scholarly journals Factors Influencing Access to Reliable Health Care Financing among Elderly Population in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Akintoyese Oyekola ◽  
Oludele Albert Ajani ◽  
Eyitayo Joseph Oyeyipo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
The Right

Population is ageing rapidly in all regions of the world and unreliable health care financing is capable of hindering older people from seeking competent medical attention which in turn may lead to their suffering, insecurity and/or death. In Africa, lack of access to reliable health care financing in old age poses serious development challenges and it is detrimental to healthy ageing, especially because elderly population are known to be facing various health challenges which require huge financial costs. Existing studies have shown that it is not sufficient to provide reliable health care financing for older people, it is more important to provide them access to these services. Ensuring that the elderly population has access to reliable health care financing in particular as well as other available and possible social support mechanisms that may encourage the provision of and access to reliable health care financing in general is a challenge and very key to healthy ageing. Through authors’ experiences in the health care system, narrative review of existing literature and interactions with some elderly people, this article explores various factors influencing older people’s access to reliable health care financing. It is believed that understanding of factors influencing access to reliable health care financing among older people in Africa will go a long way in directing policies toward the right course.

scholarly journals Older people living at home: experiences of healthy ageing

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Fjell ◽  
Kristin Ådnøy Eriksen ◽  
Monica Hermann ◽  
Anne-Marie Boström ◽  
Seiger Berit Cronfalk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Manifest Content ◽  
Professional Perspective ◽  
At Home

Abstract Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate how old persons perceived their life to be, how they viewed the ageing process and their need of health care and societal support. Background: The purpose of WHO’s Healthy Ageing strategy and development of age-friendly environments is to support physiological and psychosocial changes in old persons by facilitating basic needs. Interventions to operationalize these needs in older people living at home are often developed from a professional perspective and to a small extent involves the perceptions, experience and expectations of the older persons. Method: This qualitative study has an explorative design using focus group discussions to collect data. In all, 34 persons between 69 and 93 years of age participated in seven group discussions. The interviews were analyzed using inductive manifest content analysis. Findings: The main results suggest that most old persons enjoyed life and wished it to continue for as long as possible. Important was to sustain networks and to feel useful. Unexpected changes were described as threats and the need to use health care services was associated with illness and being dependent. The result is presented in three categories with sub-categories: ‘Embracing life’, ‘Dealing with challenges’ and ‘Considering the future’.

scholarly journals Determinants of prepaid systems of healthcare financing: a worldwide country-level perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea M. Leiter ◽  
Engelbert Theurl
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Country Level

AbstractIn this paper we examine determinants of prepaid modes of health care financing in a worldwide cross-country perspective. We use three different indicators to capture the role of prepaid modes in health care financing: (i) the share of total prepaid financing as percent of total current health expenditures, (ii) the share of voluntary prepaid financing as percent of total prepaid financing, and (iii) the share of compulsory health insurance as percent of total compulsory prepaid financing. In the econometric analysis, we refer to a panel data set comprising 154 countries and covering the time period 2000–2015. We apply a static as well as a dynamic panel data model. We find that the current structure of prepaid financing is significantly determined by its different forms in the past. The significant influence of GDP per capita, governmental revenues, the agricultural value added, development assistance for health, degree of urbanization and regulatory quality varies depending on the financing structure we look at. The share of the elderly and the education level are only of minor importance for explaining the variation in a country’s share of prepaid health care financing. The importance of the mentioned variables as determinants for prepaid health care financing also varies depending on the countries’ socio-economic development. From our analysis we conclude that more detailed information on indicators which reflect the distribution of individual characteristics (such as income, family size and structure and health risks) within a country’s population would be needed to gain deeper insight into the decisive determinants for prepaid health care financing.

scholarly journals Gendered Articulations of Control and Care on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katinka Linnamäki
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
System Of Care ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this paper is to examine the Hungarian Fidesz-KDNP government´s discursive practices of control and care during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper researches the Hungarian government’s communication on the official Hungarian COVID-19 Facebook page during the first wave of the pandemic. Its aim is to answer the question how the Hungarian government articulated control and care to reinforce sedimented gendered division of care work and institutions of control to tackle the potential disruption of the system of care before the widespread vaccination of the elderly population was available in the country. The paper argues that the pandemic has allowed the government to exert control in areas, such as the crisis in the workforce market and health care system, as well as in the destabilized system of care work. The main finding is that in the material the government performs control over care work, whose intensified discussion during the pandemic could lead to a potential disruption within the illiberal logic on two different levels. First, physical care work related to immediate physical needs, like hunger, clothing, pain enacted by female shoppers, female health care workers and female social workers, is newly defined during the pandemic as local, family-bound and a naturally female task. Second, the government articulates care work, either as potentially harmful (for the elderly population and thus indirectly to the government’s familialist politics), or as vulnerable and in need of protection from outside influences (portrayed through the interaction of health care workers and “hospital commanders”). This enables the government to perform full state control over care workers through the mobilization of police and military masculinity and to strengthen and re-naturalize the already existing hierarchies between traditional gender roles from a new perspective during the pandemic. This state of affairs highlights the vulnerability both of the elderly population, on whom its familialism builds, and of the system of informal care work, which builds on the unpaid care work of female citizens, who paradoxically are also articulated as potential harm for the elderly and for the system.

