The Status of Philosophy During the Communist Regime in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 187-205
Author(s):  
Daniela Maci ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
The Status ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Second Period

The text approaches the status of Romanian philosophy during the communist period from two points of view: a) that of speech: while a new philosophical vocabulary becomes official, the old one fades away; b) that of the communist educational system. My analysis will consider the first period (1950-1960) in which “the new philosophy” (Dialectical Materialism, DIAMAT) was disseminated in society, and the second period (1970-1980) in which Marxism could not be reduced to DIAMAT. Are these periods subsumed to the universal ideology (DIAMAT) or not?

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccines: The status and perspectives in delivery points of view

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Jee Young Chung ◽  
Melissa N. Thone ◽  
Young Jik Kwon
Keyword(s):  
The Status ◽  
Points Of View

Dialectic in the Hands of a Handwerker: Joseph Dietzgen and the Humble Beginnings of Dialectical Materialism

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-384
Author(s):  
Eric-John Russell
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Dialectical Method ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Marxist Ideology ◽  
The Status ◽  
German Worker ◽  
Materialist Dialectic

Engels once remarked to Marx that the “materialist dialectic, which for years has been our best working tool and our sharpest weapon, was, remarkably enough, discovered not only by us but also, independently of us and even of Hegel, by a German worker, Joseph Dietzgen.” The status of the dialectic, however, within what ought to instead be described as Dietzgen's inductive empiricism, is problematic. Dietzgen's work stands as a hitherto unacknowledged precursor to the Marxist ideology of Diamat. The first question is whether or not Marx's materialism ought to be conflated with Dietzgen's empiricism. Second, Dietzgen's efforts to establish a theory of human thought structured through the methods of the natural sciences requires critical evaluation. Although Dietzgen's works may anticipate some of the theoretical contours of Diamat, equating materialism with empiricism and rendering the dialectical method into a universal methodology on a par with the methods of the natural sciences, as pursued by Dietzgen, is a project that is perhaps not worthy of Marx's and Engels’ nominal veneration.

scholarly journals ПОЛІТИКО-ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАКОНОДАВЧОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВИБОРЧОГО ПРОЦЕСУ В СУЧАСНІЙ УКРАЇНІ

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
Г. М. Нечаєва
Keyword(s):  
State Power ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Will ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Stability

This article examines the stages of the electoral process based on the legislation of Ukraine on elections since the proclamation of independent Ukraine until now. Considerable attention is paid to the disclosure of the concept of "electoral process", since democracy and the legitimacy of the entire system of public authorities depend to the electoral democracy. On the basis of various points of view of scientists, scholars of lawyers it can be concluded that the electoral process as a legal category is an independent legal institution of constitutional law, which should be understood as a set of constitutional and procedural norms governing the formation of representative bodies of the state and other elected bodies of state power and bodies of local self-government, election of state officials. The issue of the legislative support of the electoral process in Ukraine, the problem of the formation of a system of electoral legislation in Ukraine on the basis of which the electoral process takes place - elections of the President of Ukraine, people's deputies of Ukraine, deputies of local councils and village, town and city mayors. Adequate reflection of the will of the citizens on the formation of a system of government, the creation of conditions for free and deliberate expression of will require not only the legislative consolidation of the principles of free and fair elections, but also detailed legal regulation of procedures for conducting an election campaign, determination of the status of the subjects of the electoral process, their rights and obligations defining the results of elections, etc. The necessity of formation and establishment of a stable electoral culture of voters and the stability of electoral legislation for ensuring the proper realization of the electoral rights of Ukrainian citizens is indicated. However, the main problem is not so much in adopting laws that would comply with generally accepted democratic principles, but in ensuring compliance with these principles in practice, which does not always lie in the field of legislative regulation. In order to ensure legality in the process of organizing and holding elections, the functioning and interaction of all branches of state power, local self-government bodies and public associations must be agreed upon.

scholarly journals TERMS, NOMENS AND PRAGMATONYMS IN THE SPECIAL LANGUAGE OF SPORT (Based on Eponymous Terms)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Natalia N. Bobyreva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
International Character ◽  
Suggested Classification ◽  
Special Language

