Determination of Reduced Glutathione and Glutathione S-transferase of Poultry Birds Exposed to Permethrin Insecticide

Norflurazon 100 µM alone or in combination with α-tocopherol (0.25 mM) was applied in pre-emergence of peanut seedlings (Arachis hypogaea L.). Norflurazon treatment allowed to partially or totally photobleach plants which were noticeably smaller than the control. Norflurazon impaired the photosynthetic activity by decreasing photosynthetic pigments (carotenoids and chlorophylls) and by reducing quantities of soluble sugar. The determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) showed that its content was higher in treated plants in relation with enhancement of reactive oxygen species by the herbicide and decreased the endogenous α-tocopherol. The addition of exogenous α-tocopherol reduced the damage done by the herbicide at the membrane level because of the MDA content was less important than in norflurazon treated seedlings. Furthermore, the norflurazon decreased the glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the leaves and the roots of peanut seedlings, while it increased the level of reduced glutathione. This activity decreased even more with the application of exogenous α-tocopherol in combination with the herbicide. The herbicide alone or in association with the antioxidant α-tocopherol increased ascorbic acid content. The supplementation of α-tocopherol did not decrease the phytotoxicity of norflurazon although we observed a decrease in MDA content.

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Dietary Black Seed Effects on Growth Performance, Proximate Composition, Antioxidant and Histo-Biochemical Parameters of a Culturable Fish, Rohu (Labeo rohita)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11010048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Maria Latif ◽

Mehwish Faheem ◽

Asmatullah ◽

Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar ◽

Hien Van Doan

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Proximate Composition ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Labeo Rohita ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Growth Promoter ◽

Feeding Trial ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Black Seed

This feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary black seed (Nigella sativa) supplementation on the growth performance, muscles proximate composition, antioxidant and histo-biochemical parameters of rohu (Labeo rohita). Fingerlings (8.503 ± 0.009 g) were fed on 0.0%, 1% and 2.5% black seed supplemented diets for 28 days. Fish sampling was done on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day of experiment. The results of the present study indicated that black seed supplementation significantly increased growth performance and muscles protein contents of rohu over un-supplemented ones. Lipid peroxidation levels significantly decreased in all the studied tissues (liver, gills, kidney and brain) of black seed fed rohu, whereas the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione) activities were increased in all the studied tissues of black seed supplemented rohu at each sampling day. The hepatic-nephric marker enzymes levels were decreased for black seed fed rohu. The present study showed that tested black seed levels are safe for rohu. Black seed is cheaply available in local markets of Pakistan; therefore, based on the results of the present study, it is suggested that black seed has potential to be used as natural growth promoter and antioxidant in the diet of rohu.

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Automatic kinetic method for the determination of reduced glutathione in blood

Analytica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/0003-2670(92)85413-z ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 269 (2) ◽

pp. 273-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rafael Jiménez-Prieto ◽

Antonio Velasco ◽

Manuel Silva ◽

Dolores Pérez-Bendito

Keyword(s):

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Kinetic Method

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Effect of ellagic acid on growth and some antioxidant parameters in scaly carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.12714/egejfas.38.3.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 337-343

Author(s):

Tuncay Eksen ◽

Serpil Mişe Yonar

Keyword(s):

Ellagic Acid ◽

Specific Growth ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Live Weight ◽

Control Group ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Relative Growth ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Antioxidant Parameters ◽

Liver And Kidney

In the present study, it was investigated the effects of various levels of dietary ellagic acid on growth performance and antioxidant status in scaly carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish were fed with the control diet and three different experimental diets containing three graded levels of ellagic acid (50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 diet) for 60 days. On 30th and 60th days of experiment, the growth performance [live weight gain, relative growth and specific growth rate] and oxidant/antioxidant parameters [malondialdehyde level, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase activities and reduced glutathione level] were analysed. There was no statistically significant difference in the live weight gain, relative growth and specific growth rates of the control and ellagic acid treated groups (p > 0.05). When compared to the control group, the liver and kidney malondialdehyde levels of ellagic acid treated groups were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The liver and kidney catalase and glutathione-S-transferase activities and reduced glutathione levels of ellagic acid treated groups were significantly increased when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that ellagic acid can be used as an antioxidant in fish.

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Studies on Agranulocytosis. III. The Reduced Glutathione (GSH) Content of Leukocytes of Normals and Patients Recovered from Agranulocytosis

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v16.5.1572.1572 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 1572-1578 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

ANTHONY V. PISCIOTTA ◽

MARY DALY

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Mental Disease ◽

Complete Solution ◽

Direct Determination

Abstract 1. A method for the direct determination of GSH in leukocytes is described. Treatment with alkali (0.5 M. NaOH) effects complete solution of the white cells and after deproteinization (5 per cent HPO3), the GSH is determined by the sensitive "alloxan 305" procedure. Control studies showed that under the conditions of the test, GSH is not affected by the alkali and no splitting of soluble minus SH from protein occurs. 2. Using this method, the amount of reduced glutathione content of normal leukocytes was found to be 5.2 ± 1 mg, per 1010 WBC. 3. No differences from normal levels were detected for the leukocytic GSH of patients with mental disease and those susceptible to agranulocytosis. Incubation of whole blood with the drug which caused agranulocytosis had no effect upon the GSH content of leukocytes.

