Use of lime for the upgrading of existing wastewater treatment systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Güldner ◽  
W. Hegemann ◽  
N. Peschen ◽  
K. Sölter
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
German States ◽  
Lime Solution ◽  
First Results ◽  
Pre Treatment

The integration of the chemical precipitation unit which would inject a lime solution into a series of mechanical-biological processes, including nitrification/denitrification, and the sludge treatment are the subject of this project. The essential target is the large-scale reconstruction of a mechanical-biological sewage treatment plant with insufficient cleaning performance in the new German states and the adjustment of the precipitation stage to the unsteady inflow of sewage. First results indicate that the pre-treatment performance could be improved by ≅ 20% and the discharge of concentrations of COD, BOD, N and P could be reduced and homogenized. In addition, experiments on hydrolysis and acidifiability of the pre-treatment sludge have been carried out on a laboratory level with the object of making sources of carbon readily available for denitrification. In the course of the experiment, inhibition of fatty acid production by calcareous primary sludge could not be detected. The characteristics of the sludge, such as draining and thickening were considerably improved by the adding of lime.

Upgrading and nitrification by submerged bio-film reactors - experiences from a large scale plant

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Lessel
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Process Operation ◽  
Reactor Types

The upgrading and nitrification was a requirement in 1986 for the conventional sewage treatment plant Geiselbullach, west of Munich, Germany, designed for 250 000 inhabitants equivalents. The possibility was tested to use submerged bio-film reactors in the aeration tanks to increase the MLSS concentration. Half-scale experiments were undertaken with three different reactor types. A rope type material, called Ring-laceR was selected for the large-scale application, because it did not produce anaerobic sludge deposits, as the other tested reactor types did. The design criteria had to be developed. The process operation started in January 1988; a few months later the phosphorus removal by chemical precipitation was also put into operation. After stable conditions were assured the concentration of the MLSS could be increased to about 10 g/l, due to sludge volume indices of about 50, formerly 180 to 300. A nearly complete nitrification was achieved, which could even be continued in winter times at water temperatures of 8 to 10 °C. Many highly developed microorganisms in the sessile sludge occurred (nematodes, tubifex…), which grew excessively under certain conditions and reduced the normal bacteria to unacceptable low quantities. A worm cure could reduce the worms to acceptable counts. Problems with the longtime stability of the material arose and were investigated.

Minimising Nuisances by Covering Compact Sewage Treatment Plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rogalla ◽  
G. Roudon ◽  
J. Sibony ◽  
F. Blondeau
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants

Stringent effluent quality programs to limit wastewater discharges into receiving waters require extensive upgrading of conventional wastewater treatment plants. Large facilities built some decades ago are now often located in densely urbanised areas where land is unavailable. Since nitrogen and phophorus removal often require additional unit processes, innovative solutions have to be found to upgrade existing plants for nutrient removal. This paper shows large scale examples of compact technology and the additional upgrading flexibility provided. New facilities are implemented in sensitive neighborhoods by creative siting under sports stadiums, parks or buildings. In covered plants, air emission control becomes of primary importance. To reduce visual impacts and facilitate odour control, more and more underground treatment plants are constructed, allowing multiple use of plant surfaces. Several plants are illustrated in inner-city locations, avoiding infrastructure cost to pump sewage to remote sites. Most of the presented plants incorporate spacesaving settling facilities and high rate biological reactors to reduce the ‘footprints' of the installations and thus favour coverage. Parallel plates in primary setllers reduce the surface to about one tenth of conventional systems. Biocarbone aerated filters combine biodegradation with very high removal rates and retention of particles in one reactor, without additional clarification or filtration. Air treatment for large plant is mostly performed by chemical scrubbing, completely eliminating environmental nuisances. Performance results of both air and water treatment technology are given. Examples include recent sewage treatment plants on the French Mediterranean Coast. A physico-chemical treatment plant for 1 Million p.e. has operated since 1987 under a stadium in Marseille. In Monaco, the sewage treatment plant for 100 000 p.e.is located in the city center underneath a building of 3000 m2. Primary lamella settlers are followed by biological treatment on Biocarbone aerated filters and air is chemically deodourised. Similar technology is used in Antibes' 200 000 p.e. plant, integrated underneath a park close to the beach.

scholarly journals Aeration optimization of large-scale membrane bioreactors in a sewage treatment plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
M. Tang ◽  
J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Plant Trial ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes ◽  
Discharge Criteria

Abstract Increasing stringency of environmental discharge standards has triggered an industry-wide inclination towards membrane bioreactors over conventional activated sludge processes to ensure fulfilment of environmental discharge criteria. Yet, despite its plentiful advantages, high aeration costs remain as a key deterrent to the widespread adoption of the MBR technology. This backdrop created an impetus for a wastewater treatment company to develop an efficient MBR air scouring protocol that can be realized in existing plants without retrofitting. Known as pulsed cyclic aeration, plant trial applications have demonstrated that fouling control and aeration savings can be improved by >30%, resulting in scouring energy consumptions that can be as low as 0.049 kWh/m3.

