Drums, Banners and Baraka: Symbols of Authority during the First Century of Marīnid Rule, 1250–1350*

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira K. Bennison
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
First Century ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Textual Image ◽  
The City ◽  
Power And Authority

This chapter explores how the Marīnid sultans expressed their authority to their subjects, especially those living beyond Fes, their capital city, during their first century of rule. The construction of palatine cities and madrasas were important marks of Marīnid authority in urban space but, as a dynasty ruling over a large rural tribal population, the Marīnids also needed to express their power and authority beyond the city. The chapter begins with analysis of the textual image of kingship presented in Marīnid chronicles and then considers how that image was disseminated to the population. It looks at Marīnid military progresses (ḥarakāt) between their fortresses and towns and Marīnid military engagements in the rural environment and shows how they used a number of symbols of monarchy, from the historically resonant Qurʾān of ʿUthmān to generic items such as drums and banners to make their power manifest.

scholarly journals The space of Chisinau as a resource for the formation of urban identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Ivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
East European ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City ◽  
Core Features

This paper examines the case of Chisinau urban milieu in the context of the ongoing process of transition. The capital city of the Republic of Moldova represents the reflection of society as a whole, being not just a political, cultural and economic center of the country, but a migration hub for the rest of the Moldovan population as well. As a post-Soviet and East-European city, it combines features of both modernization and degradation, generating such phenomena as ruralisation, gated communities in the center of the city, semi-public spaces, chaotic parking, lack of city planning, lack of heterogeneity of the urban space, etc. The urban milieu of Chisinau represents a complicated formation of coexisting social strata with different cultures, memories, aesthetics and urban identities, which can be sometimes conflicting. More uniform representations about the city need the actualization of its symbolic capital, as well as the creation and maintenance of a brand, which should unite core features of different urban identities.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban structures to challenge climate change

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil CREANGA ◽  
Maria DUDA
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The City

Public spaces within the city in all their form of different types - streets, boulevards, squares, plazas, market places, green areas - are the backbone of cities. Over the centuries buildings defined the shape and quality of public spaces, valorising them in various ways. The post-modern development of urban form generated a great number of “urban spaces”, where there is no longer correspondence between architectural forms and social and political messages: shopping malls and theme parks, inner public spaces, strip developments etc. Urban sprawl accompanied by loss of agricultural/rural land and its impact on the environment are serious concerns for most cities over Europe. To strike the right balance between inner city regeneration, under-use of urban land in the old abandoned sites and the ecological benefits that accompany the new private business initiatives in suburban areas, is one of the major challenges confronting cities in Europe. The paper will analyze the complex relations between architecture and public space, in an attempt to understand how traditional urban structures, public and green spaces, squares and streets, could provide orientation for quality-oriented regeneration. Case in point is Bucharest - capital city of Romania - where aggressive intervention in the urban structure during the 1980s disrupted the fabric of the city. The investigation is oriented towards fundamental questions such as: how to secure and preserve sites that serve as initial points in upgrading processes, how to balance private investment criteria and the quality interests of the urban communities.The major aim is to provide a support for decision making in restoring the fundamental role of public urban space in shaping urban form and supporting community life.

scholarly journals La Mortalite Infanto-Juvenile A Bouafle : Contribution A L’analyse Des Conditions De Vie Dans Une Ville Ivoirienne

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Kadet G. Bertin ◽  
Adjelou Kessou ◽  
Anoh Kouassi Paul
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Harmful Effects

The dynamics of Bouaflé, an urban locality in the center-west of Côte d'Ivoire, faces a double challenge. On the one hand, the plight related to the mortality of the under-five stands out as a threat to their future. On the other hand, owing to lack of drinking water in the city as well as harmful effects of polluting activities on the local environment, environmental pathologies affect the urban space. From available documents on this city supplemented by field surveys, this study showcases an inventory of the determining factors of infant and child mortality in Bouaflé and highlights the limitations of local governance in the quest for a sustainable development for the capital city of the Marahoué.

scholarly journals A SNAPSHOT OF HAPPINESS: PHOTO ALBUMS, RESPECTABILITY AND ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY IN DAKAR

