Demographic Aging in the Capital of Ukraine, its Features and Modern Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
I.O. KURYLO
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Big City ◽  
The City

The purpose of this work is to conduct in-depth comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of demographic aging in the city of Kyiv, to identify its distinctive features and the specifics of the issues caused by this process. Demographic aging in the capital is analyzed in a comparative context - against the background of the urban population of the country (excluding the population of Kyiv) and in comparison with the urban population of the adjacent Kyiv region. Demographic aging is investigated with such methods of estimation which haven’t been used in studies of these territorial objects yet. As it’s shown by traditional indicators of aging, the population of Kyiv is estimated now to be younger than the urban population of Ukraine (without Kyiv), but somewhat older than the urban population of the Kyiv region. Over the past fi ve years, the aging process has accelerated in the capital and the surrounding region. Also the proportion of the oldest among the elderly has increased. Abovementio- ned were caused by both some improvement in the survival and the infl uence of the “de- mographic wave”. Due to the survival advantages in Kyiv, the prospective age for its population is higher. So the indicator of aging by prospective age and prospective old age dependency ratio show that the population of Kyiv is younger than the urban population of the country (excluding Kyiv) as well as the population of Kyiv region. Th e capital has relatively better demoeconomic conditions for social-economic development and for the potential support of elderly by the active population. Th e demographic aging in the city will progress rapidly in the future. Th is inference made using the model of the stable population and calculations on the medium-term demographic forecast for Kyiv. Capital city due to its specific role and functions is stated to have increased needs for the development of medical care (especially highly specialized) and various social services adressed to the elderly. Author identifies the specific risks for the elderly in the big city due to the COVID-19 epidemic and the corresponding challenges for the health and social care system. Also paper deals with the imperatives for restructuring the urban space to achieve sanitation norms, ensure the avai- lability of everyday infrastructure for people of all ages and generally comfortable living conditions for elderly in big city.

scholarly journals LANDSCAPES OF CITY AND LANSIA THAT SUFFER (THE CASE OF FATHER'S SPION GLASS, HUANG YONGMEI WORK)

Bambuti ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Hin Goan Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Big City ◽  
Rearview Mirror ◽  
The City

Abstract. City is a symbol of modernity. The revival of the Urban Fiction genre in contemporary Chinese literature is driven by writers of the 1970s. It portrays not only urban landscapes with the beauty in their works, but also exposes the souls that suffer in urban spaces. As a symbol of a modern, advanced and civilized life portrayed in Huang Yongmei's short story "Rearview Mirror", it has a dark side. Various changes that move to bring progress do not necessarily change the fate and fortune of urban people who live in it. Instead of being able to enjoy a comfortable and orderly urban space, an elderly former truck driver in the text seems to be moving back in time. Huang Yongmei, literary winner of the 7th Lu Xun literary award (2018), builds allegories about denial of the progress or modernity of today's China. The Rearview Mirror property serves as a kind of reminder of how many parts of past lives have been left behind as we go fast in the flow of change. The magnitude of the progress and the change can only be measured by constantly looking back to its rickety and worn-out past. The suffer of the city people in old age is symbolized with the scene of going backwards, as a healing therapy for the abnormal spine due to sitting behind the wheel for too long. When the city people rush over each day, this old man goes backwards. The complexity of big city problems make the elderly desperate. Widower in old age, deceived by false loyalty, habit of going back to the past have turned into a swimming backstroke. Huang Yongmei has arrived to the point of firmness by keeping the urban’s subject away from the sparkling city life that just makes the little people suffer. The Father's Rearview Mirror text asserts that the urban subject who suffers in his last days leave his hometown, for good.  

scholarly journals Frailty and social support: the care services response to aging in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Kholostov
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Services ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The State ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Health And Social Care

Abstract In the twenty-first century, ageing of population, having become a global phenomenon, raised questions about the need to consider the social services of the elderly from an institutional perspective. Thus, the number of Russians over the age of 100 in 2018 exceeded 15.7 thousand people. In Moscow, as in the mega polis, in 2018 more than 3.4031 million people (27.2%) are older than working age. Different countries have their own characteristics of social service systems, models and policies, it depends to a large extent on the traditions of assistance, sources of financing, the space of responsibility assumed by the State, society, the family and the individual himself. New technologies to be applied for working with the elderly in Russia. Transition to the establishment of a system of long-term care at the level of multidisciplinary cooperation (reform of the residential care system; development of community based services, formation of Social Support Services for 75+, foster family for the elderly).Development of active longevityChanging the role repertoire of an older person (formation of new types of social roles previously characteristic of younger ages; changing of intergenerational link formats, etc.).The growing social responsibility of the State contributes to a more effective interaction between health and social care authorities, as well as a more active involvement of the NGO sector in addressing the problems of older persons.The increase in the number of older persons leads to the creation and active development of a silver economy that contributes to improving the well-being of people.Transfer of retraining and advanced training systems to the competent level according to professional standards (independent assessment of qualifications, personnel diagnostics, formation of individual trajectory of education, training of multiple disciplinary teams).