The article deals with the problem of distinguishing between terminology and nomenclature in the eponymous lexis of sports. It starts with a review of research works concerned with the differences between terms, nomens, and pragmatonyms. As the extralinguistic factors influence research into peculiarities of a particular special language, including the status of its units, there is also provided a review of works covering the problems of special sports lexis classification. Eponymous lexis is considered as a special and significant inventory of special language units, from the historical, cultural, and professional points of view. The proper name as a constituent of eponymous terms, nomens, and pragmatonyms predetermines the similarities between these types of lexis. The functional features common for eponymous terms, nomens, and pragmatonyms are their international character and stylistic neutrality, i. e. the ability to function in all the registers of communication. Distinguishing between eponymous terminology and nomenclature is based on the semantic criteria, namely the idea of the referent’s oneness. The semantic meaning and thematic relatedness of the unit, as well as the nomination principles, are taken into account. Eponymous terms are the units formed on the basis of proper names and denoting actions, systems of exercises, equipment, rules, formulae for coun­ting the results. Eponymous nomens are the units naming sports facilities, competitions, prizes, teams, and clubs. The names of products manufactured in lots are considered to be pragmatonyms. The methodology upon which the suggested classification is based may be used in research on special languages of other spheres, eponymous units related to different themes, and while analyzing the linguistic features of units belonging to the special language of sports.

scholarly journals VIEWS OF POLITICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL TRENDS RELATED TO THE LAND CONFLICT AND ITS STATUS

Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
R. Akhmaganbetov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Land Conflicts ◽  
Land Conflict ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Status ◽  
Actual Conflict ◽  
Points Of View

The land conflict has long been a type of actual conflict. There are land conflicts of various levels in Kazakhstan. There are different points of view related to the land conflict. There are many prerequisites for the emergence of these views. The study examined the views of representatives of various political and philosophical trends related to the status of the earth. Representatives of the liberal trend consider land as capital. The analysis of the works of representatives of the liberal movement considering land as capital is carried out. Representatives of the socialist trend consider land as state property. Lenin's works deal with issues related to the resolution of the land conflict. Representatives of postcolonialism explain the emergence of the earthly conflict by the influence of colonial empires. In connection with the land conflict, the positions of the Alash intelligentsia are considered. Meanwhile, the analysis of differences in the views of socialists and the Alash intelligentsia in resolving the land conflict was carried out. In traditional Kazakh society, land is considered as a value. This is not consistent with the concepts of capital or property. The earth is considered as a sacred concept. A comparative analysis of such different points of view is carried out. The historical prerequisites for the emergence of a land conflict at the present time are considered.

Folklore and Dialectical Materialism. A Case Study of Ethnomusicological Research in Communist Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-275
Author(s):  
Theodor Constantiniu
Keyword(s):  
Folk Music ◽  
Contemporary Music ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Communist Regime ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Communist Ideology ◽  
Folk Performance ◽  
Repressive Regime

"Romanian ethnomusicology has a series of less discussed and, implicitly, less understood topics. One of them is the relatively vast literature that addresses the new folklore that appeared after the installation of the communist regime and the folk music of artistic ensembles performed on stage. Most of the texts written on these subjects display a strong political and ideological pressure. Consequently, they are either forgotten or superficially perceived as evidence of a repressive regime, adding to the general belief that the communist regime turned peasant art into an instrument of propaganda. Starting from a study signed by Ioan R. Nicola on music collected from Mărginimea Sibiului, we will try to understand the theoretical horizon and the ideological limitations that influenced the way researchers wrote about contemporary music phenomena in the second half of the twentieth century. Despite the constraints, we argue that ethnomusicologists had at hand a coherent system of analysis of the folk music, which they had to adapt to the official ideology. Keywords: new folklore, amateur artistic ensembles, folk performance, ethnomusicologic research, communist ideology"

DEFINITION OF GRAMMATICAL STATUS PARTICIPATIONS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Vasilievna Artamonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Hybrid Features ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Special Place ◽  
The Status ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Problematic Aspect