Africa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Buggenhagen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Capital City ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTYoung women who live in the improvised urban spaces on the outskirts of Senegal's capital city, Dakar, extemporize their respectability in a time of fiscal uncertainty through personal photography. The neighbourhood of Khar Yalla is an improvised, interconnected and multilayered space settled by families removed from the city centre during clean-up campaigns from the 1960s to the 1970s, by families escaping conflict in Casamance and Guinea-Bissau, and by recent rural migrants. As much as Khar Yalla is an improvised neighbourhood, it is also a space of improvisation. When women pose for, display, and pass around portraits of themselves at key moments in their social life, whether in the medium of social networking sites or photo albums, they reveal as much as they conceal the elements of individual and social life. They index their social networks and constitute their urban space not as peripheral, but as central to the lives and imaginations of their siblings and spouses who live abroad. Photographs actively shape and construct urban spaces, which are often loud, unruly and fraught spaces with vast inequalities and incommensurabilities. How women deal with economic and social disparity, within their own families, communities, and globally, is the subject of this article.

Demographic Aging in the Capital of Ukraine, its Features and Modern Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
I.O. KURYLO
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Big City ◽  
The City

The purpose of this work is to conduct in-depth comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of demographic aging in the city of Kyiv, to identify its distinctive features and the specifics of the issues caused by this process. Demographic aging in the capital is analyzed in a comparative context - against the background of the urban population of the country (excluding the population of Kyiv) and in comparison with the urban population of the adjacent Kyiv region. Demographic aging is investigated with such methods of estimation which haven’t been used in studies of these territorial objects yet. As it’s shown by traditional indicators of aging, the population of Kyiv is estimated now to be younger than the urban population of Ukraine (without Kyiv), but somewhat older than the urban population of the Kyiv region. Over the past fi ve years, the aging process has accelerated in the capital and the surrounding region. Also the proportion of the oldest among the elderly has increased. Abovementio- ned were caused by both some improvement in the survival and the infl uence of the “de- mographic wave”. Due to the survival advantages in Kyiv, the prospective age for its population is higher. So the indicator of aging by prospective age and prospective old age dependency ratio show that the population of Kyiv is younger than the urban population of the country (excluding Kyiv) as well as the population of Kyiv region. Th e capital has relatively better demoeconomic conditions for social-economic development and for the potential support of elderly by the active population. Th e demographic aging in the city will progress rapidly in the future. Th is inference made using the model of the stable population and calculations on the medium-term demographic forecast for Kyiv. Capital city due to its specific role and functions is stated to have increased needs for the development of medical care (especially highly specialized) and various social services adressed to the elderly. Author identifies the specific risks for the elderly in the big city due to the COVID-19 epidemic and the corresponding challenges for the health and social care system. Also paper deals with the imperatives for restructuring the urban space to achieve sanitation norms, ensure the avai- lability of everyday infrastructure for people of all ages and generally comfortable living conditions for elderly in big city.

scholarly journals Appropriating Pools: At Play in the Spaces of the City

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trippe Micah
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
First Century ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Private Spaces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The City

This essay examines skateboarding as an architectural act of pleasure that allows private spaces in cities to be appropriated for alternative uses. In particular, the appropriation of swimming pools by skateboarders will be explored, from the renegade to the officially sanctioned, to explore socio-political aspects of space. The film Dogtown and Z-Boys (Stacy Peralta, 2001) provides a primary source for this examination, and will be used as a vehicle through which to examine these issues, particularly in Los Angeles. Recent appropriations of swimming pools in New York will provide a secondary reference. In Dogtown and Z-Boys , swimming pools form a playground in which skaters in 1970s Los Angeles re-appropriated urban space for their own use. This paper will argue that the appropriation of swimming pools by skateboarders has provided a viable venue for alternative uses of the city that include both play and dissent. By framing the history of swimming pools in late 20 th century America, a case will be presented for how skateboarders’ appropriation of swimming pools in 1970s Los Angeles can provide clues to continual opportunities for alternative configurations and uses of twenty-first century urban space.

scholarly journals O COMPLEXO VIÁRIO ULISSES DE GÓIS E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NO ESPAÇO URBANO DA ZONA NORTE DE NATAL/RN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Iapony Rodrigues Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Transit System ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