scholarly journals The space of Chisinau as a resource for the formation of urban identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Ivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
East European ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The City ◽  
Core Features

This paper examines the case of Chisinau urban milieu in the context of the ongoing process of transition. The capital city of the Republic of Moldova represents the reflection of society as a whole, being not just a political, cultural and economic center of the country, but a migration hub for the rest of the Moldovan population as well. As a post-Soviet and East-European city, it combines features of both modernization and degradation, generating such phenomena as ruralisation, gated communities in the center of the city, semi-public spaces, chaotic parking, lack of city planning, lack of heterogeneity of the urban space, etc. The urban milieu of Chisinau represents a complicated formation of coexisting social strata with different cultures, memories, aesthetics and urban identities, which can be sometimes conflicting. More uniform representations about the city need the actualization of its symbolic capital, as well as the creation and maintenance of a brand, which should unite core features of different urban identities.

scholarly journals Organization of Medical-Social Services for the Elderly Internally Displaced persons from the ATO Zones at the Level of Primary Medico-Sanitary Care

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Vera Chaykovska ◽  
Tatiyana Vialykh ◽  
Nataliya Velichko ◽  
Vadim Tolstikh ◽  
Svitlana Moskaliuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Health And Social Care

This paper is concerned with the organizationofmedical-socialservicesfortheelderly internally displaced personsfrom theATO zonesat the level of primary medico-sanitary aid.Sociologicalinvestigationsusingpersonal questionnairesandexperts’evaluationshave shown thatsocial-psychological characteristics oftheelderlyinternallydisplacedpersons(IDPs),Theirsocialadaptation, inadequatefinancingandlowlevelofmedico-socialcare,as well as their preferences make it necessary organize healthmonitoringsystem, treatment, rehabilitation and long-term care by family doctors, information centres, day-time stayand rehabilitation centres.WehavedevelopedthemodeloforganizingambulatoryservicesfortheelderlyIDPsat the level of primarymedico-socialcare(PMSC)that would include structural modernization and optimization of its optimal provision. Inouropinion, thismodelismostaccessibleandeconomicallygrounded. It allowsprovide interaction and co-operation of the professionals of health and social care institutions, optimization of standards and principles of medical care. Implementationofthismodelasmostaccessibleandeconomicallygroundedwould allowinteractionandcooperationoftheprofessionalsofhealthcareorganizationsandsocialprotectionsettings.Introductionofthismodel,asmostaccessibleandeconomicallygrounded,would allowensureinteractionandcooperationoftheprofessionalsofhealthcareand social protection institutions, optimizeobservation of the medical care standards and principles. Wehavedevelopedmethodologicalapproachesfortrainingthephysiciansandhealthcare-giversreceivingkeyknowledgeanddeveloping self-carehabitsfortheelderlyIDPsattheir homesconsideringtheirmedico-socialandpsychologicalneeds.

scholarly journals Social Assistance in the Conditions of Population Aging: Comparative Analysis of Domestic and Foreign Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Mikhail V. Firsov, ◽  
◽  
Margarita V. Vdovina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Support Provision ◽  
Homes For The Elderly ◽  
Demographic Aging

Since the second half of the twentieth century, humanity has increasingly begun to face the contradictory consequences of population aging. In our country, various practices of social assistance to aging citizens have also begun to expand, primarily related to their medical, social and material support, provision of social services at home, which were an alternative to living and servicing in homes for the elderly and disabled. It was during these years that the system of social assistance to the older generation (first of all, the lonely, those with chronic diseases and those in need of outside help), which is currently functioning, was laid. However, the domestic model was quite different from the foreign ones. Nevertheless, it made it possible to support various groups of people of late age and to develop certain socio-political approaches in the context of demographic aging.

A trial of telecare for supporting care to the elderly in Liverpool

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew A Reeves ◽  
Nigel M Barnes ◽  
Tom Mizutani ◽  
Steve J Brown
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Service ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Home Gateway ◽  
Social Service Delivery ◽  
The People ◽  
Provision Of Care ◽  
The City ◽  
Possible Cause

A pilot telecare system was trialled in Liverpool. It was used to support the provision of care to 21 of the city council's elderly and frail social services clients. A typical installation consisted of about 20 wireless, ambient sensors in the client's home. A home gateway device ran alerting algorithms designed to learn the normal patterns of user behaviour and to identify deviations from this in real-time. When deviations were detected, social service delivery teams were alerted to a possible cause for concern. The pilot service ran for about 30 months and included a period of examination by independent evaluators. The evaluation found that overall the people who used the service – both users and carers – were overwhelmingly pleased with it and viewed it as a great success.

