scholarly journals Economically significant pests of vegetable crops in Smederevska Palanka

Biljni lekar ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
Bojana Jovanović ◽  
Olivera Petrović-Obradović ◽  
Bogoljub Zečević ◽  
Suzana Pavlović ◽  
Jelena Damnjanović
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Insect Reproduction ◽  
Sufficient Food

The aim of this research was to determine insect pests on vegetable crops in Smederevska Palanka area. By using standard methods, equipment and tools, insect pests that caused significant and less significant damages have been determined on vegetable crops: pepper, tomato, cucumber, melon, zucchini, cabbage, pea, bean, spinach and beet at the arable area at the Institute for Vegetable Crops. The most significant insect pests, causing the most damages were Frankliniella occidentalis and Tuta absoluta, and also several species of aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae, Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis fabae and Macrosiphum euphorbiae), stink bugs (Nezara viridula, Eurydema spp.) and flea beetle (Phyllotreta spp.). These insects caused direct and indirect damages. The most significant damages have been noted in green houses due to favourable conditions for insect reproduction and sufficient food supplies.

scholarly journals Seasonal Phenology of the Major Insect Pests of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Their Natural Enemies in a Traditional Zone and Two New Production Zones of Peru

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Luis Cruces ◽  
Eduardo de la Peña ◽  
Patrick De Clercq
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Pitfall Trapping ◽  
New Production ◽  
San Lorenzo ◽  
The Andes

Over the last decade, the sown area of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has been increasingly expanding in Peru, and new production fields have emerged, stretching from the Andes to coastal areas. The fields at low altitudes have the potential to produce higher yields than those in the highlands. This study investigated the occurrence of insect pests and the natural enemies of quinoa in a traditional production zone, San Lorenzo (in the Andes), and in two new zones at lower altitudes, La Molina (on the coast) and Majes (in the “Maritime Yunga” ecoregion), by plant sampling and pitfall trapping. Our data indicated that the pest pressure in quinoa was higher at lower elevations than in the highlands. The major insect pest infesting quinoa at high densities in San Lorenzo was Eurysacca melanocampta; in La Molina, the major pests were E. melanocampta, Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Liriomyza huidobrensis; and in Majes, Frankliniella occidentalis was the most abundant pest. The natural enemy complex played an important role in controlling M. euphorbiae and L. huidobrensis by preventing pest resurgence. The findings of this study may assist quinoa producers (from the Andes and from regions at lower altitudes) in establishing better farming practices in the framework of integrated pest management.

scholarly journals Diversity of aphid pests on the crops in Kanchanpur district, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Mahadev Bista
Keyword(s):  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Macrosiphum Rosae ◽  
Different Parts

A survey was conducted to explore the aphid pests’ diversity in Kanchanpur district, far-western, Nepal from April 2018 to March 2019. A total of 15 aphid pests were collected and identified, viz. Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora (Koch), Aphis gossypii (Glover), Aphis fabae (Scopoli), Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), Lipaphis erysmi (Kaltenbach), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Rhopalosiphum rufiadominale (Sasaki), Uroleucon compositae (Theobald), and the guava aphid. Exploration of aphid pests showed that they caused serious damages to agricultural crops by attacking different parts of plants.

scholarly journals Incidence of Insect Pests on Chayote, Sechium edule (Swartz.) in Nepal

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
FP Neupane ◽  
MD Sharma ◽  
KR Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Cotton Aphid ◽  
White Grubs ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Tobacco Caterpillar

The insect pests recorded during 1993-96 on chayote in Chitwan, Lalitpur and Parbat districts were as follows: white grubs (Phyllophaga spp.), mole cricket (Gryllotalpa fussor Fab.), field cricket (Brachytrypes portentosus Licht.), red pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas), blue pumpkin beetle (Aulacophora lewisii Baly), flea beetle (Monolepta signata Oliv.), tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura Fab.), stink bug (Coridius janus Fab.), spotted beetle (Epilachna pusilanima Mulsant), banded blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata Pallas), brown bug (Agonoscelis nubila Fab.), cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii Glov.), pumpkin fruit fly (Bacterocera cucurbitae Coq.), and three unidentified insect pests- brown weevil, hairy caterpillars and stem boring beetle. Of them, the fruit fly and cotton aphid were the serious ones. Nepalese and Mexican accessions of chayotes varied for their susceptibility to both the above insects. The chayote fruits with tough fruit skin and dense and long spines were less susceptible to fruit fly, while the spineless and smooth fruits were the most susceptible. Key words: Chayote germplasm, insect pests, aphid and fruit fly J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:161-164 (2006)

scholarly journals First record and occurrence of Μacrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on cotton in Central Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
D.P. Lykouressis
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
First Record ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Cotton Field ◽  
Central Greece ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch

The potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), is a highly polyphagous species on secondary hosts feeding on over 200 plant species, but is especially found on Solanum tuberosum L. M.euphorhiae was first noticed on cotton (cv Zeta 2) at Thiva in central Greece in May 1988 during a study on the population dynamics of cotton aphids carried out in a cotton field in the above mentioned region. This species has been recorded on other host-plants in Greece. It resembles Acyrthosiphon gossvpii Mordvilko, a species which also colonizes cotton but has not been recorded yet in Greece. They can be distinguished from each other since the former has shorter siphunculi, hearing a zone of polygonal reticulation on their apices, than the latter. Moreover, it is easily distinguishable from Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis fabae Scopoli and Aphis craccivora Koch, species which also colonize cotton. A. gossypii is the most important aphid species attacking cotton at Thiva region and has also been recorded previously on cotton by various authors. The species A. fabae and A. craccivora have also been recorded on cotton in Greece. M. euphorbiae was found in the first three samplings that occurred between mid and the end of May when plants were young. From early June and during the rest of the growing season this species was not found in the field. In a total of about 50 plants sampled in each sampling only a few individuals were found. The majority of aphids were alatae, representing 69, 60 and 43 percent of the population at the first. second and third sampling dates, respectively. Alatae started to reproduce on the plants after their alightment, since first and second instar nymphs were present even from the first sampli­ng which took place after the appearance of plants. However, the number of nymphs was kept low during the period M. euphorbiae was present, suggesting that this was possiblydue either to the partial unsuitability of the cotton variety as host or to the effect of the systemic insecticide, phorate which had been applied at sowing, but this needs further investigation. This species was found again in low numbers in another cotton field at Thiva region, from mid May to early June of 1989. The fact that this species was not found from early June onwards in both years reveals that cotton is only a temporary secondary host-plant, possibly not very suitable for aphid development and reproduction. However, cotton may play some role on the population dynamics of M. euphorbiae on subsequent crops and mainly on potatoes, a crop which is widely planted at Thiva region. This might be of particular con­cern because M. euphorbiae is a vector of several viruses.

scholarly journals Can Winged Aphid Abundance Be a Predictor of Cucurbit Aphid-Borne Yellows Virus Epidemics in Melon Crop?

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Alexandra Schoeny ◽  
Loup Rimbaud ◽  
Patrick Gognalons ◽  
Grégory Girardot ◽  
Pauline Millot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Winged Aphid

Aphid-borne viruses are frequent yield-limiting pathogens in open field vegetable crops. In the absence of curative methods, virus control relies exclusively on measures limiting virus introduction and spread. The efficiency of control measures may greatly benefit from an accurate knowledge of epidemic drivers, in particular those linked with aphid vectors. Field experiments were conducted in southeastern France between 2010 and 2019 to investigate the relationship between the epidemics of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV) and aphid vector abundance. Winged aphids visiting melon crops were sampled daily to assess the abundance of CABYV vectors (Aphis gossypii, Macrosiphum euphorbiae and Myzus persicae) and CABYV was monitored weekly by DAS-ELISA. Epidemic temporal progress curves were successfully described by logistic models. A systematic search for correlations was undertaken between virus variables including parameters µ (inflection point of the logistic curve) and γ (maximum incidence) and aphid variables computed by aggregating abundances on periods relative either to the planting date, or to the epidemic peak. The abundance of A. gossypii during the first two weeks after planting was found to be a good predictor of CABYV dynamics, suggesting that an early control of this aphid species could mitigate the onset and progress of CABYV epidemics in melon crops.

scholarly journals Aphid Behavior on Amaranthus hybridus L. (Amaranthaceae) Associated with Ocimum spp. (Lamiaceae) as Repellent Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Boni Barthélémy Yarou ◽  
Aimé H. Bokonon-Ganta ◽  
François J. Verheggen ◽  
Georges C. Lognay ◽  
Frédéric Francis
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Ocimum Species ◽  
Companion Plant ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Synthetic Pesticides

