scholarly journals Low Melting Mixture of L-(+)-Tartaric Acid and N,N′-Dimethyl Urea: A New Arrival in the Green Organic Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Synthetic Chemistry ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
First Report ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Dimethyl Urea ◽  
Reaction Media

After the first report of deep eutectic mixtures by the team of Abbott in 2003, the advent of green synthesis has been progressively changing the way synthetic chemistry is thought and also taught. Since then, a plethora of efforts worldwide have been taken to stretch the ideas of sustainable as well as environmentally benign approaches to do the crucial synthetic organic transformations under operationally simple yet effective conditions. Although, till date, several green synthetic strategies for examples ultrasound, microwaves, flow as well as grindstone chemistry etc., and green reaction media (e.g. ionic liquid, water, scCO2, and so forth) have successfully been invented. But a low melting mixture of L-(+)-tartaric acid (TA) and N,N′-dimethylurea (DMU), usually plays a double and/or triple role (solvent, catalyst, and/or reagent), though still infancy but enjoys several eye-catching properties like biodegradability, recyclability, non-toxicity, good thermal stability, tunable physiochemical properties, low vapor pressure as well as reasonable prices in addition to the easy preparation with wide functional groups tolerance. To this context, keeping the importance of this novel low melting mixture in mind, we intended to reveal the advancements taken place in this wonderful area of research since its first report by the Köenig’s group in 2011 to till date. In this particular chapter, firstly we would disclose the importance of the green synthesis followed by a brief description of deep-eutectic solvents (DESs) particularly emphasizing on the role of L-(+)-TA and DMU from modern synthetic chemistry perspective.

The double and triple role of L-(+)-tartaric acid and dimethyl urea: A prevailing green approach in organic synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Ali ◽  
Ajay Kumar Chinnam ◽  
Vikas R. Aswar
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Dimethyl Urea ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

: The deep eutectic mixtures (DESs), introduced as novel alternative to usual volatile organic solvents for organic transformations has attracted a tremendous attention of the research community because of their low cost, negligible vapour pressure, low toxicity, biodegradability, recyclability, insensitive towards moisture, and readily availability from bulk renewable resources. Although, the low melting mixture of dimethyl urea (DMU)/L-(+)-tartaric acid (TA) is still infancy yet much effective as it play double and triple roles such as solvent, catalyst and/or reagent in a same pot for many crucial organic transformations. These unique properties of DMU/TA mixture prompted us to provide a quick overview of where the field stands presently, and where it might be going in near future. To our best knowledge, no review dealing with the applications of a low melting mixture of DMU/TA appeared in the literature except the one published in 2017 describing only the chemistry of indole systems. Therefore, we intended to reveal the developments of this versatile low melting mixture in the modern organic synthesis since its first report in 2011 by Köenig’s team to till date. Hopefully, the present review article will be useful to the researcher working not only in the arena of synthetic organic chemistry but also to the scientists working in other branches of science and technology.

Role of Acetic Acid Added to the Reaction Media for the Enantio-differentiating Hydrogenation of Methyl Acetoacetate Over a Tartaric Acid-modified Nickel Catalyst

2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Osawa ◽  
Masashi Ando ◽  
Saori Sakai ◽  
Tadao Harada ◽  
Osamu Takayasu
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Nickel Catalyst ◽  
Methyl Acetoacetate ◽  
Reaction Media

Peranan Ombudsman Republik Indonesia Perwakilan Sumatera Utara Dalam Pengawasan Pelayanan Dinas Kependudukan dan Catatan Sipil Kota Medan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Putri Ananda Sari ◽  
Abdul Kadir ◽  
Beby Mashito Batu Bara
Keyword(s):  
Service Provider ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North ◽  
Supervision Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Sumatra

