scholarly journals COVID-19 Conjunctivitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Konjevoda ◽  
Samir Čanović ◽  
Ana Didović Pavičić
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Uveitis Anterior ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

The outbreak of new Cov-2 epidemic was detected in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China, caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus −2 and started its rapid spread througth the world. The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on the 30th of January 2020. -2 infection can present with spectrum of clinical manifestations, primary of upper respiratory tract and in some cases, especially in immunocompromised patients can cause changes in lower respiratory tract such as pneumonia and bronchitis. Conjunctivitis is not a common manifestation of SARS-Cov-2 infection. It should however be kept in mind that patients with ocular manifestations and symptoms can represent the COVID-19 cases. CoVs can produce several ocular manifestations from conjunctivitis, uveitis – anterior and posterior, retinitis and optic neuritis.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Diagnosis, Treatments and Prevention: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Soumik Chatterjee ◽  
Sabyasachi Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Novel Coronavirus are very harmful virus. This viruses have positive single stranded RNA genome and enveloped which is called nucleocapsid. The family of this virus is Coronaviridae. This virus originated from species of avian and mammalian. This virus effect on upper respiratory tract in humans. Many species of these novel coronaviruses (HCoVs) are named as HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63. Predominant species of this virus is Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) across the world.  In both adults and childrens HCoV-HKU1 sp. is causes for chronic pulmonary disease and HCoV-NL63 species causes for upper and lower respiratory tract disease. Most recent species of this virus is MERS-CoV. This species caused for acute pneumonia and occasional renal failure. The new strain of novel Coronavirus is SARS-CoV-2. This strain causes for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This disease named by the World Health Organization. Now world fighting against COVID-19 and according to the recent statistics report of world about the COVID-19 cases approx 22.6M confirmed cases and 792K death cases appeared and recovered 14.5M. COVID-19 disease starts to spread from December 2019 from china. Covid-19 disease is emerged in Wuhan seafood market at Wuhan of South China and then rapidly spread throughout the world. The corona virus outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of International concern by World Health Organization (WHO). In this article we summarize the current clinical characteristics of coronavirus and diagnosis, treatments and prevention of COVID-19 disease. In this review article, we analyze data from various Research Reports like WHO guidelines and other articles. It is very important to the readers that new data of COVID-19 updating nearly every hour of day regarding clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and outcomes COVID-19 disease. The degree of COVID-19 disease varying throughout the world. COVID-19 affected patient shows various symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise among others. The COVID-19 disease is being treated through general treatment like symptomatic treatment, by using antiviral drugs, oxygen therapy and by the immune system. There is no vaccine or therapeutic strategies for deal with this disease yet. In this critical situation preventive measures must be require.  A very important issue in preventing viral infection is hand hygiene. There are other entities that people can boosting the immune system and help in infection prevention.

scholarly journals Ghana and the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4s) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
David Ofori-Adjei ◽  
Margaret Lartey ◽  
Kwadwo A. Koram
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World

A new virus causing predominantly respiratory tract infection was described in China late 2019. The virus was subsequently named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease it causes as COVID-19. Subsequently the virus spread to many parts of the world. This resulted in the World Health Organisation declaring COVID-19 a global pandemic on 11th March 2020.

scholarly journals Health Pandemic and Experience of COVID-19 Infected Health Workers: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diganta Das
Keyword(s):  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Members ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Approaches

ABSTRACT Due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 disease, the world communities were faced extreme stress to deal with the pandemic. The World Health Organisation (WHO) was decided to declare COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. COVID-19 pandemic was brought extreme challenges on health workers including nurses and ward attendants’ work in the healthcare service. The objective of this study was to explored the impact on health workers of India. This study was conducted among nurses and ward attendants and they were known for their service through the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was included 20 respondents where 10 of them were nurses and the other 10 were ward attendants at the hospital. The interview method was used to collect the data, and the interviews were conducted between November 2020 and February 2021. The interviews were conducted over the phone. Data was analysed with the help of Graneheim’s qualitative content analytical approaches. This study found that health workers were faced anxiety, fear of death, social isolation, loss of hope about future, separation anxiety from family members, etc. They were faced with uncertainty of their own life and even family members due to higher death rate among health workers and also patients.

scholarly journals DETAILED VIEW ON REPURPOSED DRUGS, TRACKING OF VACCINES,AND BRIEF VIEW ON PROPHYLACTIC NANOMEDICINES AS AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH AND PATIENT CARE FOR COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
KRISHNANJANA S. NAIR ◽  
SHIVALI KAMATH ◽  
ARYA RAJAN ◽  
SACHIN THOMAS ◽  
ASWIN D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
World Health ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
The World ◽  
Repurposed Drugs ◽  
Health Organization

