A Cross Sectional Study on HIV Risk Perception and Sexual Behaviours among Commercial Motorcyclists in Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria

Abstract The study was aimed at determining the HIV risk perception and sexual behaviour among commercial motorcyclists in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. The study design was cross sectional study among 344 consenting, registered commercial motorcyclists, aged 18 years and above working in Makurdi, Benue State capital. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents from a total of 5000 motorcyclists spread across 45 stations within Makurdi. Data was collected in September 2014 using structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Analysis was done with SPSS version 20.0. The mean age was 28.18 (± 7.94) years. Approximately 93% of the participants reported ever having sex. The average lifetime number of sexual partners was 8.9 (± 20.26) while 48.0% reported having had more than one sexual partner in the previous one year. A two third of the respondents (66.7%) reported use of condom during their last sex with a non-regular partner. Slightly less than a quarter (24.1%) of the respondents have paid to have sex in the previous one year. However only 29.6% perceived themselves as been at moderate or high risk of contracting HIV. There was significant association between risk perception and use of condom during last sex with any partner {OR-2.687 (95% CI= 1.337 - 5.400) p=0.005}. There is low personal risk perception despite high proportion of risky sexual behaviours among the respondents. HIV prevention interventions among commercial motorcyclists need to be more tailored and with the objective of building assertive skills in addition to imparting knowledge.

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ISCHEMIC AND HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2019.26.02.3089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Aziz Sahto ◽

Amir Shahzad ◽

Ruqayya

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

One Year ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

Medical University

Objectives: The aim behind this study was assess the frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and associated risk factors in patients with hypertension. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: One year. Setting: Department of Medicine People’s Medical University, Shaheed Benazeerabad. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital based study in which sampling was done through a purposive sampling technique. A total of 160 patients admitted with stroke were included in our study. After taking informed consent patient’s relevant history and examination were carried out. CT-Scan was done to confirm and different between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Ischemic stroke was observed in 105(66%) patients and 55(34%) were suffered hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was 100% in both types of storks in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.Rate of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking were significantly high in hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke (p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke in our population. Among associated factors gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and smoking were prevalent in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.

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CLINICAL OUTCOME OF MEASLES AND RUBELLA WITH MACULOPAPULAR RASH AT CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, PIMS, ISLAMABAD

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v6i4.10 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 26-30

Author(s):

Jai Kirshin ◽

Sameena Afghan ◽

Aqeela Ayub ◽

Kishor Shah ◽

Maqbool Hussain

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Maculopapular Rash ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Demographic Profiles ◽

Study Results ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year

BACKGROUND: Measles is highly endemic disease in Pakistan that can be prevented by vaccinating the child.Patients with rash and fever are the major syptoms of this infection. The aim of this study was to find the associationof clinical and serological outcome of measles and rubella with demographic profiles in patients hospitalised withclinical suspicion of these conditions. METHODS: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in children hospital of PIMS Islamabad where allchildren presenting with maculopapular rash in outdoor patient, indoor patient and accident and emergencydepartment were enrolled. The study duration was one year or the completion of required sample size. A total of 73children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. A purposive sampling technique was used toselect cases. Data was collected through a structured proforma especially designed for this study. Permission wastaken from the Hospital Ethical Committee before the commencement of the study. A written consent was also takenfrom the parents of children prior to conduct the study. RESULTS: All the children in this study was 46.5 (Â± 40.1) months of age, the mean (SD) age was 4 years and 10months (Â± 3 years and 4 months). The median age of all children was 24 months (2 years). The youngest child was 7months old while the eldest child was 12 years (144 months) of age. Out of 73 children enrolled in the current studywho presented with maculopapular rash and their serological outcome was assessed, 50 (68.5 percent) were boyswhereas 23 (31.5 percent) were girls. Koplik's spots were present among 56 (76.7 percent) children whereas 17(23.3 percent) did not have Koplik's spots at the time of enrolment. lymphadenopathy was assessed in 35 (47.9percent) children while 38 (52.1 percent) did not have lymphadenopathy at the time of enrolment. CONCLUSION: Study concluded that a higher proportion of children presenting with maculopapular rash werediagnosed to have measles on the basis of serology.

