Biological treatment with a rotating disc contactor as a pre-treatment for the Karato sewage treatment plant.

The integration of the chemical precipitation unit which would inject a lime solution into a series of mechanical-biological processes, including nitrification/denitrification, and the sludge treatment are the subject of this project. The essential target is the large-scale reconstruction of a mechanical-biological sewage treatment plant with insufficient cleaning performance in the new German states and the adjustment of the precipitation stage to the unsteady inflow of sewage. First results indicate that the pre-treatment performance could be improved by ≅ 20% and the discharge of concentrations of COD, BOD, N and P could be reduced and homogenized. In addition, experiments on hydrolysis and acidifiability of the pre-treatment sludge have been carried out on a laboratory level with the object of making sources of carbon readily available for denitrification. In the course of the experiment, inhibition of fatty acid production by calcareous primary sludge could not be detected. The characteristics of the sludge, such as draining and thickening were considerably improved by the adding of lime.

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Occurrence and Sources of Synthetic Musk Fragrances in the Sewage Treatment Plants and the Han River in Seoul, Korea

10.20944/preprints202012.0711.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ju-Hee Hong ◽

Jun-Yeon Lee ◽

Hyun-Ju Ha ◽

Jin-Hyo Lee ◽

Seok-Ryul Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Synthetic Musk ◽

Han River ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Musk Fragrances ◽

Receiving Water

Levels of synthetic musk fragrances (SMFs) and various personal care products (PCPs) were measured in the Han River and its tributaries in Seoul, Korea. The most abundant SMF in all river and PCP samples was 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,7-tetrahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene (HHCB), followed by 1-(3,5,5,6,8,8-hexamethyl-6,7-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)ethanone (AHTN), musk ketone (MK), and 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one (DPMI). There was a significant correlation between the SMF concentration in the PCPs and the Han River samples. Moving from upstream to downstream in the Han River, the median SMF concentration was 6.756, 2.945, 0.304, and 0.141 μg/L in the sewage treatment plant (STP) influent, effluent, tributaries, and mainstream, respectively, implying that effective SMF removal was achieved during the sewage treatment process, followed by dilution in the receiving water. Four STPs using advanced biological treatment processes had removal efficiencies of 55.8%, 50.6%, 43.3% for HHCB, AHTN, and MK, respectively. The highest SMF concentrations in the tributaries were observed at locations close to the STPs. Our study confirmed that the main source of SMFs in the receiving water were sewage effluent containing untreated SMFs, which are largely originated from household PCPs, especially hair care products (e.g., shampoo) and perfumes.

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Decentralisation of the Emscher Sewerage System - Planning of the Bottrop Biological Sewage Treatment Plant

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0480 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 25 (4-5) ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

B. Teichgräber

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Drainage System ◽

Clean Water ◽

System Planning ◽

Sewerage System ◽

Activated Sludge System

The Emschergenossenschaft plans to improve the Emscher drainage system by separating sewage and clean water. 6 or 7 subcatchment areas will be created and served by separate wastewater treatment plants. The Bottrop WWTP has been planned for 1.3 million population equivalents. It is scheduled to start operation in 1995 and its costs are estimated as totalling 820 million DM in total. Biological treatment will be effected by a low-loaded, single-stage activated sludge system with cascade denitrification and modified UCT process.

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Biological Waste Water Rehabilitation of Sugar Factories by Algocoenosis Correction

Ecology and Industry of Russia ◽

10.18412/1816-0395-2017-3-16-20 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 16-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V.V. Kul’nev ◽

V.I. Stupin ◽

A.A. Borzenkov

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Domestic Sewage ◽

Total Water ◽

Sewage Treatment Plants ◽

Total Water Consumption

The article deals with theoretical and practical aspects of biological waste water rehabilitation of sugar factories by algocoenosis correction. This technology allows you to transfer domestic sewage treatment plant of filtration mode fields in the biological treatment ponds mode, significantly reducing the area of sewage treatment plants, thus improving the quality of treated waste water, which will, in turn, use them repeatedly reducing total water consumption.

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Innovative Water Treatment Design for Turning Wastewater Treatment Effluent Into Boiler Makeup Water

11th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference ◽

10.1115/nawtec11-1688 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Donald J. Castro ◽

R. Peter Stasis

Keyword(s):

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Potable Water ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Water System ◽

Treatment System ◽

Makeup Water ◽

Pinellas County ◽

Pre Treatment

The Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility (PCRRF) is a 3,150 tons per day mass burn facility located in Pinellas Park, Florida. Due to local water use restrictions and increasing costs for potable water supplies in central Florida, Pinellas County has continuously sought to reduce potable water usage at its facilities. The PCRRF’s boiler makeup water system represented a prime target. Accordingly, a makeup water pre-treatment system using reclaimed water from a sewage treatment plant as its source, has been installed upstream of the existing reverse osmosis membrane and mixed bed polishing demineralizers. The pre-treatment system consists of a micro-filtration module, followed by a reverse osmosis module, which results in an overall configuration of micro-filtration, two stage reverse osmosis, and polishing demineralization. The system has been operational for approximately six months, and is producing excellent quality makeup water for the facility boilers. This paper will describe the pre-treatment process and its operational results to date.