This study aims to determine the role of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in North Sumatra Representative in the Supervision of Population and Civil Registry Service in Medan City. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods describing information about the data obtained from the field in the form of written and oral data from the parties studied. Data is collected based on interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the role of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in North Sumatra was carried out in the form of external supervision. External supervision is supervision carried out by the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia Representative of North Sumatra to the Medan Population and Civil Registry Service. Actions taken in the supervision process are incoming reports, follow-up of the first report and follow-up of the report. Based on the research that has been carried out, it has been concluded that the role of the Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia in the North Sumatra Representative in supervising the service provider of the Population and Civil Registry services is carried out in the form of external supervision. In supervising the handling of public reports of alleged poor service in the area of population administration, it has been effective, with several efforts to handle reports such as: (1) Clarification; (2) Investigation; (3) Recommendations; (4) Monitoring.

Role of the hydrogen bond donor component for a proper development of novel hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents

2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 423-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Tiecco ◽  
Federico Cappellini ◽  
Francesco Nicoletti ◽  
Tiziana Del Giacco ◽  
Raimondo Germani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor

scholarly journals Base‐Free Copper‐Catalyzed Azide‐Alkyne Click Cycloadditions (CuAAc) in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Green and Catalytic Reaction Media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Vincenzo Giofrè ◽  
Matteo Tiecco ◽  
Angelo Ferlazzo ◽  
Roberto Romeo ◽  
Gianluca Ciancaleoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Reaction ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Reaction Media

Green Synthesis of 2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one Derivatives in Deep Eutectic Solvents via Knoevenagel Condensation

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melita Lončarić ◽  
MAJA MOLNAR
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Model Reaction ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Toxic Organic Solvents

Abstract: Recently, more and more researchers are resorting to green methods and techniques to avoid environmental pollution. Accordingly, many researchers have been working on the development of new green synthetic procedures trying to avoid the use of toxic organic solvents. A sustainable concept of green and environmentally friendly solvents in chemical synthesis nowadays encompasses a relatively new generation of solvents called deep eutectic solvents (DESs). DESs often have a dual role in the synthesis, acting as both, solvents and catalysts. In this study, DESs are used in the Knoevenagel synthesis of rhodanine derivatives, with no addition of conventional catalysts. A model reaction of rhodanine and salicylaldehyde was performed in 20 different DESs at 80 °C, in order to find the best solvent, which was further used for the synthesis of the series of desired compounds. A series of rhodanines was synthesized in choline chloride: acetamide (ChCl:acetamide) DES with good to excellent yields (51.4 – 99.7 %).

scholarly journals Metallic Nanoparticles Obtained via “Green” Synthesis as a Platform for Biosensor Construction

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Gayda ◽  
Olha Demkiv ◽  
Nataliya Stasyuk ◽  
Roman Serkiz ◽  
Maksym Lootsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Alcohol Oxidase ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Fluorescent Markers ◽  
Extracellular Metabolites ◽  
Very High

Novel nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles obtained via green synthesis (gNPs), have a great potential for application in biotechnology, industry and medicine. The special role of gNPs is related to antibacterial agents, fluorescent markers and carriers for drug delivery. However, application of gNPs for construction of amperometric biosensors (ABSs) is not well documented. The aim of the current research was to study potential advantages of using gNPs in biosensorics. The extracellular metabolites of the yeast Ogataea polymorpha were used as reducing agents for obtaining gNPs from the corresponding inorganic ions. Several gNPs were synthesized, characterized and tested as enzyme carriers on the surface of graphite electrodes (GEs). The most effective were Pd-based gNPs (gPdNPs), and these were studied further and applied for construction of laccase- and alcohol oxidase (AO)-based ABSs. AO/GE, AO-gPdNPs/GE, laccase/GE and laccase-gPdNPs/GE were obtained, and their analytical characteristics were studied. Both gPdNPs-modified ABSs were found to have broader linear ranges and higher storage stabilities than control electrodes, although they are less sensitive toward corresponding substrates. We thus conclude that gPdNPs may be promising for construction of ABSs for enzymes with very high affinities to their substrates.

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