scholarly journals Primary intracerebral melanoma: A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (83) ◽  
pp. 53-70
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Paunović ◽  
Igor Lazić ◽  
Filip Milisavljević ◽  
Aleksandar Miljković ◽  
Žarko Nedeljković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Aggressive Tumors ◽  
Supramarginal Resection ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Disease Free

Primary intracranial malignant melanoma is an extremely rare entity These aggressive tumors are derived from the melanocytes of leptomeninges or their precursor cells and can give metastasis to other organs. It effects mostly middle aged males and represents a very poor prognosis with median survival less than 1 year. For proper diagnosis, melanoma of other localization must be excluded. Giving the rarity of this tumor, treatment of choice in unclear. We report a case of 43 year old patient with primary intracranial melanoma treated by supramarginal resection followed by whole brain RT, with disease free period of three years following treatment. We strongly advocate for aggressive treatment approach, supramarginal resection whenever safe, adjuvant therapy and frequent check-ups. We also hope to inspire future studies on larger sample to in order to establish an adequate therapy protocols.

scholarly journals Position of Vermiform Appendix: A Postmortem Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uttam Kumar Paul ◽  
Humaira Naushaba ◽  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
Md Jahangir Alamq ◽  
Afshan Jesmin Alim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Vermiform Appendix ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Anatomical Knowledge ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Age And Sex

Context: Vermiform appendix is an organ with immunological function in the abdominal cavity which is variable in position and length. It is important in different disease processes, such as appendicitis, carcinoma and diverticulitis. Appendicitis is the most important clinical condition. Appropriate anatomical knowledge about vermiform appendix is important for surgeons, pathologists and other physicians for proper diagnosis and management of appendicitis and carcinoma. Study design: Descriptive type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from January 2006 to June 2007. Materials and methods: Sixty (60) human postmortem vermiform appendix, age ranging from 0 to 65 years. Samples were observed in situ in the unclaimed dead bodies within 24 hours of death. Results: Retrocaecal position was highest (65%) followed by pelvic (31.7%) and post ileal (3.3%). Subcaecal and pre ileal varieties were not found. Conclusion: To establish a data for Bangladeshi people, future studies are necessary by using larger sample size from different age and sex groups. To determine position of vermiform appendix, sonological studies are also recommended. Key words: position, vermiform appendix   doi: 10.3329/bja.v7i1.3015 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy January 2009, Vol. 7 No. 1 pp. 34-36

Establishing Adrenocortical Carcinoma Specific Prognostic Genes Signature

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S148-S149
Author(s):  
A R Patil ◽  
D S Dabrowski ◽  
J Cotelingam ◽  
D Veillon ◽  
M Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Survival ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cancer Genomics ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Signature Genes ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Disease Specific

Abstract Introduction/Objective Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasms originating from adrenal cortical tissue with an annual incidence rate of 1 to 2 cases per million individuals. These tumors have poor prognosis with 5-year disease free survival being 30% after complete resection in Stage I to Stage III patients. Hence, there is a need for identifying prognostic markers for effective management of disease in these patients. Methods We analyzed the data in The Cancer Genome Atlas of 1141 ACC individuals, using cbioportal.org, a web- based platform for analysis of large-scale cancer genomics data sets, and derived correlation between prognosis and genetic alterations in approximately 51,309 genes. Results We identified 15 signature genes (NOTCH1, TP53, ZNRF3, LRP1, KIF5A, MDM2, LETMD1, MTOR, NOTCH3, RERE, SMARCC2, LDLR, HRNR, AVPR1A and PCDH15), alterations in which indicated a poor prognosis for ACC individuals. Analysis of 15 signature genes demonstrated that disease specific median survival for the patients with ACC, was reduced to 39.5 months (p value < 8 x 10 -9 and sensitivity of 93%) when any one or more of these genes was altered. Whereas, disease specific median survival was greater than 180 months (90% survival being 180 months) with no alteration in our signature genes. In addition, our analysis of our signature genes demonstrates reduced overall survival, disease free survival and progression free survival in individuals having alterations in our signature genes. Moreover, our set of 15 genes belonged mainly to MDM2-TP53, NOTCH and mTOR pathways, and small molecule modulators of these pathways are in process of development. Conclusion Our 15 gene signature was not only able to predict poor prognosis in ACC, but also has the potential to serve as a molecular marker set for initiation of NOTCH and mTOR specific targeted therapies in these patients.

scholarly journals Best Practices in Social and Behavioral Research: A multisite pilot evaluation of the good clinical practice online training course

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Murphy ◽  
Elias M. Samuels ◽  
H. Robert Kolb ◽  
Linda S. Behar-Horenstein ◽  
Ellen Champagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Course Completion ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Good Clinical Practice ◽  
Behavioral Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Behavioral Trials ◽  
Larger Sample

