scholarly journals Perceptions of Emergency Care by Sexual and Gender Minorities in Colorado: Barriers, Quality, and Factors Affecting Identity Disclosure

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-910
Author(s):  
William LaPlant ◽  
Leonardo Kattari ◽  
Lexie Ross ◽  
Jennifer Zhan ◽  
Jeffrey Druck
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Identity Disclosure ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Expanding on data concerning emergency department (ED) use and avoidance by the sexual minority (those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, other [LGTBQ+]) and gender minority (those who identify as transgender, gender nonconforming, other) community may inform future ED LGTBQ+ training and clinical practice. Investigation objectives included characterizing rates of emergency care avoidance, identifying barriers to emergency care, and assessing emergency care quality and cultural competency for sexual and gender minorities. Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional needs assessment, sexual minority, gender minority, and/or cisgender heterosexual-identified participants were selected based on participants’ subscription to newsletters or social media accounts for One Colorado, an LGBTQ+ advocacy organization. Each participant completed a single digital survey that collected qualitative and quantitative data about ED perception, use, and demographics. Results: A total of 477 LGBTQ+ or heterosexual-identified individuals (mean age = 44.3 (standard deviation [SD] = 16.7)) participated in the study. Lifetime emergency care avoidance rates for gender minorities were markedly increased (odds ratio [OR] 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2 – 6.6; P <.001), while avoidance rates for sexual minorities were similar to those of cisgender heterosexual respondents (17% vs 14%; P <.001). Gender minorities were more likely than sexual minorities to both avoid emergency care due to fear of discrimination (43% vs 15%; P =.002) and to have experienced discrimination during their last ED visit (OR 11, [95% CI, 5–24]; P <.001). No significant differences were observed between participants in care avoidance due to financial reasons or prior negative experiences. No cited ED factors that influenced identity disclosure decisions were distinctly predictive. Conclusion: Gender minorities are more likely than sexual minorities and heterosexual cisgender individuals to report ED avoidance and discrimination at last ED visit. Future work characterizing deficits in LGBTQ+ ED care might reduce these avoidance and discrimination rates, enhancing the level of patient care provided to this population.

Gender and Sexual Minority Research in the Digital Society

2022 ◽  
pp. 885-897
Author(s):  
Salvatore Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Hidden Populations ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Hard To Reach Populations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Minority Research

The chapter aims to deepen the theme of the participation of gender and sexual minorities in social research, with a specific focus on the new possibilities offered by the digital society. After defining the concept of “hidden populations” or “hard -to -reach populations,” the contribution focuses on the factors of greatest vulnerability of the LGBT population. Subsequently, the chapter aims to review the literature regarding the barriers to the sampling, recruitment, participation, and involvement of sexual and gender minorities, highlighting some strategies to overcome some of the main barriers, through a plurality of innovative procedures made possible by the so-called digital society.

scholarly journals Assessing mental health signals among sexual and gender minorities using Twitter data

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 765-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunpeng Zhao ◽  
Yi Guo ◽  
Xing He ◽  
Yonghui Wu ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Minority People

Sexual and gender minorities face extreme challenges that breed stigma with alarming consequences damaging their mental health. Nevertheless, sexual and gender minority people and their mental health needs remain little understood. Because of stigma, sexual and gender minorities are often unwilling to self-identify themselves as sexual and gender minorities when asked. However, social media have become popular platforms for health-related researches. We first explored methods to find sexual and gender minorities through their self-identifying tweets, and further classified them into 11 sexual and gender minority subgroups. We then analyzed mental health signals extracted from these sexual and gender minorities’ Twitter timelines using a lexicon-based analysis method. We found that (1) sexual and gender minorities expressed more negative feelings, (2) the difference between sexual and gender minority and non-sexual and gender minority people is shrinking after 2015, (3) there are differences among sexual and gender minorities lived in different geographic regions, (4) sexual and gender minorities lived in states with sexual and gender minority-related protection laws and policies expressed more positive emotions, and (5) sexual and gender minorities expressed different levels of mental health signals across different sexual and gender minority subgroups.

scholarly journals Sexual and Gender Minorities and Risk Behaviours among University Students in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11724
Author(s):  
Marco Fonzo ◽  
Silvia Cocchio ◽  
Matteo Centomo ◽  
Tatjana Baldovin ◽  
Alessandra Buja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
University Students ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Partnerships ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partnerships