THE ULISSES DE GÓIS VIALE COMPLEX AND ITS IMPLICATIONS IN THE URBAN AREA OF THE NORTH OF NATAL ZONE/ RNEL COMPLEJO VIARIO ULISSES DE GÓIS Y SUS IMPLICACIONES EN EL ESPACIO URBANO DE LA ZONA NORTE DE NATAL/RNO complexo viário Ulisses de Góis localizado na porção Norte da capital potiguar é composto pela Ponte Ulisses de Góis, mais conhecida como Ponte de Igapó, a qual foi, durante mais de três décadas, a única ligação entre a porção Norte com o restante da cidade e pelo Viaduto Ulisses de Góis, concluído em 2002, o qual interliga a Ponte de Igapó com outras relevantes artérias desta Zona administrativa natalense. Com a construção deste último componente viário, ocorreram profundas dinâmicas no sistema de trânsito não somente da Zona Norte como o da capital potiguar. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa visou compreender a influência do complexo viário nas dinâmicas impostas no sistema de trânsito e nas próprias configurações urbanas da capital potiguar e as possíveis melhorias (ou não) trazidas por esta obra viária para a fluência dos veículos automotores. Assim, através de pesquisas bibliográficas e pesquisas de campo realizada com a aplicação de questionários estruturados a usuários e moradores da área em questão, observou-se que, apesar de considerável parcela dos usuários (48%) afirmarem que ocorreu significativa melhoria no trânsito da zona Norte com a construção do Viaduto Ulisses de Góis, uma parcela não menos importante (37%) considera que o impacto da construção do viaduto para a fluidez do trânsito fora insignificante, pois a construção do viaduto não contribuiu para a resolução dos problemas de circulação de veículos. Percebeu-se, assim, que se torna necessário dotar a cidade de um planejamento voltado para a sua realidade, objetivando aumentar ainda mais a fluidez do trânsito na capital potiguar, através de medidas como o incremento do transporte de massa, possibilitando ainda mais a mobilidade urbana e, assim, constituindo uma cidade mais justa e igualitária para todos os natalenses.Palavras-chave: Espaço Urbano; Complexo Viário; Trânsito.ABSTRACTThe Ulisses de Góis road complex located in the northern part of the capital of potiguar is made up of the Ulisses de Góis Bridge, better known as the Igapó Bridge, which for more than three decades was the only link between the North and the rest of the city and by the Ulisses de Góis Viaduct, completed in 2002, which connects the Igapó Bridge with other relevant arteries of this natal Administrative Zone. With the construction of this last road component, there were profound dynamics in the transit system, not only in the Northern Zone, but also in the capital city. In this way, the present research aimed to understand the influence of the road complex on the dynamics imposed on the transit system and on the urban configurations of the capital of potiguar and the possible improvements (or not) brought by this highway work for the fluency of motor vehicles. Thus, through bibliographic research and field research carried out with the application of structured questionnaires to users and residents of the area in question, it was observed that, despite a considerable portion of users (48%), they affirmed that there was a significant improvement in the area's traffic (37%) considered that the impact of the construction of the viaduct to traffic flow was insignificant, since the construction of the viaduct did not contribute to the vehicles. It was realized, therefore, that it is necessary to endow the city with a planning focused on its reality, aiming to increase even more the flow of traffic in the capital of potiguar, through measures such as the increase of mass transport, making possible even more mobility urban and, thus, being a fairer and egalitarian city for all natalians.Keywords: Urban Space; Road Complex; Traffic.RESUMENEl complejo vial Ulisses de Góis ubicado en la porción Norte de la capital potiguar está compuesto por el Puente Ulisses de Góis, más conocido como Puente de Igapó, el cual fue durante más de tres décadas la única conexión entre la porción Norte con el resto de la ciudad y por el Viaducto Ulisses de Góis, concluido en 2002, el que interconecta el Puente de Igapó con otras relevantes arterias de esta Zona administrativa natalense. Con la construcción de este último componente viario, ocurrieron profundas dinámicas en el sistema de tránsito, no solamente en la Zona Norte como el de la capital potiguar. De esta forma, la presente investigación pretendió comprender la influencia del complejo vial en las dinámicas impuestas en el sistema de tránsito y en las propias configuraciones urbanas de la capital potiguar, y las posibles mejoras (o no) traídas por esta obra vial para la fluencia de los vehículos automotores. Por lo tanto, a través de investigaciones bibliográficas e investigaciones de campo, realizada con la aplicación de cuestionarios estructurados a usuarios y residentes del área en cuestión, se observó que: a pesar de la considerable proporción de los usuarios (48%) que afirman que ocurrió una significativa mejora en el tránsito de la zona, en el norte con la construcción del Viaducto Ulisses de Góis, una parte no menos importante (37%), considera que el impacto de la construcción del viaducto para la fluidez del tránsito fue insignificante, pues no contribuyó a la resolución de los problemas de circulación de los vehículos. Se percibió, que se hace necesario dotar a la ciudad de una planificación volcada hacia su realidad, con el objetivo de aumentar aún más la fluidez del tránsito en la capital potiguar, a través de medidas como el incremento del transporte de masa, posibilitando aún más la movilidad urbana y, así, constituyendo una ciudad más justa e igualitaria para todos los natalenses.Palabras clave: Espacio Urbano; Complejo Vial; Tráfico.

