Impact of the Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic on tourism facilities in the regions of Slovakia in 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Urbaníková ◽  
Michaela Štubňová
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
The Third ◽  
Visit Rate ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Spa Towns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overnight Stays ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Tourism is an inter-ministerial sector, significantly affecting the employment and development of regions. The paper aims to determine the impact of the epidemiological situation caused by the COVID-19 on the development of tourism in the regions of Slovakia based on the use of quantitative methods. Extensive travel restrictions caused a record drop in accommodation visit rate in 2020. The number of foreign visitors decreased by two-thirds year-on-year to the level of 1998. The visit rate in the Slovak Republic was mainly by domestic visitors. Despite the pandemic, in the third quarter of 2020, they exceeded last year's record numbers from the summer season. After considering the visit rate of domestic and foreign visitors, the number of visitors decreased the least year-on-year in the Žilina Region. The most significant year-on-year decrease in visitors was recorded in the Bratislava Region, where business clients were significantly absent. Gross sales decreased by almost half compared to the previous year. The highest gross sales were achieved by accommodation establishments in the Žilina Region. The number of overnight stays decreased year-on-year in all regions. However, the length of stays was significantly extended in the fourth quarter of 2020, thanks to the visit rate in spa towns.

scholarly journals Synchronized travel restrictions across cities can be effective in COVID-19 control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Xuemei Bai ◽  
Huanfeng Shen ◽  
Xiaoping Pang ◽  
Zeyu Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hubei Province ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
The Third ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe COVID-19 outbreak is under control in China. Mobility interventions, including both the Wuhan lockdown and travel restrictions in other cities, have been undertaken in China to mitigate the epidemic. However, the impact of mobility restrictions in cites outside Wuhan has not been systematically analyzed. Here we ascertain the relationships between all mobility patterns and the epidemic trajectory in Chinese cities outside Hubei Province, and we estimate the impact of local travel restrictions. We estimate local inter-city travel bans averted 22.4% (95% PI: 16.8–27.9%) more infections in the two weeks after the Wuhan lockdown, while local intra-city travel prevented 32.5% (95% PI: 18.9–46.1%) more infections in the third and fourth weeks. More synchronized implementation of mobility interventions would further decrease the number of confirmed cases in the first two weeks by 15.7% (95% PI:15.4–16.0%). This study shows synchronized travel restrictions across cities can be effective in COVID-19 control.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF SOME FACTORS OF COMPETITIVENESS ON BUSINESS RISKS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1451-1465
Author(s):  
Jan Dvorsky ◽  
Tomas Kliestik ◽  
Martin Cepel ◽  
Zdenek Strnad
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Business Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Enterprise Risk ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
The Impact

The impact of significant competition factors on the riskiness of business risk in the SMEs sector in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. The empirical research was constructed on the basis a questionnaire. The attitudes from 641 entrepreneurs from two countries were collected during the year 2018. The statistical hypotheses were evaluated using quantitative methods. The multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the impact of the competitive environment and of the narrow business environment on the perception of the riskiness of business risk according to entrepreneurs. The conclusions ofthe research showed an interesting finding. The authors found that the competitive environment, as well as the narrower business environment, affects the perception of the riskiness of business risk. It has also been shown that my customers accept the prices of my products and services. This is the most important indicator of a competitive environment. The most important indicator of a narrower business environment is that my customers support me in doing business. The authors believe that the article has brought several interesting findings and new incentives for the further research and discussion regarding to the perception of enterprise risk not only in the selected countries this research.

scholarly journals The impact of eu support resources on business success of family-owned businesses

