scholarly journals Consulados y servicios secretos aliados en Melilla durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial

Aldaba ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Santiago Domínguez Llosá
Keyword(s):  
World War ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Intelligence Service

El objeto de este trabajo es hacer una aproximación a la presencia en Melilla de representaciones diplomáticas de los aliados en la II Guerra Mundial, así como la actuación en la zona de sus servicios secretos, el Intelligence Service inglés y la Office Special Services norteamericana.The topic of this essay is an aproximation to the presence in Melilla for alied diplomatic representations in the II World War, as well as the intervention in the área of their secret services, English Intellicence Service and American Office Special Services.

scholarly journals Z filologii śledczej. Praca agenturalna stalinowskich służb specjalnych za granicą na przykładzie sprawy o zabojstwo Ignacego Reissa

2017 ◽  
pp. 297-332
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Ojcewicz
Keyword(s):  
Family Members ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Marina Tsvetaeva ◽  
Second World ◽  
Intelligence Service

In order to illustrate the agency activity of Stalin’s intelligence service abroad in the 1940s I have selected a notorious case of the assassination of a prominent Soviet spy, Ignace Reiss, which took place on 4 September 1937 near Lausanne. I have set three main research objectives: 1. to verify the current state of knowledge on the assassination of Ignace Reiss; 2. to establish the possible involvement of Sergei Efron in the assassination; 3. to evaluate to what extent the fate of Sergei Efron in relation to the assassination of Ignace Reiss influenced the lives of his own family members (Marina Tsvetaeva, Ariadna Efron and Georgy Efron) and his immediate agency circle. As for today, there are strong grounds to state that Sergei Efron was not directly involved in Reiss’ killing – presumably, he did not shoot him. Following the unmasking of the espionage network in Paris led by Efron, his family and Efron himself were forced to abandon France in a hurry. Soon after that Efron and his relatives experienced Stalin’s repression of the Great Terror. Efron was executed by the NKVD, Marina Tsvetayeva committed suicide, Ariadna Efron was placed in prison for many years and Georgy Efron, 19 years old at the time died in Belarus in August 1944, merely two months after having fought at the front in the Second World War.

Father, Son, and the Bomb

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Gary Kern
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Manhattan Project ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
World War ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Foreign Intelligence ◽  
Intelligence Service

This essay discusses the memoir of Boria Sax, the son of Saville Sax, a U.S. citizen who was a Communist and Soviet spy during World War II. Saville Sax failed at most things he attempted, but he proved to be a valuable asset for Soviet espionage agencies because he was the roommate of the gifted physicist Theodore Hall, who was recruited to work for the Manhattan Project. Sax convinced Hall, who shared Sax's admiration of the Soviet Union, to supply highly sensitive information to the Soviet foreign intelligence service. The memoir offers a poignant view of the terrible impact that Saville Sax's actions had on his family as well as on the country he betrayed.

MAJOR MILESTONES OF BELARUSIAN COLLABORATION DEVELOPMENT DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
ALEXEY IPATOV
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
World War ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Military

The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of Belarusian collaboration during the World War II and the fight against it during the operation «Bagration» to liberate the territory of the Belarusian SSR. The main attention is paid to the activities of its individual representatives and a number of organizations that attempted to cooperate with Nazi Germany for «liberation» from the «Soviet yoke». It emphasizes the interest of the military and political elite of the Third Reich in cooperation with such organizations and the desire to fully control their activities. The author comes to the conclusion that thanks to the actions of Red Army, a significant part of the Belarusian collaborators was eliminated. The remaining supporters of «independence» after the end of World War II often continued their anti-Soviet activities during the cold war, actively cooperating with the special services of Western countries.

Dredging and Projecting the Depths of Personality: The Thematic Apperception Test and the Narratives of the Unconscious

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Thematic Apperception Test ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Literary Interpretation ◽  
World War ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Thematic Apperception ◽  
Second World ◽  
Intelligence Service

ArgumentThe Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was a projective psychological test created by Harvard psychologist Henry A. Murray and his lover Christina Morgan in the 1930s. The test entered the nascent intelligence service of the United States (the OSS) during the Second World War due to its celebrated reputation for revealing the deepest aspects of an individual's unconscious. It subsequently spread as a scientifically objective research tool capable not only of dredging the unconscious depths, but also of determining the best candidate for a management position, the psychological complexes of human nature, and the unique characteristics of a culture. Two suppositions underlie the utility of the test. One is the power of narrative. The test entails a calculated abuse of the subjects tested, based on their inability to interpret their own narrative. The form of the test requires that a subject fail to decipher the coded, unconscious meaning their narrative reveals. Murray believed the interpretation of a subject's narrative and the projection contained therein depended exclusively on the psychologist. This view of interpretation stems from the seemingly more reasonable belief of nineteenth-century Romantic thinkers that a literary text serves as a proxy for an author's deepest self. The TAT also supposes that there is something beyond consciousness closely resembling a psychoanalytic unconscious, which also has clear precedents in nineteenth-century German thought. Murray's views on literary interpretation, his view of psychology as well as the continuing prevalence of the TAT, signals a nineteenth-century concept of self that insists “on relations of depth and surface, inner and outer life” (Galison 2007, 277). It is clear the hermeneutic practice of Freud's psychoanalysis, amplified in Jung, drew on literary conceptions of the unconscious wider than those of nineteenth-century psychology.

scholarly journals Secret Agents of the Russian Gendarmerie in the Fight against Espionage at the Beginning of the First World War

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 892-901
Author(s):  
V. O. Zverev ◽  
◽  
O. G. Polovnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
First World War ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
World War ◽  
Secret Service ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Military ◽  
First World