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Phosphorus Balance: Field Studies of Two Sewage Treatment Plants

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1971.007 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 96-114

Author(s):

J.E. Radley ◽

G.W. Heinke

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Field Studies ◽

Background Information ◽

Phosphorus Concentration ◽

Flow Measurements ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Unit Operations

Abstract Removal of phosphates from wastewater will become an important requirement in the near future in order to arrest the eutrophication of our surface water supplies. Present day treatment plants are inefficient in removing phosphates. Additions of new and deletions or changes in existing processes will be required. Knowledge of the concentration and type of phosphorus compound in all streams of a conventional biological treatment plant will be required to make effective and economical changes. This work attempts a mass balance on phosphorus on unit operations of two activated sludge plants: The North Toronto Sewage Treatment Plant and the Penetanguishene Sewage Treatment Plant. Preliminary field studies were carried out over several weeks to establish background information on phosphorus concentration and type at each plant. From this information, the number of sampling streams, timing of sampling, and accuracy and precision of phosphate and flow measurements for short, in-depth, phosphorus studies on each plant was made. Two 2–3 day surveys were made at each plant. The data are presented in the form of phosphorus mass balances on important unit operations as well as on the entire plant. Balances were found to be within the combined experimental error of sampling, analytical technique, and flow measurement. Major phosphate streams in decreasing order are the return sludge, raw influent, primary sludge and digestor supernatant. Present phosphorus reduction is about 20–30%, as expected for biological treatment. The possible effect of operational changes and additions of phosphorus removal process is discussed.

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Upgrading a Large Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant by a Combination of Biological and Chemical Processes

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1990.0235 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 22 (7-8) ◽

pp. 105-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. H. Hahn ◽

E. Hoffmann ◽

A. Kleinschmidt ◽

R. Klute

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Chemical Processes ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

The Past

The Standards controlling sewage treatment are continuously in development. Thus, upgrading existing plants is a frequently encountered problem. In the past this meant structural changes, mostly in terms of enlargement of existing facilities or addition of new units. More recently the possibilities of improving plant performance through chemicals addition (inducing precipitation and coagulation) with or without intensified biological treatment have been explored. Chemicals addition has become necessary in many instances due to the tightening of standards for phosphorous concentrations in the plant effluent. The present discussion is based on a case study where possibilities and limits of chemical and/or biological upgrading have been investigated. The analysis showed that neither chemical stages nor secondary biological stages alone can guarantee the effluent standards formulated by the water authorities.

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The Feasibility of Tubular Reverse Osmosis for Water Reclamation on a Large Scale

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0257 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 299-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. A. Slim ◽

D. G. Devey ◽

J. W. Vail

Keyword(s):

Reverse Osmosis ◽

Potable Water ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Toxicity Tests ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Water Reclamation ◽

Pre Treatment

The City of Port Elizabeth designed its main sewage treatment works with water reclamation in mind and, as the reverse osmosis process, in earlier pilot plant investigations, had shown promise in its ability to produce potable water from a sewage works tertiary effluent, a full scale tubular reverse osmosis (RO) plant was installed and operated for about 12 000 hours. The investigation showed that, although renovated water of high quality can consistently be produced under normal sewage treatment plant operating conditions, using existing plant operating personnel, frequent mechanical and instrument failures indicated the need for more reliable equipment. Feed flow to the plant averaged 25 475 1/hr with a product recovery rate of 67.5%. A 13% reduction in peak standard flux occurred, indicating that membrane fouling could be controlled within acceptable limits even though the feed received no pre-treatment other than rapid sand filtration and chlorination. No abnormal degradation of the membrane was indicated. The results obtained indicated that chemically the product was of good potable quality with the possible exception of the levels of ammoniacal nitrogen, phenols and organic pollution indicators. Bacteriological quality of the product was not satisfactory but this could easily be rectified by the provision of adequate post disinfection. Daphnia pulex toxicity tests indicated that the RO product was on occasion undesirable for human consumption. The total cost of the RO product was R l.86/kl. Although the tubular RO process has great potential for producing potable water from a tertiary sewage effluent without pre-treatment, a further stage of post-treatment is probably necessary to remove micro-pollutants.

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Accounting of External Factors for Sewage Disinvasion

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.996 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 931 ◽

pp. 996-1000

Author(s):

Natalia V. Yudina ◽

Lidiya A. Dolzhenko

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Settling Tank ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Helminth Eggs ◽

Sand Trap ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

Secondary Settling

The results of a survey of the background parasitic characteristics on individual structures of the municipal sewage treatment plant are given. It is established that 27% of the grids and sand trap are retained, the effectiveness of the retention in the biological treatment facilities after the secondary settling tank corresponded to 61.9%. Helminth eggs are mostly concentrated in sewage sludge, to a large extent maintaining their viability (90%). An imitating model of the process of disinvasion of sewage and sediments was developed, represented by a network diagram for sewage treatment fa-cilities. In production conditions, an experiment was performed to determine the influence of exter-nal factors on the efficiency of dehelmintization by the plant reagent.

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