Sexual and gender minorities (SGM) may experience stigma, discrimination and show higher prevalence of behavioural risk factors than heterosexual counterparts. In Italy, the information on SGM is scarce and outdated. The present cross-sectional study aims to provide a more up-to-date estimate of the SGM proportion in young adults and to assess differences in the adoption of risk behaviours compared to their heterosexual counterparts. The study involved university students aged 18–25. Information on socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics were collected. The effect of sexual orientation on risk behaviours was assessed with a multinomial single-step logistic regression analysis. A total of 9988 participants were included. Overall, 518 students (5.2%) self-identified as SGM. While lesbians showed significantly higher odds of only non-regular use of protective barriers (AOR: 11.16), bisexuals showed higher odds for frequent drinking (AOR: 2.67), smoking (AOR: 1.85), multiple sexual partnerships (AOR: 1.78) and non-regular use of protective barriers (AOR: 1.90) compared with heterosexual women. Gay men showed higher odds of multiple sexual partnerships compared with heterosexual males (AOR: 5.52). SGM accounted for 5.2% of the sample, slightly more than the proportion found in the general population, but substantially in line with similarly aged populations abroad. Our findings confirm that unhealthy risk behaviours are more frequent among LGBTQ+, in particular among bisexual women. Rather than targeting specific subpopulations, our study aims to show the need for health promotion interventions that aim at the empowerment of all students regardless of sexual orientation, being aware that SGMs can benefit to a relatively greater extent.

scholarly journals Improving mental health and wellbeing among sexual and gender minorities using digital interventions: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samia Tasnim ◽  
Nusrat Fahmida Trisha ◽  
Qiping Fan ◽  
Abida Sultana ◽  
Shayla Haque Mishu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sexual Minorities ◽  
English Language ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender

Background:High burden of mental disorders among sexual minorities including lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender population is well documented. Digital platforms are increasingly being used by sexual minorities to communicate with each other, but there is no systematic review of digital interventions that can improve mental health among sexual minorities. This systematic review identified and evaluated the digital interventions for mental health among different sexual minorities.Methodology:We searched literature from six major databases and included studies published in the English language, describing interventions that have a component to improve mental health among any of the sexual minorities delivered through any of the digital platforms, and reporting mental health outcomes.Results:Among 1936 citations, only 11 studies fulfilled our criteria. In those studies, most (n=9) interventions were implemented in the U.S. The interventions included varying components including on increasing acceptance and affirmation, increase social support and health education, cognitive behavioral therapy to manage stress, depression, anxiety and other mental health conditions. Only 6 studies had randomized control design. Most of the studies reported reduction in bi/homonegativity and increased affirmation, decreased smoking and substance abuse, improved coping skills, reduced level of depression, anxiety, and stress among participants in the intervention groups.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review that evaluated digital intervention for mental health among sexual and gender minorities. Despite a low number of studies and heterogeneity across studies, the findings suggest potential improvements in mental health among sexual and gender minorities using digital interventions.

scholarly journals A systematic review of stigma in sexual and gender minority health interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric K Layland ◽  
Joseph A Carter ◽  
Nicholas S Perry ◽  
Jorge Cienfuegos-Szalay ◽  
Kimberly M Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Intervention Efficacy ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Stigma against sexual and gender minorities is a major driver of health disparities. Psychological and behavioral interventions that do not address the stigma experienced by sexual and gender minorities may be less efficacious. We conducted a systematic review of existing psychological and behavioral health interventions for sexual and gender minorities to investigate how interventions target sexual and gender minority stigma and consider how stigma could affect intervention efficacy. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Eligible studies were peer reviewed and published in English between January 2003 and July 2019 and reported empirical results of behavioral or psychological interventions implemented among sexual and gender minorities. All interventions addressed stigma. We identified 37 eligible interventions. Most interventions targeted sexual minority men. Interventions were frequently developed or adapted for implementation among sexual and gender minorities and addressed multiple levels and types of stigma. Interventions most frequently targeted proximal stressors, including internalized and anticipated stigma. HIV and mental health were the most commonly targeted health outcomes. A limited number of studies investigated the moderating or mediating effects of stigma on intervention efficacy. The application of an intersectional framework was frequently absent and rarely amounted to addressing sources of stigma beyond sexual and gender minority identities. A growing number of interventions address sexual and gender minority stigma in an effort to prevent deleterious health effects. Future research is needed to assess whether stigma modifies the effectiveness of existing psychological and behavioral interventions among sexual and gender minorities. Further, the application of intersectional frameworks is needed to more comprehensively intervene on multiple, intersecting sources of stigma faced by the diverse sexual and gender minority community.

