scholarly journals Institutional economics and economic development

Ekonomika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
Vladimir Knežević ◽  
Dragan Ivković ◽  
Aleksandra Penjišević
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Value Measurement ◽  
The Relationship

This research deals with the relationship between economic quality of institutions and economic development. For obtaining the value quantification of institutional quality, we measured rankings of 138 most important national economies based on three pillars of competitiveness, and we used Gross national product per capita to measure development. We applied Spearman`s rank correlation coefficient based on these two parameters for measuring the relationship between ranking of national economies. There is no doubt that a strong direct relationship was recognised. The value of the result lies in the identification of institutional economics as the major cause for different development levels of certain countries. This implies that in case of value measurement of our country, also the most efficient tool would be to put focus on increase of institutional quality.

IMF, World Bank, and the European Union With the Perspective of New Institutional Economics

2020 ◽  
pp. 217-238
Author(s):  
Havanur Ergün Tatar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
New Institutional Economics ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

According to New Institutional Economics, the GDP per capita has significantly improved in the countries where the institutional quality has been improved. In addition to this information, the increase in the quality of institutional determinants has positive effect on economic performance. In this chapter, after the structures of IMF, World Bank, and European Union have been discussed, the governance debate will be made on the aforementioned institutional. Concepts about new institutional economics are discussed, as are the improvement of institutional quality and the relationship of economic development within the frame of IMF, World Bank, and European Union.

scholarly journals Study on the Influence of CFO Characteristics on Accounting Conservatism of Listed Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Miao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Quality Of Accounting Information ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

As the information reflection of social economy, the quality of accounting information is closely related to economic development and market operation system. And accounting conservatism is one of the important standards to measure of quality of accounting information. As the maker and executor of the financial strategy of the listed company, the CFO’s different personal characteristics will affect its choice of different accounting policies, thus affecting the accounting conservatism of the enterprise. Therefore, this paper selects CFOs of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2016 to 2018 as research objects, respectively discusses the influence of CFO’s natural attributes and social attributes on accounting conservatism, and analyzes the moderating effect of property rights and CFO’s power on the relationship between them. The results show that the CFO’s age, tenure, education, professional skills, salary and number of part-time jobs are negatively correlated with accounting conservatism. The female CFO, shareholding and concurrent director are significantly positively correlated with accounting conservatism. The difference of property right nature and CFO power moderates the relationship between CFO characteristics and accounting conservatism to some extent. On this basis, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions on how to improve accounting conservatism and promote economic development.

scholarly journals The relationship between education, income, economic freedom and happiness

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Olena Stryzhak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Index Index ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

Education is a factor for economic prosperity and social development in modern society. As well education allows its owner to receive a higher income and gives the opportunity for self-expression, creative fulfilment, as well as moral satisfaction from current activities. The life of educated people is not only longer, but also more interesting and informative. Moreover people with a higher level of education are happier also. In this aspect the purpose of the article is to determine the relationship between the quality of education, the degree of economic freedom, the level of income and the feeling of happiness. This paper presents results of the correlation analysis between indicators of education, income, happiness and economic freedom for 145 countries for 2018. The author of the work calculated Pearson (product-moment) correlation, the Spearman rank correlation, and Kendall’s Tau correlation in the Statistica. The analysis showed that Education Index has a strong relationship with Happiness Index, Economic Freedom of the World Index, Index of Economic Freedom and GDP. The analysis showed that education is closely related to the level of income and selfawareness of happiness. Education is also closely related to economic freedom. Also, the results of the study suggest that education not only contributes to an increase in income, but also makes persons happier.

scholarly journals Towards a Comprehensive Framework of the Relationships between Resource Footprints, Quality of Life, and Economic Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Cibulka ◽  
Stefan Giljum
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between economic affluence, quality of life, and environmental implications of production and consumption activities is a recurring issue in sustainability discussions. A number of studies examined selected relationships, but the general implications for future development options to achieve environmentally and socially sustainable development of countries at different levels of per capita resource footprints, quality of life, and income have not yet been investigated in detail. In this study, we use a global dataset with 173 countries to assess the overall relationship between resource footprints, quality of life, and economic development over the period of 1990–2015. We select the material footprint and carbon footprint and contrast them with the Human Development Index, the Happiness Index, and GDP per capita. Regression analyses show that the relationship between various resource footprints and quality of life generally follows a logarithmic path of development, while resource footprints and GDP per capita are linearly connected. From the empirical results, we derive a generalized path of development and cluster countries along this path. Within this comprehensive framework, we discuss options to change the path to respect planetary and social boundaries through a combination of resource efficiency increases, substitution of industries and sufficiency of consumption. We conclude that decoupling and green growth will not realize sustainable development if planetary boundaries have already been transgressed.