In December 2019, a rare case of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan, China. This was later analyzed and known to have similar characteristics as viral pneumonia caused by a novel coronavirus. Later, on 11 February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially named the disease as COVID19. The Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) ought to taint both the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract. This COVID-19 is spreading quickly with an immense rise in cases around the world. This infection's mechanism stays obscure, and the medications explicit for the infection were not grown at this point. Infection is highly contagious. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) is one of seven kinds of crown infection, including the one which causes severe maladies like Middle East respiratory disorder (MERS) and abrupt, intense respiratory syndrome(SARS). Since its revelation, the infection has spread and has caused anxiety and fear among people. Recent vaccines are tracked, and clinical trials can bring an immediate protocol on a medication approach. By including different therapeutic approaches, it is easier to combat the disease quickly. With very low mortality and high transmission rate, new approaches to vaccines and nanomedicines bring down the spread. Controlled patient care is also crucial. On 11 March, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease as 'global pandemic’. COVID-19, therefore, poses a significant threat to global public health. This article reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnostic methods. The review also focuses on repurposed drugs, traced vaccines, and a quick view of prophylactic nanomedicines as an alternative for COVID 19. For this review, the complete database has been collected from various search engines such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Elsevier, etc., from the year 2001-2020 using the following keywords.

COVID-19 Disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 957-957
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Conlon ◽  
John D. Firth
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Central China ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Wet Market ◽  
The City

A novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2), first appeared in the city of Wuhan in Central China in December 2019. Initial cases appeared to be centred on a so-called wet market, but the outbreak spread rapidly. The World Health Organisation (WHO) declared a Pandemic Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January, 2020. At the time of writing, there have been over 11 million cases globally and more than 500,000 deaths.

The World Health Organization's Revised Classification of Tumours of the Larynx, Hypopharynx, and Tracheax

1993 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 666-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfio Ferlito
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
World Health ◽  
Histological Classification ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Histological Typing ◽  
The World ◽  
Upper Respiratory

A second edition of the Histological Typing of Upper Respiratory Tract Tumours in the WHO series International Histological Classification of Tumours was published in 1991. The new edition has been entitled Histological Typing of Tumours of the Upper Respiratory Tract and Ear. The task of revising the first edition, which was published in 1978, was undertaken at the WHO Center for Upper Respiratory Tract Tumours by K. Shanmugaratnam in collaboration with L. H. Sobin and pathologists in 8 countries. Several tumour types have been added to the classification, and some have been redefined in light of current knowledge. This presentation outlines the changes in the revised WHO classification as regards tumours of the larynx, hypopharynx, and trachea and discusses the grounds for said revisions.

scholarly journals FOOD SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN LIGHT OF PANDEMIC COVID-19FOR MEDIUM CARE POSITIVE CASES UNIT(MCU)AT 57357CCHE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 953-960
Author(s):  
Afaf A. Amin ◽  
◽  
Gulsen A. Saleh ◽  
Ahmed S. Khedr ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The City

COVID-19 is a new strain of coronavirus to which humans have not got immunity. It originated in China and has quickly spread around the world.It is a disease caused by an infection by SARS-CoV-2 virus, first identified in the city of Wuhan, in Chinas Hubei province in December 2019. COVID-19 was previously known as 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) respiratory disease before the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the official name as COVID-19 in February 2020. Like the other coronaviruses, the SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily causes respiratory tract infections, and the severity of the COVID-19 disease can range from mild to fatal.

scholarly journals Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: a literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1296-1300
Author(s):  
Bruna Rafaella Santos Torres ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Ximenes da Cunha ◽  
Laís Rytholz Castro ◽  
Lara Medeiros Pirauá de Brito ◽  
Caio Victor Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

SUMMARY Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the highly pathogenic SARS-Cov-2 virus, was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Its main clinical manifestations are related to airway involvement; however, there is extrapulmonary impairment in some cases. Given this context, this literature review aims to identify the ophthalmological conditions caused by infection with the novel coronavirus. Although ocular findings do not include the standard clinical presentation of the disease, there are reports of some ophthalmological changes in COVID-19 patients, and conjunctivitis is the most common among these.

A Collaborative Study to Establish the Second International Standard for Streptokinase

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Heath ◽  
P J Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
The World ◽  
International Collaborative Study

SummaryAn International Standard for Streptokinase - Streptodomase (62/7) has been used to calibrate high purity clinical batches of SK since 1965. An international collaborative study, involving six laboratories, was undertaken to replace this standard with a high purity standard for SK. Two candidate preparations (88/826 and 88/824) were compared by a clot lysis assay with the current standard (62/7). Potencies of 671 i.u. and 461 i.u. were established for preparations A (88/826) and B (88/824), respectively.Either preparation appeared suitable to serve as a standard for SK. However, each ampoule of preparation A (88/826) contains a more appropriate amount of SK activity for potency testing, and is therefore preferred. Accelerated degradation tests indicate that preparation A (88/826) is very stable.The high purity streptokinase preparation, coded 88/826, has been established by the World Health Organisation as the 2nd International Standard for Streptokinase, with an assigned potency of 700 i.u. per ampoule.

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