Gender and Realisation of Women’s Right to the City in Tehran

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladan Rahbari ◽  
Mahmoud Sharepour
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

The right to the city consists of the right to appropriate spaces and participate in processes therein. Appropriation is referred to having share of the space, using it, owning it and valuing it because it has use value. Participation in the city includes decision making, constructing and living in the urban space. Components of right to the city can be approached from three dimensions, namely the politico-economic, physical and socio-anthropological. Based on the three levels of urban analysis introduced by Henry Lefebvre, the three dimensions can be further categorised. The right to the city has not been realised equally for men and women. Structural constraints have limited women’s participation and appropriation of the city. By extracting the components of the two dimensions of the right to the city, and by applying a quantitative methodological approach, this article aims to investigate gender differences in realisation of right to the city in the Iranian capital city.

The Cartographic Capital

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kory Olson
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Look ◽  
The City

Through official maps, this book looks at how government presentations of Paris and environs change over the course of the Third Republic (1889-1934). Governmental policies, such as the creation of a mandatory national uniform educational system that will eventually include geography, combined with technological advances in the printing industry, to alter the look, exposure, reception, and distribution of government maps. The government initially seemed to privilege an exclusively positive view of the capital city and limited its presentation of it to land inside the walled fortifications. However, as the Republic progressed and Paris grew, technology altered how Parisians used and understood their urban space. Rail and automobiles made moving about the city and environs easier while increased industrialization moved factories and their workers further out into the Seine Department. During this time, maps transitioned from reflecting the past to documenting the present. With the advent of French urbanism after World War I, official mapped views of greater Paris abandoned privileging past achievements and began to mirror actual residential and industrial development as it pushed further out from the city center. Finally, the government needed to plan for the future of greater Paris and official maps begin to show how the government viewed the direction of its capital city.

scholarly journals Los Angeles: The Capital of the Armenian Immigrant Community in the Twenty-First Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3 (181)) ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
Monika Machowska
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
First Century ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The City

This article is an introduction to the subject of Armenian Americans in Los Angeles, both within the broader context of the diaspora and a narrower one, presenting an analysis of the mutual relations between the Armenian community and the city. In the twenty-first century, Los Angeles has become home to the second largest urban population of Armenians in the world after Yerevan. It consists of three main groups: descendants of the first immigrants, refugees from the Middle East, and most recently, the so-called “Soviet” Armenians and immigrants from the Republic of Armenia. The construction of the Armenian Americans Museum will begin in the near future. The mission of the institution will be to document the experience of Armenian migration and to support the maintenance of ethnic identity among the next generations of the diaspora. In Glendale, an ethnoburb of Los Angeles, Armenian Americans make up 40 percent of the population. A significant proportion of the administrative decision-makers there come from the Armenian diaspora. The city is not only the informal second capital city for the Armenian global community, but also an incubator for its cultural project; in particular, it is a center of the Armenian music industry.

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