organic, presents difficulties in its degradation, maybe because of the high organic load that was applied to the reactor. The fact of the reactor being disproved by a mixing system can also have contributed to the low residue degradation.

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Pemanfaatan Sampah Sayur Dari Pasar Tradisional Untuk Produksi Bioetanol

Jurnal Serambi Engineering ◽

10.32672/jse.v5i3.2075 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Novirina Hendrasarie ◽

Dimas Eka Mahendra

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Economic Value ◽

Carbohydrate Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Waste Generation ◽

Fermentation Time ◽

Two Factors

Vegetables that do not sell and rotten will be thrown away. This makes the volume of waste increases every day. Vegetable waste that is no longer being sold, could reprocessed into useful products and selling value. The purpose of this research is to use vegetable waste to become bioethanol raw material, which have economic value. The selected vegetable waste was from potatoes, carrots, cabbage, cassava, chicory, and green mustard, because they have higher carbohydrate content than other vegetable waste. The bioethanol product produced will be measured by its bioethanol content and fermentation time. These two factors, affect the quality of the bioethanol produced. The microorganism used in this study was Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These microorganisms are in bread yeast and tape yeast, which are also examined for their effectiveness in the production of this vegetable waste bioethanol. From this study, producing bioethanol with the highest ethanol content of 15% v / v, produced in the interaction of bread yeast and 6 days’ fermentation time. Meanwhile, from the production using yeast tape, obtained ethanol levels of 13% v / v. Bioethanol from vegetable waste is not only to reduce the burden of waste generation, but can be used as an alternative energy to replace fuel.

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Fate of Residual Pesticides in Fruit and Vegetable Waste (FVW) Processing

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9101468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1468

Author(s):

Tri Thanh Nguyen ◽

Carmen Rosello ◽

Richard Bélanger ◽

Cristina Ratti

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Food Production ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

Potential Reduction ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Increase Food Production ◽

Vegetable Wastes ◽

The Right ◽

Processing Steps

Plants need to be protected against pests and diseases, so as to assure an adequate production, and therefore to contribute to food security. However, some of the used pesticides are harmful compounds, and thus the right balance between the need to increase food production with the need to ensure the safety of people, food and the environment must be struck. In particular, when dealing with fruit and vegetable wastes, their content in agrochemicals should be monitored, especially in peel and skins, and eventually minimized before or during further processing to separate or concentrate bioactive compounds from it. The general objective of this review is to investigate initial levels of pesticide residues and their potential reduction through further processing for some of the most contaminated fruit and vegetable wastes. Focus will be placed on extraction and drying processes being amid the main processing steps used in the recuperation of bioactive compounds from fruit and vegetable wastes.

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Anaerobic fermentation of hybrid Pennisetum mixed with fruit and vegetable wastes to produce volatile fatty acids

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/d0ra04400h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (55) ◽

pp. 33261-33267

Author(s):

Tao Xing ◽

Shutai Yu ◽

Feng Zhen ◽

Xiaoying Kong ◽

Yongming Sun

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Volatile Fatty Acids ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Vegetable Waste ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

Vegetable Wastes ◽

Hybrid Pennisetum

pH and co-digestion conditions were applied for optimal VFA production from hybrid Pennisetum (HP) and fruit and vegetable waste (FVW).

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Assessment of Fruit and Vegetable Residues Suitable for Renewable Energy Production: GIS-Based Model for Developing New Frontiers within the Context of Circular Economy

Applied System Innovation ◽

10.3390/asi4010010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 10

Author(s):

Roberta Selvaggi ◽

Francesca Valenti

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Energy Production ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Green Energy ◽

Regulatory Framework ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

New Frontier ◽

Vegetable Wastes

Due to the necessity of developing renewable energy sources, the anaerobic digestion for producing biomethane has developed significantly in the last years, since it allows to both reduce disposal treatment and produce green energy. In this field, fruit and vegetable wastes have been recently put forward, since they could represent a suitable resource for producing biomethane as a new frontier within the context of a circular economy. This study aims at filling the gap in the knowledge of the production, quantities and biogas potential production of these residues. On this basis, a GIS-based model was developed and applied to the Sicily region by investigating the specific regulatory framework as well as by analysing descriptive statistics. The results of the GIS analyses enabled the localisation of the highest productive territorial areas and highlighted where fruit and vegetable wastes are abundantly located. In this regard, about 7 million Nm3 of biogas could be produced by reusing only the fruit and vegetable residues coming from the three most representative Sicilian wholesale markets among those considered. Finally, the regulatory framework is of crucial importance in inhibiting or supporting the use of the selected biomass in a specific sector, with regard to the case study considered.

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