scholarly journals New records and remarks on earthworms of the Vojvodina Province (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae, Criodrilidae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Jovana Sekulić ◽  
Mirjana Stojanović-Petrović ◽  
Tanja Trakić ◽  
Filip Popović
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
New Localities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vojvodina Province

The aim of this paper is to present the results of the recent collecting earthworms, with new localities and new habitats in Vojvodina Province. The sporadic field investigation was carried out during 2013-2020. In this paper we report new records of Criodrilus lacuum Hoffmeister, 1845 (family Criodrilidae) proved to be new species for the fauna of Vojvodina Province. Also, information on the taxonomic status of individual species was provided. Fifteen earthworm species and subspecies from family Lumbricidae have been registered. Six taxa were found to be synonymous with nominal species, so that the number decreases to 31 species, from 10 genera. Our data demonstrate clearly that the earthworm fauna of the Vojvodina Province is relatively poor, monotonous and that the impact of intensification of agricultural practices effect on loss of soil biodiversity.

scholarly journals Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 801 ◽  
pp. 63-96
Author(s):  
Catherine Souty-Grosset ◽  
Ariel Faberi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Terrestrial Isopods ◽  
The Impact

Terrestrial isopods (approximately 3700 known species in the world) are encountered in temperate and tropical regions, from the seashore to high altitudes and from floodplain forests to deserts. They are known to contribute to soil biodiversity. Environmental factors and anthropogenic actions, particularly land use changes such as primarily agricultural practices, and urbanization affect soil biodiversity and their functions. Human practices, such as soil tillage, pesticide application, chemical pollution, along with soil acidification adversely affect isopod abundance and diversity. It is thus important to recognise the vital contributions of soil biodiversity in support of environmental quality protection through maintaining soil functions and their significance to sustainable land use. This review will also deal with recent studies attempting to evaluate the impact of returning to an environmentally friendly agriculture by restoring refuge habitats such as grass strips, hedges, and woodlands for terrestrial isopods.

Molecular evidence for conspecificity of two desert Liolaemus lizards (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4438 (2) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
MARGARITA RUIZ DE GAMBOA ◽  
CLAUDIO CORREA ◽  
YERY MARAMBIO-ALFARO ◽  
EDVIN RIVEROS-RIFFO ◽  
JUAN CARLOS ORTIZ
Keyword(s):  
Separation Zone ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
New Synonymy

Liolaemus audituvelatus (Núñez & Yáñez 1983) and L. manueli (Núñez, Navarro, Garín, Pincheira-Donoso & Meriggio 2003) are endemic species of the Atacama Desert of northern Chile that belong to the montanus group. Both species are considered cryptic from each other and can only be distinguished by their distribution ranges and karyotypes. Originally, there was a wide separation zone between their known distribution ranges, but later collections reduced the gap from 430 km to only 150 km. In this study, we review the geographic information about both species and report new localities within the distribution gap, where species identification becomes difficult. We performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis and applied several species delimitation methods to reassess the taxonomic status of both nominal species and new intermediate populations. Our analyses support the placement of L. manueli in the synonymy of L. audituvelatus. We discuss the biogeographic and conservation implications of this new synonymy. 

New genus, new species and new records of marine acotylean flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Acotylea) from Oaxaca, southern Mexican Pacific

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4700 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIELA RAMOS-SÁNCHEZ ◽  
JULIANA BAHIA ◽  
J. ROLANDO BASTIDA-ZAVALA
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Records ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Fourth Species ◽  
Whole Mounts