Various plant species contain biocidal and/or semiochemical components. These can be used for managing insect pests, in order to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides and to improve the quality of vegetable crops. This study was conducted to assess the effect of repellent plants Ocimum gratissimum L. and Ocimum basilicum L. on aphids Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis fabae Scopoli and Myzus persicae Sulzer when they are associated with Amaranthus hybridus L. plants. The results have shown that in the two approaches tested—Ocimum sp. plants surrounded by A. hybridus plants and the dual-choice test—the number of aphids on the A. hybridus plant associated with either O. gratissimum or O. basilicum was significantly less significant compared to the A. hybridus alone. This first study on the association between A. hybridus and Ocimum spp. shows that the Ocimum species might be used as an alternative method for controlling aphids in order to avoid the use of synthetic pesticides on Amaranthus. The ability of Ocimum spp. to repel pests can make it an important companion plant for farmers, because those plants can not only be used to control pests, but they can also be harvested, providing a direct economic return.

scholarly journals Survey of Insects and Other Arthropods in Tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) in Lanaodel Sur Province, ARMM, Philippines

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Balabag , Nelson M. ◽  
Anub, Remedios R. ◽  
Sabado, Emma M.
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Cabbage Looper ◽  
Ladybird Beetles ◽  
Braconid Wasp ◽  
Tomato Fruitworm

This study was conducted to identify the insects and other arthropods associated with tomato. Insects on tomato belong to 14 families under six orders. Tomato insects were classified under orders Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Homoptera , Lepidoptera , and Hymenoptera. The insect pests included the leafminer, Liriomyza sp., aphids, Aphis gossypii, cutworm, Spodopteralitura , tomato fruitworm, Helicoverpaarmigera, cabbage looper, Trichoplusiani, flea beetle, Psylliodessp, ladybird beetles like the 12-spotted and 28-spotted ladybird beetles, Epilachnachrysomelina and Epilachnaphilippinenesis, squash beetle, Aulacophorasimilisandmelon fly, Bactroceracucurbitae. Beneficial species were bees (Apis sp.), braconid wasp ( Cotesia sp.) and spiders. The survey started from December 14, 2013 and it ended on February 16, 2014.

Managing Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Lettuce and Green Peach Aphid and Cabbage Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Broccoli with Chemical Insecticides and the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra K. Dara
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cabbage Aphid ◽  
Flower Thrips

Aims:Lettuce and broccoli are high value vegetable crops in California. The western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalison lettuce, and the cabbage aphid,Brevicoryne brassicaeand the green peach aphid,Myzus persicaeon broccoli are important insect pests that are frequently managed with chemical insecticides.Observation:Efficacy of various chemical insecticides and the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassianawas evaluated against these pests in field studies in the Santa Maria area of California. Some insecticides varied in their efficacy againstF. occidentalisfrom year to year and against different aphid species.Conclusion:A new insecticide sulfoxaflor provided good control of aphids on broccoli.Beauveria bassianademonstrated a potential for broccoli and lettuce integrated pest management.

scholarly journals Insect Pests, Beneficial Insects, and Cover Crops of Biological Vegetable Farmers

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 806D-806
Author(s):  
J.S. Caldwell ◽  
J.P. Amirault ◽  
A.H. Christian
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Lady Beetles ◽  
Cucumber Beetles ◽  
Beetle Damage ◽  
Squash Vine Borer

Eighty-two vegetable growers responded to a survey on pests, beneficial insects, and cover crop use sent in Winter 1993–94 to 314 members of the Virginia Assn. for Biological Farming (VABF) and participants at the 1993 Virginia Sustainable Agriculture Conference. Respondents reported 68 occurrences of insect pests on 99 vegetable crops and herbs. Six insects (flea beetle, squash vine borer, stink bug, cucumber beetles, and Mexican bean beetle) comprised 70% of the occurrences. Squash vine borer and cucumber beetles on cucurbits comprised 24% of all pest occurrences. Insect pests attacked summer squash on 57% and cucumber on 49% of the farms. Average severity of squash vine borer damage was 3.8 (range 0–4, where 0 = no damage and 4 = death or destroyed). Average severity of cucumber beetle damage was 3.0 (severe). Squash vine borer was not observed by farmers on non-cucurbit alternate hosts. Cucumber beetles were observed on horse nettle (10%) and wild nightshades (6%), but on no other plants in most cases (61%) when found on cucurbits. The most frequently observed beneficial insects were lady beetles (64% of the farms), preying mantises (42%), wasps (29%), assassin bugs (18%), and spiders (15%). Only 29% of the farms had purchased beneficial insects, with assassin bugs (10%) and lady beetles (7%) the most common types. Vetches, clovers, rye, and buckwheat comprised 69% of the responses on 23 types of cover crops and mulches used.

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