IntroductionThe Best Practices in Social and Behavioral Research Course was developed to provide instruction on good clinical practice for social and behavioral trials. This study evaluated the new course.MethodsParticipants across 4 universities took the course (n=294) and were sent surveys following course completion and 2 months later. Outcomes included relevance, how engaging the course was, and working differently because of the course. Open-ended questions were posed to understand how work was impacted.ResultsParticipants rated the course as relevant and engaging (6.4 and 5.8/7 points) and reported working differently (4.7/7 points). Participants with less experience in social and behavioral trials were most likely to report working differently 2 months later.DiscussionThe course was perceived as relevant and engaging. Participants described actions taken to improve rigor in implementing trials. Future studies with a larger sample and additional participating sites are recommended.

scholarly journals Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of Pancreas In A 35 Year Old Lady

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Sadia Imdad ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Saha ◽  
Md Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
Md Mozammal Hoque ◽  
Krishna Pada Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
High Index ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas (SPN) is a rare entity; therefore proper diagnosis, evaluation and formulation of treatment protocols is difficult. The commonest presenting symptom is abdominal pain. This article presents a case of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas in a 35 years old lady. A high index of clinical suspicion is necessary to suspect and diagnose SPN. This diagnosis should be borne in mind when young female patients present with a pancreatic mass.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2017, Vol.9(1); 31-34

scholarly journals Extensive Ameloblastic Fibroma in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report with a Follow-Up of 4 Years

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poramate Pitak-Arnnop ◽  
André Chaine ◽  
Kittipong Dhanuthai ◽  
Jacques-Charles Bertrand ◽  
Chloé Bertolus
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Adolescent Patient ◽  
Odontogenic Tumour ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Initial Surgery ◽  
Ameloblastic Fibroma ◽  
The Common ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Disease Free

ABSTRACTAmeloblastic fibroma (AF) is a rare odontogenic tumour of the jaw which usually occurs in the first 2 decades of life. The common clinical manifestation is a slow-growing swelling. We report a case of a 16-year-old male patient presenting with extensive AF of the mandible. He underwent a conservative enucleation. The tumour recurred 2 years after the initial surgery, requiring the second enucleation.The patient has continued to be followed closely and has been disease-free for 4 years. Recent evidence suggests that the recurrent rate of AF is relatively high, and malignant transformation of AF may occur after recurrences or multiple surgeries. A conservative treatment approach with close surveillance is recommended. Anatomical limitations should be taken into account, especially when enucleation of AF in the posterior portion of the jaw is performed. Current surgical pathologic issues of the tumour are also discussed. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:224-228)

Effective treatment of small-noncleaved-cell lymphoma with high-intensity, brief-duration chemotherapy.

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
M L McMaster ◽  
J P Greer ◽  
F A Greco ◽  
D H Johnson ◽  
S N Wolff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Poor Performance Status ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Regimen ◽  
Disease Free

Small-noncleaved-cell (SNC) lymphoma is a high-grade, biologically aggressive neoplasm notable for poor response to therapy, high relapse rate, and less than a 20% long-term survival. We treated 20 patients with SNC lymphoma with a novel chemotherapeutic regimen using intensive doses of chemotherapy at frequent intervals in the inpatient setting. All patients were previously untreated. Sixteen patients (80%) had stage IV disease. Most patients (95%) had at least one other characteristic associated with poor prognosis (bulky [greater than 10 cm] disease, multiple extranodal sites, poor performance status), and 85% had two or more characteristics associated with poor prognosis. Seventeen patients (85%) achieved a complete response (CR) to therapy, including all three patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated disease. There have been three relapses, all occurring less than 18 months after treatment, and two of three relapses occurred in patients who were unable to complete therapy. At a median follow-up of 29 months, 13 patients (65%) remain disease-free; the calculated 5-year actuarial disease-free survival is 60%. Toxicity, chiefly myelosuppression, was severe but manageable. There were two treatment-related deaths, both in elderly patients with poor performance status and advanced-stage disease. These data suggest that such a dose-intensive approach improves the response and survival of patients with SNC lymphoma.