scholarly journals Experience of and factors associated with violence against sexual and gender minorities in nine African countries: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Müller ◽  
◽  
Kristen Daskilewicz ◽  
Mc Lean Kabwe ◽  
Anna Mmolai-Chalmers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Objective The objective of this research was to assess physical and sexual violence experienced by sexual and gender minorities in nine African countries, and to examine factors associated with violence. Methods We conducted an exploratory multi-country cross-sectional study among self-identifying sexual and gender minorities, using a survey tool available in paper and online. Participants were sampled through venue-based and web-based convenience sampling. We analysed data using descriptive statistics and logistic regression, with Stata15. Findings Of 3798 participants, 23% were gender minorities, 20% were living with HIV, and 18% had been coerced into marriage. Fifty-six per cent of all participants had experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, and 29% in the past year. Gender minorities had experienced significantly higher levels of violence compared to cisgender (sexual minority) participants. The variable most strongly associated with having experienced violence was being coerced into marriage (AOR, 3.02), followed by people living nearby knowing about one’s sexual orientation and/or gender identity (AOR, 1.90) and living with HIV (AOR, 1.47). Conclusion Sexual and gender minorities in Eastern and Southern Africa experience high levels of violence. Sexual orientation and gender identity need to be recognised as risk factors for violence in national and regional law and policy frameworks. States should follow the African Commission Resolution 275 and provide protection against violence based on real or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity.

scholarly journals A psychometric assessment of a network social capital scale among sexual minority men and gender minority individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meagan Zarwell ◽  
Jennifer L. Walsh ◽  
Katherine G. Quinn ◽  
Andréa Kaniuka ◽  
Alexandra Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Minority Men ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Minority Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Group Memberships

Abstract Background Social capital, the potential for individuals to access resources through group memberships, is linked to a constellation of health outcomes. We modified a previously evaluated Constructed Family Social Capital Scale for gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men who belong to constructed families to create a new measure of social capital within sexual minority men and gender minority individuals’ social networks. Methods Participants were recruited from a Pride festival in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 2018 to complete a cross-sectional survey. This analysis is restricted to 383 participants who identified as sexual minority men or gender minority individuals and completed nine items measuring social capital within their social networks. We conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to assess factor structure. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Results Reliability was high, indicating the scale’s utility to assess Network Social Capital among sexual minority men and gender minority individuals. A single-factor solution with high factor loadings was found for the nine-item scale. Conclusions This study extended the psychometric properties of a preliminary social capital instrument modified from a prior study in a different population and context. The modified measure has implications for use among sexual minority men and gender minority individuals to measure social capital within social networks. Previous studies suggest that interventions to enhance social capital among sexual minority men and gender minority individuals may be beneficial for HIV prevention interventions. This tool may be relevant for the evaluation of social capital interventions within networks of sexual minority men and gender minority individuals.

Sexual and Gender Minorities' Readiness and Interest in Supporting Peers Experiencing Suicide-Related Behaviors

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Ferlatte ◽  
Travis Salway ◽  
John L. Oliffe ◽  
Hannah Kia ◽  
Simon Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Gatekeeper Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Nonprobability Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
And Gender

Abstract. Background: Gatekeeper training is a widely recommended suicide prevention intervention that encourages the development of knowledge and the identification and support of those at risk of suicide. Yet, this strategy has not been implemented among sexual and gender minorities (SGM), a group at high risk of suicide. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the readiness and interest of SGM in supporting peers experiencing suicide-related behaviors. Method: We analyzed data from an online cross-sectional survey of Canadian SGM ( n = 2778). Results: In total, 90% of participants had ≥1 SGM peer with depression, and 73% had ≥1 SGM peer who had previously attempted suicide; 74% said they knew what to do to support a peer experiencing suicide risk, and 77% indicated they knew where to refer them. Furthermore, 94% were interested in learning how to recognize signs of suicidality, while 95% were interested in learning skills to support a peer struggling with suicidality and 81% of those indicated a preference to learn these skills online. Limitations: The study used a nonprobability sample and cross-sectional design. Conclusion: SGM are largely interested in learning suicide prevention skills and, as such, more resources are needed to implement and scale up evidence-based approaches for gatekeeper training among SGM.

Mental Health for Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals with Physical or Cognitive Disabilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 405-417
Author(s):  
Meredith R. Maroney ◽  
Mallaigh McGinley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minorities ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
Health Experiences ◽  
Sexual And Gender Minority ◽  
And Gender

This chapter explores the mental health experiences and needs of sexual and gender minority individuals with disabilities. The authors review the evidence-based research on mental health, highlighting the role of stigma, discrimination, and barriers to care. Autistic sexual and gender minority individuals are used to illustrate the unique experiences of subgroups. Much of the research on this topic is exploratory or descriptive in nature, focused on the experiences of and prevalence rates of individuals from sexual and gender minorities. The chapter concludes with a discussion of future directions for research, and the importance of centering the voices of sexual and gender minority individuals with disabilities in research and practice whenever possible.

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