scholarly journals Participation in Cities in Sociological Discourse

Discourse ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
A. A. Beschasnaya ◽  
N. N. Pokrovskaia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
City Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Introduction. The social practice of participativeness, active participation in the transformation of urban space in the interests of residents, is gaining popularity among the urban population. The study of this phenomenon is interest for obvious integration with management decisions. Expanding the practice of implementing social activity of the population and studying the components of participativeness determine the goal of writing the paper-the formation of a theoretical and methodological basis for studying this phenomenon.Methodology and source. The paper presents a review of classical and modern sociological theories that reveal the potential of empirical study of aspects of the manifestation of participation of urban residents. Among the mentioned by the authors are the theory of social action, social solidarity, phenomenology, social constructivism.Results and discussion. The problematic nature of living in cities and the penetration of these problems into the daily interaction of citizens forms the origins of solidary participation of citizens-individual and private interests form collective actions-processes. Multiple individual forms of citizens' activity on urban improvement are transformed into participativeness – institutionalized joint activity. Its participants can take differentiated positions in the social structure of the urban community according to the criteria of having a diverse experience of interaction, i.e. exchange, with the urban environment and taking a position in the city management structure, which determines the level of regulated authority to make managerial decisions. The problems of urban life that are common to different categories of citizens and the typification of social activity to solve them order the interaction of participants, organize and “produce” the urban space.Conclusion. In the process of reasoning, a theoretical model of the formation of participativeness is presented, which allows us to trace the transformation of activity of the urban population into the right to the city and the formation of a favorable urban environment.

scholarly journals Budget Support for Active Aging Processes in the Context of the Sustainability of Public Finances

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
O. S. Bilousovа
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Active Aging ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Budget Support ◽  
Demographic Aging ◽  
The Government

The article is devoted to the problems of budget support of active aging processes and sustainability of public finances of Ukraine. This problem is urgent because of the accelerating pace of demographic aging, cross-country migration, limited budgetary resources, which in their totality increase the burden on the younger generation, create financial risks for the government and households. This problem remains out of research focus in spite of the rising need to increase budget expenditures, maintain the long-term sustainability of public finances, enforce new regulatory measures on the labor market and the health care system, provide social and educational services, and reduce the poverty among the elderly. New approaches to citizen support should be in line with the European norms, which, in their totality, contribute to the active longevity of the population, reduction of the tax burden, relief of the pressure on the next generations and continuity between generations. The financial support of social services provided to the elderly is analyzed, with identifying its problematic aspects. In order to improve approaches to financing social services, a Matrix of Choice of Social Services for Active Aging and Forms of Financing is constructed. To expand the sources of funding for active aging processes, it is proposed to introduce co-financing of selected social projects by government and businesses. It is substantiated that the Sustainable Development Goals, as well as the provisions of the Active Aging Strategy, should be consistent and taken into consideration in formulating social and budgetary policies that need to be based on the targets of the Active Aging Index. In order to implement the budget mechanism “money goes after a person”, aimed to enhance the targeting of social assistance programs, amendments to the Budget Code of Ukraine, the Economic Code of Ukraine, the Laws of Ukraine “On social services”, “On improving the accessibility and quality of health care in rural areas” are proposed. Recommendations on using the compensatory mechanisms to enhance the ability of the government to provide the adequate financial support for active aging without breaking the sustainability of public finances are elaborated.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban structures to challenge climate change

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil CREANGA ◽  
Maria DUDA
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The City

Public spaces within the city in all their form of different types - streets, boulevards, squares, plazas, market places, green areas - are the backbone of cities. Over the centuries buildings defined the shape and quality of public spaces, valorising them in various ways. The post-modern development of urban form generated a great number of “urban spaces”, where there is no longer correspondence between architectural forms and social and political messages: shopping malls and theme parks, inner public spaces, strip developments etc. Urban sprawl accompanied by loss of agricultural/rural land and its impact on the environment are serious concerns for most cities over Europe. To strike the right balance between inner city regeneration, under-use of urban land in the old abandoned sites and the ecological benefits that accompany the new private business initiatives in suburban areas, is one of the major challenges confronting cities in Europe. The paper will analyze the complex relations between architecture and public space, in an attempt to understand how traditional urban structures, public and green spaces, squares and streets, could provide orientation for quality-oriented regeneration. Case in point is Bucharest - capital city of Romania - where aggressive intervention in the urban structure during the 1980s disrupted the fabric of the city. The investigation is oriented towards fundamental questions such as: how to secure and preserve sites that serve as initial points in upgrading processes, how to balance private investment criteria and the quality interests of the urban communities.The major aim is to provide a support for decision making in restoring the fundamental role of public urban space in shaping urban form and supporting community life.

INSTITUTE OF AMBIENCE IN TRADITIONAL KAZAKH SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Sarsembaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City ◽  
Size And Structure ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Migration processes, being the most important component of the evolutionary development of the population, causing changes in its size and structure (gender and age, ethnic, social, professional), today continue to be an urgent topic for consideration and analysis. A careful and comprehensive study of the migration movement, the creation of a strong migration policy is elevated to the rank of the republic's leading priorities in the context of its further accelerated modernization. This article discusses the evolution of urbanization processes in modern Kazakhstan. The author pays attention to such features of urbanization of the republic as the dynamics of the urban population, the problem of integration and adaptation of former villagers in urban space. The paper separately discusses the scenarios of the development of the city by migrants, the problems of ethnicization and ruleization of urban settlements, the transformation of individual elements of the urban subculture.

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