The acotylean polyclads are characterized by the absence of a ventral sucker located posteriorly to the female gonopore. These flatworms are mostly marine, benthic or pelagic, except by two species, one freshwater Limnostylochus borneensis and other semi-terrestrial Myoramyxa pardalota. Oaxaca is a state located in the southern Mexican Pacific, where only three acotyleans species have been formally recorded until now. After sampling littoral to sublittoral zones, a total of 34 specimens were collected and fixed in frozen formalin. Some specimens were stained with Mayer´s carmalum and hematoxylin and cleared in methyl salicylate for whole mounts; the portion containing the reproductive structures of other specimens were dissected and histologically processed in sagittal and frontal sections. Four species were identified as belonging to four genera and three families. The new genus Bisacculosuteri gen. nov. is established, close to the genus Itannia, but lacking double ventral suckers placed on both sides of the female gonopore. Two species are new to science: Bisacculosuteri marcelae sp. nov., characterized by a highly branched central pharynx, prominent seminal vesicle, a penis papilla with stylet, paired strongly muscularized uterine sac and uterine vesicles; and Paraplanocera oligoglenoides sp. nov., with translucent body, light brown pigmentation and black dots distributed in the pharyngeal and reproductive regions, and an oval cirrus sac with intramuscular surrounding hollow spaces and armored with spines and conspicuous teeth. The third species is Euplanoida cf. pacificola that could not be determined as the nominal species, due to ambiguity in its description. The fourth species, Bivesiculoplana lamothei, was previously described from the region and now is recorded in new localities and hosts from Oaxaca. 

The hydroid research of American naturalist Samuel F. Clarke, 1851–1928

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE R. CALDER ◽  
LESTER D. STEPHENS
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Doctoral Dissertation ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Marine Biological Laboratory ◽  
Spotted Salamander ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
American Naturalist ◽  
American Schools ◽  
American Society

Samuel Fessenden Clarke was the leading specialist on hydroids (phylum Cnidaria) in North America over the last quarter of the nineteenth century. During that period he published taxonomic papers on hydroids from both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the continent, from the Gulf of Mexico, and from the eastern Pacific off Central and South America. He also authored a section on hydrozoan biology for “The Riverside Natural History” series. Most of his papers on hydroids were published while he was in his twenties. Clarke described as new 61 nominal species, three nominal genera, and one nominal family, as well as two “varieties” of hydroids. A list of these, and their current taxonomic status, appears in the present work. Clarke consistently provided sound descriptions and locality data for all supposed new species, and drew accurate illustrations of most of them. His research on Hydrozoa, beyond alphataxonomy, was directed towards faunal distributions and the use of hydroid assemblages as biogeographic indicators. In addition to investigations on hydroids, Clarke carried out research on the developmental biology of amphibians and reptiles. His doctoral dissertation at Johns Hopkins University was based on the embryology of the “Spotted Salamander” (=Yellow-spotted Salamander), and he published a major paper on the habits and embryology of the American Alligator. Most of Clarke's career was devoted to academic duties at Williams College, Massachusetts, where he was recognized as a dedicated and inspiring teacher. He served the American Society of Naturalists in various capacities, including a term as its president, was an influential trustee of the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, and promoted the study of science in American schools.

scholarly journals Earthworm Abundance Changes Depending on Soil Management Practices in Slovenian Vineyards

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1241
Author(s):  
Stanko Vršič ◽  
Marko Breznik ◽  
Borut Pulko ◽  
Jesús Rodrigo-Comino
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Green Cover ◽  
The Impact

Earthworms are key indicators of soil quality and health in vineyards, but research that considers different soil management systems, especially in Slovenian viticultural areas is scarce. In this investigation, the impact of different soil management practices such as permanent green cover, the use of herbicides in row and inter-row areas, use of straw mulch, and shallow soil tillage compared to meadow control for earthworm abundance, were assessed. The biomass and abundance of earthworms (m2) and distribution in various soil layers were quantified for three years. Monitoring and a survey covering 22 May 2014 to 5 October 2016 in seven different sampling dates, along with a soil profile at the depth from 0 to 60 cm, were carried out. Our results showed that the lowest mean abundance and biomass of earthworms in all sampling periods were registered along the herbicide strip (within the rows). The highest abundance was found in the straw mulch and permanent green cover treatments (higher than in the control). On the plots where the herbicide was applied to the complete inter-row area, the abundance of the earthworm community decreased from the beginning to the end of the monitoring period. In contrast, shallow tillage showed a similar trend of declining earthworm abundance, which could indicate a deterioration of soil biodiversity conditions. We concluded that different soil management practices greatly affect the soil’s environmental conditions (temperature and humidity), especially in the upper soil layer (up to 15 cm deep), which affects the abundance of the earthworm community. Our results demonstrated that these practices need to be adapted to the climate and weather conditions, and also to human impacts.