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Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Evaluation of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jninb.v6i2.50745 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 78-81

Author(s):

Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽

Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽

Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽

KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽

Md Nazmul Kabir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

Computed Tomography Angiography ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Aneurysm ◽

Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽

One Year ◽

Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: In evaluation of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage CT angiography (CTA) has 97-98% sensitivity and near 100% specificity. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the CTA findings of CT positive non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study performed in Neurology department of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka over one year period (January 2019 to December 2019). Total 87 CT positive subarachnoid hemorrhage cases were purposively included in this study. All CT positive patients underwent CTA of Cerebral vessels for further evaluation. The angiography were evaluated by competent neuro-radiologists blinded about the study. Result: Among 87 patients, 40.2% were male and 59.8% were female. The average age was 53.33±11.1 years. Among the studied patient the source of bleeding was found 78.16% aneurysmal and 21.84% non-aneurysmal. 85.30% patients had single aneurysm and 14.70% had multiple aneurysm. The highest number of patient had Acom aneurysm (41.17%) followed by MCA (22.05%), ICA (13.23%), ACA (7.35%) and vertebral artery (1.14%) in order of frequency. Among the multiple aneurysm group most of the patients had combination of Acom, MCA and ICA aneurysm. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that CTA can be used as the primary diagnostic tool in evaluation of spontaneous SAH. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 78-81

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Role of Fibrinolytic Therapy in Empyema Thoracis – A Hospital Based one year Cross Sectional Study

International Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.15373/22778179/feb2013/116 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 345-350

Author(s):

Dr. Girish.L Dandagi ◽

◽

Venkat kalyana kumar. P ◽

Dr. Dr.Isaac Mathew ◽

Dr. Dr.G S Gaude Dr. Dr.G S Gaude

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽

Empyema Thoracis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

One Year

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Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

International Journal of Population Research ◽

10.1155/2014/416457 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ademola Adelekan ◽

Philomena Omoregie ◽

Elizabeth Edoni

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Male Involvement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Married Men ◽

Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

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Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776940/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

(MD

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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Identify the Causes of Absenteeism in Nurses Mayo Hospital Lahore Pakistan

International Journal of Social Sciences and Management ◽

10.3126/ijssm.v4i2.17171 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 110-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nabila Kanwal ◽

Ghazala Riaz ◽

Muhammad Shahid Riaz ◽

Shoumaila Safdar

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Job Dissatisfaction ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Minor Ailments ◽

Usual Pattern

Absenteeism is a usual pattern of absence from a duty or responsibility. Usually, absenteeism is considered as an indication of person poor performance. In this study a descriptive cross sectional study design was used. A close ended questionnaire was used as a research tool. Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was analyzed on SPSS 20 version. Nurses are absent from their duties because they suffer from minor ailments e.g. headache and backache? In response of this question, 42.5% responded said that they are strongly agreed, 17.5% were agreed, 8.8% were neutral, 21.3% were disagreed, and 10% were strongly agreed. Nurses do absent from their work because workload is too heavy, 42.5% were agreed, 30% were strongly agreed, 12.5% were neutral,7.5% were disagreed and 7.5% were also strongly disagreed. The lack of appropriate recognition and reward could lead to dissatisfaction and absenteeism among nurses, in response of this question nurses asked that they do absent 31.3% agreed, 41.3% strongly agreed, 15.0% are neutral, 12.5%are disagreed and 0% are strongly disagreed. Staff absenteeism is a growing management concern. It can contribute to sickness absence, staffing instability, work overload and job dissatisfaction that could have a negative impact on patient care. The rate of absenteeism can be reduced by productive management, and loyal leadership. It will not only reduce absenteeism rate but also improve quality of care toward the patients. In return of good performance nurses need appraisal.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-2: 110-114

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