Correlates and predictors of self-harm in a prospective sample of sexually assaulted adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-859
Author(s):  
Fatima Valencia-Agudo ◽  
Tami Kramer ◽  
Venetia Clarke ◽  
Andrea Goddard ◽  
Sophie Khadr
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Larger Sample

Background: Sexual assault of adolescents is associated with negative mental health outcomes, including self-harm. Little is known about correlates and predictors of self-harm after sexual assault. We hypothesized that pre-assault vulnerabilities and post-assault psychological distress would be associated with self-harm after experiencing a recent sexual assault. Methods: The sample was recruited from adolescents aged 13 to 17 years accessing sexual assault centers and it included 98 females. Longitudinal data were collected at T0 (3.9 weeks on average post-assault) and T1 (21.8 weeks on average post-assault). Bivariate analysis and hierarchical binary logistic regressions were performed. Results: The rate of self-harm was 38.1% before the assault and 37.8% after the assault ( T1). History of family dysfunction ( OR 3.60 (1.30, 10.01)), depressive symptoms at T0 ( OR 5.83 (2.35, 14.43)) or T1 ( OR 2.79 (1.20, 6.50), and posttraumatic stress symptoms at T1 ( OR 3.21 (1.36, 7.58)) predicted self-harm at T1. These effects were attenuated when adjusting for confounders, except for depressive symptoms at T0 ( OR 4.21 (1.57, 11.28)). Discussion: Clinical implications for the prevention of onset or continuation of self-harm following adolescent sexual assault are discussed. Future studies should replicate these findings in a larger sample and consider different trajectories of self-harm.

A randomized trial of standard chemotherapy v a high-dose chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of poor prognosis nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors.

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
R F Ozols ◽  
D C Ihde ◽  
W M Linehan ◽  
J Jacob ◽  
Y Ostchega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Dose Regimen ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
High Dose Regimen ◽  
Disease Free

We performed a prospective randomized trial of a high-dose chemotherapy regimen v standard cisplatin-based chemotherapy in poor prognosis nonseminomatous germ-cell cancer patients. The high-dose regimen consisting of twice the standard dose of cisplatin (P), along with vinblastine (Ve), bleomycin (B), and the epipodophylotoxin etoposide (VP-16) (V) (PVeBV) was compared to the classic regimen with normal dose cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVeB). Eligibility criteria included large abdominal masses, liver metastases, multiple pulmonary metastases, brain metastases, marked elevations in serum tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein greater than 1,000 ng/mL or the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin greater than 10,000 mIU), unfavorable histology (pure choriocarcinoma), or extragonadal germ-cell tumors. Fifty-two consecutive patients with poor prognostic features were randomized to receive either PVeBV or PVeB. The median follow-up is 4 years. Treatment with the high-dose regimen increased the complete remission rate (88% v 67%, P = .14) and was associated with a lower relapse rate (17% v 41%, P = .2). The median survival of patients receiving standard therapy was 30 months, while the median survival for patients receiving the high-dose regimen has not been reached. Actuarial 5-year survival for patients treated with the high-dose regimen is 78%, compared with 48% for patients receiving standard therapy (two-sided Mantel-Cox test = .06). Disease-free survival was also superior for patients randomized to PVeBV (P = .03). Sixty-eight percent of patients (23 of 34) randomized to PVeBV are alive and continuously disease-free, compared with 33% (six of 18) for PVeB (P = .02). The major difference in toxicity between the high-dose regimen and standard therapy was the severity of myelosuppression and the incidence of severe hearing loss. Ninety-one percent of patients treated with PVeBV had a WBC count less than 1,000/microL, compared with 50% of patients receiving PVeB (P less than .05). Hearing aids were recommended for 12 patients who received PVeBV and two who received PVeB. The increased effectiveness of the PVeBV regimen in poor prognosis germ-cell cancer patients may relate to the double-dose cisplatin, the addition of VP-16, or to a synergistic effect of these two drugs.

scholarly journals Association between prodynorphin gene polymorphisms and opioid dependence susceptibility: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-wang Wang ◽  
Min Ma ◽  
Wei-guang Lu ◽  
Ru-qin Luo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Larger Sample ◽  
Allelic Model ◽  
Summary Odds Ratio

Abstract Background Prodynorphin (PDYN) gene polymorphisms have been linked with opioid dependence (OD) with conflicting outcomes, the aim of this study is to synthesize the existing evidence of the association between PDYN polymorphisms and OD susceptibility. Methods Four databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Wanfang were retrieved for relevant studies before August, 2018. All identified studies were evaluated using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Summary odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated to appraise the association. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results A total of seven case-control studies with 3129 cases and 3289 controls were recruited in the meta-analysis. For rs910080, rs1997794, rs1022563, and rs2235749 polymorphisms of PDYN gene, there were six, four, five, and four studies eventually included, respectively. The findings indicated that rs910080 polymorphism was significantly correlated with OD among Asian population under allelic model (A vs. G, OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.62, P = 0.02, FDR = 0.05) and dominant model (AA+AG vs. GG, OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.04–1.51, P = 0.02, FDR = 0.05). However, rs1022563, rs1997794 and rs2235749 polymorphisms did not appear to associate with OD susceptibility. Conclusions There existed a significant association between rs1022563 polymorphism and OD among Asian population. As the included studies were not adequate to guarantee a robust and convincing conclusion, future studies with larger sample size among more ethnicities are recommended.

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