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P-Nitrophenol-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as substrate for measurement of maltase activity in human semen.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/24.2.208 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 208-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

P Chapdelaine ◽

R R Tremblay ◽

J Y Dubé

Keyword(s):

Seminal Plasma ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Rapid Determination ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Michaelis Constant ◽

Maltase Activity ◽

Constant Rate ◽

Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Hitherto, seminal plasma maltase has been measured with maltose as substrate; this method is time consuming and lacks specificity. The use of a synthetic substrate, p-nitrophenol-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, allows accurate and rapid determination of this activity. When maltase is added to the incubation medium (the substrate and reduced glutathione in potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.8), maintained at 37 degrees C, hydrolysis of the original substrate to p-nitrophenol goes at a constant rate during 4 h. Under optimal conditions of incubation, the Michaelis constant of the reaction, calculated by the Hanes method, was 2.92 +/- 0.84 (SD) X 10(-3) for six different semen samples. Isomaltase appeared to be absent from seminal plasma. The enzyme is stable to freezing and slow thawing and can be stored for at least 26 days at -80 degrees C. Its molecular weight is 259 000. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (pH 6.8) exerts a noncompetitive inhibition on the enzyme activity. In 68 men 23 to 45 years old, whose semen analyses were normal, the seminal plasma maltase activity was 467 +/- 135 (SD) mU/g of protein. It was generally decreased in patients with infertility disorders.

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Optoelectronic determination of the herbicide alachlor using recombinant glutathione S-transferase

Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.07.224 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 131 (2) ◽

pp. S128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Fragoulaki ◽

Nikolaos Labrou ◽

Yannis Clonis

Keyword(s):

Glutathione S Transferase

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Glutathione metabolism in heart and liver of the aging rat

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o94-010 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 72 (1-2) ◽

pp. 58-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

M. Stio ◽

T. Iantomasi ◽

F. Favilli ◽

P. Marraccini ◽

B. Lunghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rat Heart ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Age Groups ◽

Glutathione Metabolism ◽

Oxidized Glutathione ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Age Related ◽

Glutamylcysteine Synthetase ◽

Old Rats ◽

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

A comprehensive study on glutathione metabolism in rat heart and liver as a function of age was performed. In the heart, reduced glutathione, total glutathione, and the glutathione redox index showed a decrease during aging, while oxidized glutathione levels increased in 5-month-old rats with respect to the young animals and remained quite constant in 14- and 27-month-old rats. In the liver, the highest levels of reduced glutathione were found in the 2-month-old rats, while oxidized glutathione reached a peak at 5 months. Glutathione-associated enzymes showed age-related changes. Glutathione peroxidase, unaffected by aging in the heart, decreased in the liver of the 27-month-old rats. In the heart and the liver, the highest values of glutathione S-transferase were found at 5 months and 27 months, respectively. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase followed a similar trend in both heart and liver. Glutathione reductase also showed the same behaviour in heart and in liver, increasing in old rats with respect to the other age groups. A decrease in γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase was found in the heart and liver of 27-month-old rats in comparison with the 2-month-old ones. In conclusion, a decreased antioxidant capability has been demonstrated in both heart and liver of old rats.Key words: glutathione metabolism, age, rat heart, rat liver.

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Oxidative damage and antioxidants in cervical cancer

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2020-001587 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. ijgc-2020-001587

Author(s):

Daciele Paola Preci ◽

Angélica Almeida ◽

Anne Liss Weiler ◽

Maria Luiza Mukai Franciosi ◽

Andréia Machado Cardoso

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

The Impact

The pathogenesis of cervical cancer is related to oxidative damage caused by persistent infection by one of the oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV). This damage comes from oxidative stress, which is the imbalance caused by the increase in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and impaired antioxidant mechanisms, promoting tumor progression through metabolic processes. The incorporation of HPV into the cellular genome leads to the expression of oncoproteins, which are associated with chronic inflammation and increased production of reactive oxygen species, oxidizing proteins, lipids and DNA. The increase in these parameters is related, in general, to the reduction of circulating levels of enzymatic antioxidants—superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase; and non-enzymatic antioxidants—reduced glutathione, coenzyme Q10 and vitamins A, C and E, according to tumor staging. In contrast, some enzymatic antioxidants suffer upregulation in the tumor tissue as a way of adapting to the oxidative environment generated by themselves, such as glutathione-S-transferase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase 2, induced nitric oxide synthase, peroxiredoxins 1, 3 and 6, and thioredoxin reductase 2. The decrease in the expression and activity of certain circulatory antioxidants and increasing the redox status of the tumor cells are thus key to cervical carcinoma prognosis. In addition, vitamin deficit is considered a possible modifiable risk factor by supplementation, since the cellular functions can have a protective effect on the development of cervical cancer. In this review, we will discuss the impact of oxidative damage on cervical cancer progression, as well as the main oxidative markers and therapeutic potentialities of antioxidants.

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Antioxidant activity of bee products added to water in tebuconazole-exposed fish

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252012000100021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 215-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Daiane Ferreira ◽

Taís Cristina Unfer ◽

Hélio Carlos Rocha ◽

Luiz Carlos Kreutz ◽

Gessi Koakoski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

South American ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Exposed Fish ◽

Bee Pollen ◽

Protein Thiols ◽

Oxidant Effect

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of honey, propolis, and bee pollen for the reversal of lipid peroxidation induced by tebuconazole (TEB) in South American catfish (Rhamdia quelen), in which the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the activity of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants, reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, and non-protein thiols were assessed. Honey (0.125 g L-1) and bee pollen (0.05 g L-1) added to the water reverse the production of TBARS induced by TEB, while propolis demonstrated a pro-oxidant effect, inducing an increase in TBARS production. The data presented herein suggest that the addition of water to honey and bee pollen potentially protects against the oxidative stress caused by agrichemicals.

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