scholarly journals PERAN POSYANDU DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 058-070
Author(s):  
Erwina Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Study Design ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Care Coverage ◽  
Refresher Training ◽  
Elderly Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

Elderly health care coverage in Public Health Jalan Gedang as much (81.92%)and the number of elderly as many as 686 people. Visit the elderly who come to posyanduranges from 41-53 people per month in 2016. The health center has two IHC GedangWay consists of IHC Elderly Elderly Serayu Mandiri and Posyandu Elderly Peace. IHChas five cadres and participants 44 people. Elderly Posyandu cadre of Peace has fivepeople, participants lansianya 50 people. IHC Elderly Peace has many achievements thanPosyandu Elderly Serayu Mandiri The study design used in this research is descriptivequalitative method. Informants in this study as many as 10 cadres and 1 officer in chargePosyandu program. The study design used in this research is descriptive qualitativemethod. Knowledge Posyandu Elderly Peace found that IHC Elderly for seniors 60 yearsand older age range and Posyandu Elderly Serayu Mandiri that Posyandu Elderly agerange of 40 years and above. Attitude Posyandu Elderly Peace mostly elderly support andintegrated support Serayu Mandiri attitude. Kader Posyandu Elderly Peace and PosyanduElderly Serayu Mandiri mostly not expect incentives. Kader Posyandu Elderly Peacemostly mentioned five systems the table properly and Posyandu Elderly Serayu Mandirino mention of five tables with the right system. Expected to conduct refresher training orvolunteers to knowledge about Posyandu cadres better, could improve the role in theservice of Posyandu.

Immune system changes and immunosenescence

2017 ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
Graham Pawelec ◽  
Ludmila Müller ◽  
Tamas Fülöp ◽  
Deborah Dunn-Walters
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Older People ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
System Changes ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

The immune system defends against infection, but older people paradoxically suffer not only from failing immunity resulting in increased susceptibility to infections and decreased responsiveness to vaccination, but at the same time increased inflammation and immunopathology accompanying immune responses. Interventions to reduce such deleterious effects while enhancing protective immunity are challenging but need to be confronted if we are to deal successfully with the increasing numbers of elderly and frail people in modern societies. To do this, we need to understand the mechanisms responsible for age-associated increased susceptibility to infections and immune-influenced chronic degenerative diseases of ageing. Defining relevant age-associated alterations and identifying reliable biomarkers for monitoring clinically-relevant immune status in the elderly population is crucial to overcoming these problems. Here, we briefly outline age-associated changes to immunity collectively termed ‘immunosenescence’.

scholarly journals Ageing Society and SARS-CoV-2 Mortality: Does the Healthcare Absorptive Capacity Matter?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Farzanegan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Ageing Society

This study examines the effect of the elderly population on SARS-CoV-2 Disease (COVID-19) mortality for a sample of 146 countries. It shows that the elderly population is robustly associated with higher COVID-19 mortality. This effect, however, decreases significantly in countries with higher health care absorptive capacity. The results are robust to control for a set of economic, institutional and regional variables.

scholarly journals Health team for the elderly: a feasibility study for preventive home visits

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 242-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Seiger Cronfalk ◽  
Astrid Fjell ◽  
Nina Carstens ◽  
Lars Malvin Kvinge Rosseland ◽  
Arvid Rongve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Multiprofessional Team ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Preventive Home Visits ◽  
Health Team

The aim was to describe the development, utilization and feasibility of a model of preventive home visits, in an urban and a rural municipality in Norway. Background Older people >65 years will rise significantly in coming years. Increased age is associated with risk of disability, illness and need for public health services. Preventive home visits is assumed to help older people to maintain their functional level longer, delaying disease and thus delaying the need for health care. Method Descriptive explorative design describing the development, utilization and feasibility of preventive home visits in two different settings. All 77-year-old persons living at home in an urban municipality and all 75 years and older in a rural municipality were invited to participate. A questionnaire including a substantial number of tests concerning; fall, nutrition, polypharmacy and cognitive impairment was used by Health Team Nurses as base for a risk assessment. Pilot studies were conducted to validate the questionnaire including an inter-rater reliability study of the risk assessment tool. A multiprofessional team, Health Team for the Elderly met each week to evaluate risk assessments and make recommendations to be sent to each respective general practitioner. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In total, 167 persons (109 from the urban municipality and 58 from the rural municipality) participated, corresponding to 60% of the approached individuals. The mean time for the visits was 108 minutes (SD 20). Missing data were identified for; Do you feel safe in your municipality (17.5%) and Are you looking forward to ageing (11.4%). In total, 36 persons (21.7%) were identified with increased risk for developing illness. We suggest that a structured model of preventive home visits and collaboration between highly specialized health care professionals are important factors for reliable health promoting risk assessments of elderly home dwellers.

Public-Sector Health Care Financing

2011 ◽  
pp. 256-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åke Blomqvist
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Related Issue ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
General Revenue ◽  
Public Sector Health

This article discusses the share of expenses that should be covered by the public plan and looks at how those revenues should be raised. It deals with a fundamental issue that must be addressed in a system where government takes a major role in health care financing. This issue is about the relative importance of the public plan and private payments as sources of funding. Another related issue is how the revenue to pay for public spending on health care should be raised. The article discusses financing through general revenue and compares it with various forms of social insurance. A related issue is the financing of health care for the elderly in a social insurance system. The third fundamental question, finally, concerns the way money should be spent. The article discusses the nature of the contracts between providers and the public plan.

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