scholarly journals Assessment of alternative land management practices using hydrological simulation and a decision support tool: Arborea agricultural region, Sardinia

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1811-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cau ◽  
C. Paniconi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Quantifying the impact of land use on water supply and quality is a primary focus of environmental management. In this work we apply a semidistributed hydrological model (SWAT) to predict the impact of different land management practices on water and agricultural chemical yield over a long period of time for a study site situated in the Arborea region of central Sardinia, Italy. The physical processes associated with water movement, crop growth, and nutrient cycling are directly modeled by SWAT. The model simulations are used to identify indicators that reflect critical processes related to the integrity and sustainability of the ecosystem. Specifically we focus on stream quality and quantity indicators associated with anthropogenic and natural sources of pollution. A multicriteria decision support system is then used to develop the analysis matrix where water quality and quantity indicators for the rivers, lagoons, and soil are combined with socio-economic variables. The DSS is used to assess four options involving alternative watersheds designated for intensive agriculture and dairy farming and the use or not of treated wastewater for irrigation. Our analysis suggests that of the four options, the most widely acceptable consists in the transfer of intensive agricultural practices to the larger watershed, which is less vulnerable, in tandem with wastewater reuse, which rates highly due to water scarcity in this region of the Mediterranean. More generally, the work demonstrates how both qualitative and quantitative methods and information can assist decision making in complex settings.

The impact of virtual visualisation: perception and design of spaces in ethnographic projects

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Márquez Cañizares ◽  
Juan-Carlos Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Education ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Evaluation Instrument ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Public Park ◽  
The Public ◽  
Design Students ◽  
The Impact

"The use of VR technology within education is an area that has generated great interest in recent years, so this work follows that trend and contains nuances related to user-centred design education. The objective of this work is to identify students’ perceptions of the use of VR technology for ethnographic research. A group of 20 industrial design students from Tecnologico de Monterrey conducted a field investigation, which included interviews and surveys, using HMD with videos and stereoscopic images of a public park in Monterrey, Mexico. Based on the research and information analysis, areas of opportunity were identified and urban furniture proposals for the public park that place were generated. Once the design process was completed, an evaluation instrument was applied to measure, through statistical analysis, the students' perceptions of their experience using technology in the design process; gender, qualification obtained and the relevance of the technology used was also considered."

Nitrate transport in the chalk vadose zone in in Picardy (France)

2021 ◽  
pp. SP517-2020-164
Author(s):  
N. Surdyk ◽  
L. Gourcy ◽  
V. Bault ◽  
N. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Nitrate Transport ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Major Question ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSince the 1980s, nitrate has been shown to be present in soils and the vadose zone of various types of geological materials years after fertiliser application. In chalk where the vadose zone is thick, nitrate storage can be considerable and its transport time toward groundwater can be lengthy.In this context, evaluation of the impact of changes in agricultural practices on groundwater quality remains a major question. Improvement of groundwater quality can in certain cases be greatly delayed after the implementation of environmental agricultural practices.The principal objective of this study is to improve our knowledge of when changes in agricultural practices will have a noticeable effect on groundwater quality.To meet this objective, nitrate concentration profiles were performed in agricultural plots in Picardy (France). A crop marker event was used to calculate the transport velocity of water and associated solutes. This method is useful when other tracers (as tritium or chlorine) cannot be used. Estimated velocities range from 0.51 to 0.54 m/year; these values are similar to those described in similar chalk aquifers.

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