10.5219/1167 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dániel Halasi ◽  
Pavol Schwarcz ◽  
Ladislav Mura ◽  
Oľga Roháčiková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
External Support ◽  
Business Success ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Family Enterprises ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, we live in an accelerated, complex, globalized world, where expectations are high for everyone. The child of today has to train a lot to be successful. The enlargement of the European Union and the expansion of the Schengen zone opened gates to society and economy that were not dreamed before by the countries of Central and Easter Europe. Many businesses were able to develop and grow, and they could achieve the goals they set until the end of the ´90s. The situation has changed since the turn of the millennium. The global markets, the easily accessible products and services, the convenience of the World Wide Web, the growing competition, the multinational companies and foreign chains, the high consumer expectations and the requirements and standards of EU have resulted the end of many businesses. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the impact of European Union support funds on the business of family enterprises in the southern districts of the Slovak Republic. The research material was obtained from primary sources. Data were subject of deeper analysis by statistical methods. Subsequently hypotheses were  formulated  and verified by use quantitative methods. According to results, in a group of businesses not supported by EU programs more than half of the respondents could not develop in the last 3 years, they had negative results. It can be stated that if external support and consultancy are present in family business life, the younger generation will find the family business more dynamic, innovative and attractive and therefore they will continue to run the family business.

scholarly journals The Visit Rate of Bardejov Spa in the Context of its History

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-178
Author(s):  
Jana Mitríková ◽  
Mária Sobeková
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Current Data ◽  
State Archive ◽  
World War ◽  
Visit Rate ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spa Treatment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The main objective of this article was to evaluate the impact of historical events on the visit rate of Bardejov Spa in various periods of its development (in the years of 1814–2016). The collection of information on clients’ spa visits, especially the oldest data, was difficult (19th century and 1st and 2nd World War). Much information was available only in the State Archive of the Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic in Hungarian and Latin. Some data for several years were not available at all, and some data were not recorded in writing. The paper summarizes the history of the spa, natural medical sources, spa treatment and indications. At present, the number of guests has an increasing trend, as evidenced by the visit rate for 2016, as well as by current data for 2017. In 2016, Bardejov Spa reached a pick of the visit rate with 25,863 clients. In 2017, there were 27,170 clients. The main clients are the Slovaks, about 90%.

scholarly journals Impact of Selected Indicators of Tourism Capacity and Performance in the Context of the Unemployment Rate in Slovakia

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Matijová ◽  
Erika Onuferová ◽  
Martin Rigelský ◽  
Vladislav Stanko
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Average Price ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overnight Stays ◽  
Profit Potential

Tourism is considered to be the largest service sector leading to a number of social and economic changes. The aim of this paper is to deduce the impacts of selected indicators of capacity and performance of tourism (such as number of accommodation facilities, number of beds, number of visitors in accommodation facilities, number of visitor’s overnight stays, average price of accommodation, and revenue of accommodation) on the socio-economic development of the national economy quantified by the rate of registered unemployment. The data were obtained from database of Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic on annually period. The analysis was carried out at the NUTS 3 level of Slovakia in the period between 2008 and 2017. Determining the extent of the impact of tourism capacity and profit potential indicators on the rate of registered unemployment in Slovakia has shown the supreme importance embodied in the average price for accommodation, confirmed by the result of the regression analysis, concluding that the unemployment rate decreases as the average price for accommodation increases. The analyses described were carried out using regression models, where the resulting relation between the price of accommodation and unemployment was conducted by using the simple linear regression. 

Tourism recovery amid COVID-19: The case of Lombardy, Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110397
Author(s):  
Davide Provenzano ◽  
Serena Volo
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Process ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Sarima Model ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overnight Stays ◽  
External Intervention

Travel restrictions and social distancing imposed to curb the spread of the new coronavirus have been strongly hitting tourism since March 2020. Tourism forecasting literature addressed the effects of shocks in contexts characterized by a predictable route to recovery. COVID-19 is without precedents. In this article, monthly overnight stays for the period January 2010 to December 2020 are used to estimate the impact of the pandemic in Lombardy, Italy’s most affected region. A model-based approach is implemented, and the number of overnight stays up to December 2023 is forecasted. Four models are compared. Estimation results from an augmented SARIMA model suggest that, provided a new lockdown is averted, the domestic segment will recover in a relatively short period of time, whereas international tourism might need an external intervention to speed up its recovery process.