Webometric Analysis and Link Relationship of Computer Science and Information Technology Websites of Malaysia Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1260-1265
Author(s):  
Mohd Sharul Hafiz Razak ◽  
Nor Azman Ismail ◽  
Alif Fikri Mohktar ◽  
Su Elya Namira ◽  
Nurina Izzati Ramzi
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Content ◽  
Content Strategy ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Web

This paper aims to investigate 18 web domains of computer science and information technology academic websites of Malaysia universities.We collected more than two million web pages. A webometric analysis was used to explore the number of web pages, inbound links, the web impact factor (WIF) and link relationships. The results show Fakulti Teknologi dan Sains Maklumat (FTSM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) has the highest number of webpages while Fakulti Teknologi Kreatif dan Warisan (FTKW), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) has the largest WIF score. Pearson’s rank correlation coefficient was used to detect the relationship between institutions subdomain age and WIF. Correlations point out that there is scant relationship between subdomain age and WIF score across all 18 Malaysia selected schools [r =−.076, n = 18, p < .0005]. This is due to WIF are highly dependent on the quality of the content to attract backlinks and Google crawler algorithm that changes from time to time for the number of web pages. Subdomain age is independent to the year of establishment of the schools. These findings can be used as a guide to the implementation of university web content strategy.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN ENTITAS TANPA AKUNTABILITAS PUBLIK TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Silviana Agustami ◽  
Imam Agus Suintri
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method

This study aims to (1) determine the implementation of SAK ETAP at BPR in the Bandung city (2) determine the quality of the financial reports of BPR in the Bandung city, and (3) determine the effect of the implementation of SAK ETAP to quality financial reports on BPR in Bandung city. In this study, researchers used primary data for variable implementation of SAK ETAP and the quality of financial reporting through questionnaires distributed to 11 BPR in the Bandung city. The method used in this research is descriptive method verikatif. The statistical analysis tools in this study using Spearman rank correlation to determine the direction and strength of the relationship between the two variables, while the coefficient of determination is used to determine the ability of the independent variable (X) in influencing the dependent variable (Y). These results indicate (1) the implementation of SAK ETAP at BPR in the Bandung city in general has been implemented adequately (2) BPR in the Bandung city has been preparing and presenting the financial statements sufficient to satisfy the elements of relevant, reliable, able to comparable, and understandable (3) the implementation of SAK ETAP moderate effect on the quality of the financial reports of BPR in the Bandung city, amounting to 0.587. Based on the calculation of the coefficient of determination SAK ETAP implementation contribute to or influence by 34.5%% of the quality of financial reporting at BPR in the Bandung city, while the remaining 65.5% was contributed by other factors not examined

scholarly journals Features of the Influence of Human Capital on Economic Development: The Case of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-437
Author(s):  
Andrii Zolkover ◽  
Аnastasiіa Kaplina ◽  
Olena Loboda ◽  
Natalia Kyrychenko ◽  
Nataliia Chopko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to substantiate the nature of the relationship between the development of human capital (HC) and the development of the economy of Ukraine. Using the Granger test and cognitive modeling, the features of the development of HC in modern conditions and its influence on the country's economic development have been determined, and the dominant factors influencing the development and quality of HC have been empirically substantiated. The ambiguous nature of the influence of HC on the country's economy due to the inefficiency of spending in the field of education and health care has been established using the impulse modeling method. The positive impact of the development of HC on the development of the economy is leveled with the growth of investment in education and health care, which is due to the low efficiency of expenditures and the insufficient level of competence of state bodies.

scholarly journals Finance and growth nexus: An international analysis across cities

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Ioannou ◽  
Dariusz Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stages Of Economic Development

We examine the relationship between finance and economic growth in the metropolitan areas of 75 countries at various stages of economic development in the period 2001–2015. Our analysis demonstrates an inverted-U shaped relationship between finance and growth. This relationship becomes even more significant in the areas of a country outside its largest financial centre, indicating that while these areas can benefit from financial development, they are also the most vulnerable. We show that large financial centres can have an impact on growth across their national economies, but in doing so they complement rather than replace local financial centres. Overall, our results highlight the risks associated with the excesses of financial development and lend evidence to support calls for more decentralised financial systems.

scholarly journals Economic growth and quality of institutions in 27 postsocialist economies

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-787
Author(s):  
Constantinos Alexiou ◽  
Sofoklis Vogiazas ◽  
Nikita Solovev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe relationship between institutional quality and economic growth is revisited.Design/methodology/approachA panel cointegration methodology and causality analysis are applied to 27 postsocialist economies over the period from 1996 to 2016.FindingsUtilizing the Worldwide Governance Indicators as a means of assessing the quality of institutions, it is found that in the long run, economic growth is positively associated with the rule of law and voice and accountability. In the short run, regulatory quality retains a positive effect, but voice and accountability demonstrate a puzzling negative effect on economic growth that merits further analysis. In exploring the causal dimension of our variables, supporting evidence of the strong links between the quality of institutions and economic growth is provided, hence rendering robust results.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time that an ARDL methodological framework, which addresses potential endogeneity issues, is used to investigate the relationship between institutional quality and growth in the context of postsocialist economies.

scholarly journals Ecological Economy in the Context of Ecological Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
A. K. Namazov ◽  
S. A. Kushelev ◽  
L. A. Guzikova ◽  
K. A. Namazov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
Ecological Policy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Ecologization of economic development is a pressing problem for the existence of mankind as the whole, world and national economies Targeted, consistent and concerted actions of all participants are the subject of ecological policy. The purpose of this article is to identify and justify the directions of improving national ecological policy in Russia, taking into account the relations of economy and ecology. The study is based on international documents and results of the Russian ecological policy investigation. The relevance of the adoption of the Environmental Code, which should include the regulation of the economic aspect, and the need to restore the system of environmental funds are substantiated. The necessity to develop a scientifically based system of indicators characterizing the relationship of ecology, economy and society is proved.

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