The article discusses the limited intelligence capabilities of the gendarmerie departments of the Warsaw Governor General (Lomzinska, Warsaw, Kielce, Lublin, and Radom provinces) in the fight against German and Austrian spies in the second half of 1914 and the first half of 1915. One reason for the secret police’s lack of readiness is the reluctance of the gendarmerie-police authorities to organize counter-response work on an appropriate basis. The rare, fragmentary, and not always valuable information received by agents of the investigating authorities did not allow the gendarmes to organize full-scale and successful operational work on a subordinate territory to identify hidden enemies of the state. The low potential, and, in some cases, the complete uselessness of secret service personnel for the interests of the military wanted list led to the fact that most politically disloyal persons were accidentally identified by other special services. In most cases, spies were detected either due to information from army intelligence and counterintelligence agencies, or due to the vigilance of military personnel of the advanced units of the Russian army. The authors conclude that the gendarmerie departments were unable to organize a systematic operational escort of military personnel of the Russian armies deployed in the Warsaw Military District. Despite the fact that the duty of the gendarmerie police included not only criminal procedures, but also operational searches, there was no qualified identification of spies with the help of secret officers.

scholarly journals SERVICE OF BRITISH AND SOVIET WOMEN IN INTELLIGENCE DURING WORLD WAR II

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Nataliia Zalietok
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
British Government ◽  
World War ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Intelligence Service

The article compares the peculiarities of the activities and life of British and Soviet women-spies during WWIIto deepen the available information about their participation in the war and find out the common and different in the policies of totalitarian and democratic regimes concerning it. The author states that during WWII, Great Britain and the USSR recruited women into the intelligence service. Both countries taught them the necessary military skills, including the handling of various weapons. Their operational tasks in the service included the performance of combat roles too.Nevertheless, the British authorities, in contrast to the Soviet ones, denied the fact that women used lethal weapons. There was an official taboo on this in the country. Therefore, we must state the insincerity of the British government on this issue. Analyzing the level of training of agents, we see that the British government made more efforts and spent more time on it.There may be several reasons of it, but among the main ones we see the fact that the country was in a less difficult situation during WWII. After all, it managed to avoid invasion on it territories, and its military contingent was less involved in theaters of operations than the Soviet. Hence the smaller number of combat losses that needed to be urgently replaced by new military personnel.For example, the British women had the opportunity to practice skydiving during training, in contrast to the Soviet female spies – according to the testimonies of some of them, the jump during the combat mission was the first in their lives. There were also cases when Soviet intelligence groups trained only for a few weeks before the mission. In Great Britain, on ​​the other hand, there was a multi–level school for the training of agents. The life of spies on the service differed, depending on the peculiarities of their missions, their venues and the ability to take care of themselves during their completion.

scholarly journals “Send Us Some Guns and Grenades ...”: Appeal of Young Ukrainian Nationalists from Siberia to Their Confederates from the OUN–UPA in Ukraine in 1950

2021 ◽  
pp. 232-247
Author(s):  
A.V. Sushko ◽  
◽  
D.I. Petin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
State Security ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Political Exile ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Separatist Movement ◽  
Second World

The article is to study the Soviet special services’ attempt to prevent youth extremist organization of Ukrainian nationalists deploying their activities in the Omsk region in early February 1951, as they expressed an obvious readiness wage an anti-Soviet fight using agitation and terror. It is based on the analysis of a completely unknown and previously unintroduced into scientific use historical source, which remains in departmental storage. The source is fully reproduced in the final part of the article. Its facsimile copy and photograph used in the article as an illustration is exhibited in the History Hall of the FSB Directorate of Russia for the Omsk Region. High relevance of the publication is associated with the fact that neither aspects of political existence of the Ukrainian special settlers in Siberia in the late 1940s–50s, nor operational activities of the Soviet special services in this connection have been a subject of research. Among key reasons explaining this gap in historiography are peculiarities of departmental storage of archival documents of the state security agencies and complicated procedure for allowing researchers to get acquainted with them. Due to specifics of the study, the authors used a comprehensive methodological approach based on a combination of source study criticism (external and internal) with anthropological approach, biographical and problem-chronological methods. This theoretical amalgamation has allowed the authors to interpret the revealed document, linking its appearance with concrete historical situation and personalities. The publication may be of interest to researchers of the Ukrainian nationalist and separatist movement, of the political exile in the USSR in period of the Second World War, and of the work of Soviet state security agencies aimed at countering radical (ultra-right) forms of social and political thought.

ICRC activities during the Second World War: The ICRC infiltrated by the Nazis?

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (314) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
ICRC Press Division
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Nazi Persecution ◽  
Office Of Strategic Services ◽  
Second World ◽  
Intelligence Service

A group of researchers in the United States who have set themselves the task of locating the fortunes deposited in Swiss banks by victims — mostly Jewish — of Nazi persecution have laid their hands on a series of documents originating from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the American intelligence service which was the predecessor of the CIA. These documents, bearing dates in 1944 and 1945, contain allegations concerning individuals who worked for the ICRC during the Second World War.

scholarly journals Intelligence and counterintelligence in the structure of the state organs of the Republic of Estonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Mariusz Antoni Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Special Services ◽  
Security Service ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Intelligence Service

The article presents an analysis of the legal status, organization and powers of the special services of the Republic of Estonia. The author presents the mission and tasks of the Estonian Internal Security Service (Kaitsepolitsei), the Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service (Välisluureamet) and the Military Intelligence Centre (Luurekeskus). The article show the historical aspect of the Estonian special services and their location in the structure of state organs responsible for national security. In addition, the author presents a surveillance system on the activities of intelligence and counterintelligence services.

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