Communion as part of speech occupies a special place in the structure of the Russian language, since it represents a problematic aspect of grammar. Already when determining the grammatical status of participle, the first difficulties appear, which is associated with hybrid features of participle, since it combines the features of two independent parts of speech - the adjective and the verb. The works of linguists describe different approaches to determining the status of communion. At present, it is possible to state the existence in Russian grammar of several points of view on the definition of the nature of communion.

scholarly journals What Is New in Thyroid Cancer: The Special Issue of the Journal Cancers

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3036
Author(s):  
Efisio Puxeddu ◽  
Giovanni Tallini ◽  
Roberta Vanni
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Prognostic Parameters ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
Molecular Oncology ◽  
The Status ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Molecular Aspects

The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased over the past 3 to 4 decades. Nonetheless, the mortality from thyroid cancer has remained stable. The thyroid gland may develop nodules encompassing several types of cell proliferation, from frankly benign to very aggressive forms with many intermediate challenging variants. For this reason, there is growing interest in evaluating thyroid nodules from many points of view, from the clinical to the molecular aspects, in the search for innovative diagnostic and prognostic parameters. The aim of this Special Issue was to provide an overview of recent developments in understanding the biology and molecular oncology of thyroid tumors of follicular cell derivation and their repercussions on the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. The contributions of many experts in the field made up a Special Issue of Cancers journal, that focusing on different aspects, including mechanistic and functional facets, gives the status of art of clinical and biological perspectives of thyroid cancer.

scholarly journals Pharmacognosy and Its Role in the System of Profile Disciplines in Pharmacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2094545
Author(s):  
Lucie Cahlíková ◽  
Marcela Šafratová ◽  
Anna Hošťálková ◽  
Jakub Chlebek ◽  
Daniela Hulcová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biogenic Material ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
In Silico Methods

The primal discipline from which pharmacy has developed can be considered as pharmacognosy. This review defines pharmacognosy while reflecting on the latest development and discourse about its justifiability in the educational system in pharmaceutical faculties and the history of development of new drugs under the influence of pharmacognosy. The article defines the status quo of the pharmacognosy area, or more precisely its parts (biology, chemistry, production, and technology) and discusses their connections. It underlines the legitimacy of application of natural drugs in therapy, which is undeniable, and proves that whether a new drug was prepared either synthetically or isolated from a natural source is not important. The overview follows the basic requirements of pharmacognosy, especially its methodology (usage of faster and more effective phyto-analytical methods, reverse pharmacology, and reverse pharmacognosy, in silico methods). Pharmacognosy is confronted by three major challenges in the 21st century that can push it significantly forward: ethnopharmacological sources evaluation, evaluation of nutraceuticals, and pharmacognosy of marine organisms. The educational system of universities should correspond to these new demands. However, in some areas the educational system is not prepared to face the challenges of the time. The basic requirement is to adopt a complex attitude to biogenic material and utilize the connections of this complexity in the teaching of modern pharmacy.

Elevating Optics: The Title Page by Peter Paul Rubens of Franciscus Aguilonius’s Opticorum Libri Sex (1613) in its Historical Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-242
Author(s):  
Gitta Bertram
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Title Page ◽  
Peter Paul Rubens ◽  
Architectural Elements ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mathematical Sciences

The title page for the six books on optics by Franciscus Aguilonius shows optics as a science in its own right, as the queen of mathematical sciences. It also offers a visual discussion on the importance of the science within the Jesuit belief and educational system. Drawing on a well-known visual language consisting of allegorical, mythological and architectural elements, Rubens elevates Optics to the status of a queen, while also emphasising the connection of vision, the passions and knowledge, especially spiritual knowledge. This connection is not only the key to understanding of Rubens’s title page, but it explains the awkward outdatedness of Aguilonius’s book, in that it does not touch upon Kepler’s latest theories. The book was nevertheless important for Jesuit teaching in the following decades. This article offers a reading of the Aguilonius title page in its historical context.

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