UNWTO World Tourism Barometer and Statistical Annex, March 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Keyword(s):  
International Travel ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Situation ◽  
Roll Out

International tourism further weakens in January 2021 with a drop of 87% After the unprecedented 73% drop in international tourism recorded in 2020 under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, demand for international travel remained very weak at the beginning of 2021. International tourist arrivals (overnight visitors) plunged by 87% in January 2021, amid new outbreaks and tighter travel restrictions. This follows a decline of 85% in the last quarter of 2020. By regions, Asia and the Pacific (-96%), the region which continues to have the highest level of travel restrictions in place, recorded the largest decrease in international arrivals in January. Europe and Africa both saw a decline of 85% in arrivals, while the Middle East recorded a drop of 84%. International arrivals in the Americas decreased by 77% in January, following somewhat better results in the last quarter of the year. Due to the worsening of the pandemic with a surge of cases and the emergence of new variants, many countries reintroduced stricter travel restrictions, including mandatory testing, quarantines and in some cases a complete closure of borders, on top of local lockdowns, all weighing on the resumption of international travel. In addition, the speed and distribution of the vaccination roll-out have been slower than expected and quite uneven across countries and regions. With 32% of destinations worldwide showing complete border closures in early February and another 34% with partial closure, UNWTO expects international tourist arrivals to be down about 85% in the first quarter of 2021 over the same period of 2019. This would represent a loss of some 260 million international arrivals when compared to pre-pandemic levels. Looking ahead, UNWTO has outlined two scenarios for 2021.The first scenario points to a rebound in July, which would result in a 66% increase in international arrivals for the year 2021 compared to the historic lows of 2020. In this case, arrivals would still be 55% below the levels recorded in 2019. The second scenario considers a potential rebound in September, leading to a 22% increase in arrivals compared to last year. Still, this would be 67% below the levels of 2019. The scenarios consider a number of factors such as a gradual improvement of the epidemiological situation, a continued roll-out of the COVID-19 vaccine, a significant improvement in traveller confidence and a major lifting of travel restrictions, in particular in Europe and the Americas.

Social and political dimension of stigmatization: The development of Natasha and Maria images for immigrants in Istanbul

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Bayram Unal
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
State Law ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Official Discourse ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

This study aims at understanding how the perceptions about migrants have been created and transferred into daily life as a stigmatization by means of public perception, media and state law implementations.  The focus would be briefly what kind of consequences these perceptions and stigmatization might lead. First section will examine the background of migration to Turkey briefly and make a summary of migration towards Turkey by 90s. Second section will briefly evaluate the preferential legal framework, which constitutes the base for official discourse differentiating the migrants and implementations of security forces that can be described as discriminatory. The third section deals with the impact of perceptions influential in both formation and reproduction of inclusive and exclusive practices towards migrant women. Additionally, impact of public perception in classifying the migrants and migratory processes would be dealt in this section.

IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OF SENTENCED PERSONS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 59-75
Author(s):  
JAROSLAV KLÁTIK ◽  
◽  
LIBOR KLIMEK
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
European Level ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third

The work deals with implementation of electronic monitoring of sentenced persons in the Slovak Republic. It is divided into eight sections. The first section introduces restorative justice as a prerequisite of electronic monitoring in criminal proceedings. While the second section points out at the absence of legal regulation of electronic monitoring of sentenced persons at European level, the third section points out at recommendations of the Council of Europe addressed to European States. The fourth section analyses relevant alternative punishments in Slovak criminal justice. The fifth section introduces early beginnings of implementation of concerned system - the pilot project “Electronic Personnel Monitoring System” of the Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic. While the sixth section is focused on Slovak national law regulating electronic monitoring of sentenced persons - the Act No. 78/2015 Coll. on Control of the Enforcement of Certain Decisions by Technical Instruments, the seventh section is focused on further amendments of Slovak national law - namely the Act No. 321/2018 Coll. and the Act No. 214/2019 Coll. The last eight section introduces costs of system implementation and its operation.

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