Filtration at Bromma Sewage Treatment Plant

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Andersson ◽  
M. Tendaj ◽  
M. Rothman
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Filtration Stage ◽  
Solids Removal

The requirements for purification of the sewage will be more stringent in Sweden. For the three plants in Stockholm - Henriksdal, Bromma and Loudden the proposed limit concentrations for BOD7, total phosphorus and total nitrogen are 10, 0.3 and 15 respectively. A limit value of 0.3 mg/l of phosphorus in the effluent will require a filtration stage. In this paper results are presented from filter tests at Bromma sewage treatment plant. The tests were carried out during almost two years and included operation of different types of sand dual-media downflow filters and an upflow filter. The filters were tested with respect to sludge accumulation capacity, suspended solids removal and phosphorus removal at different operation conditions including chemical precipitation in the filters.

Innovative Water Treatment Design for Turning Wastewater Treatment Effluent Into Boiler Makeup Water

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Castro ◽  
R. Peter Stasis
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Makeup Water ◽  
Pinellas County ◽  
Pre Treatment

The Pinellas County Resource Recovery Facility (PCRRF) is a 3,150 tons per day mass burn facility located in Pinellas Park, Florida. Due to local water use restrictions and increasing costs for potable water supplies in central Florida, Pinellas County has continuously sought to reduce potable water usage at its facilities. The PCRRF’s boiler makeup water system represented a prime target. Accordingly, a makeup water pre-treatment system using reclaimed water from a sewage treatment plant as its source, has been installed upstream of the existing reverse osmosis membrane and mixed bed polishing demineralizers. The pre-treatment system consists of a micro-filtration module, followed by a reverse osmosis module, which results in an overall configuration of micro-filtration, two stage reverse osmosis, and polishing demineralization. The system has been operational for approximately six months, and is producing excellent quality makeup water for the facility boilers. This paper will describe the pre-treatment process and its operational results to date.

scholarly journals Safety Evaluation of Urban Large Scale Sewage Treatment Plant

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 906-912
Author(s):  
Gao Ping ◽  
Zhang Luyan ◽  
Fu Gui
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Accident Tree ◽  
And Control

In recent years, accidents of urban large scale sewage treatment plant at home and abroad have took a big loss to countries and individuals. Based on field research and scientific analysis of one large sewage treatment plant this paper use the safety check list to evaluate its safety and get that the main risk factors which should be focused on are poisoning and suffocation, electrical injuries, fire and explosion. Using accident tree method to analyze electrical equipment accidents we know that in order to prevent electric shock accident first is to use the safety equipment and control leakage events due to dirty and wet.

The Feasibility of Tubular Reverse Osmosis for Water Reclamation on a Large Scale

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 299-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Slim ◽  
D. G. Devey ◽  
J. W. Vail
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Water Reclamation ◽  
Pre Treatment

The City of Port Elizabeth designed its main sewage treatment works with water reclamation in mind and, as the reverse osmosis process, in earlier pilot plant investigations, had shown promise in its ability to produce potable water from a sewage works tertiary effluent, a full scale tubular reverse osmosis (RO) plant was installed and operated for about 12 000 hours. The investigation showed that, although renovated water of high quality can consistently be produced under normal sewage treatment plant operating conditions, using existing plant operating personnel, frequent mechanical and instrument failures indicated the need for more reliable equipment. Feed flow to the plant averaged 25 475 1/hr with a product recovery rate of 67.5%. A 13% reduction in peak standard flux occurred, indicating that membrane fouling could be controlled within acceptable limits even though the feed received no pre-treatment other than rapid sand filtration and chlorination. No abnormal degradation of the membrane was indicated. The results obtained indicated that chemically the product was of good potable quality with the possible exception of the levels of ammoniacal nitrogen, phenols and organic pollution indicators. Bacteriological quality of the product was not satisfactory but this could easily be rectified by the provision of adequate post disinfection. Daphnia pulex toxicity tests indicated that the RO product was on occasion undesirable for human consumption. The total cost of the RO product was R l.86/kl. Although the tubular RO process has great potential for producing potable water from a tertiary sewage effluent without pre-treatment, a further stage of post-treatment is probably necessary to remove micro-pollutants.

scholarly journals Operational experience of large-scale membrane bioreactors in an underground sewage treatment plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tang ◽  
Y. J. Chen ◽  
W. B. Yong ◽  
J. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operational Experience ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Plant Trial ◽  
Operational Excellence

Abstract With rapid urbanization, great strains are not only being placed on the production of clean water; there is also an equal, if not, more important need to treat the increasing quantities of wastewaters being produced. With urbanization driving up land prices drastically, it makes good sense to leverage on technologies with smaller plant footprints, like the membrane bioreactor (MBR), as well as to adopt an innovative underground installation of the sewage treatment plant (STP), allowing a non-obnoxious co-existence with nearby residences. Being one of the largest underground STPs, the Jingxi Underground STP in Guangzhou is a 100,000 m3/day MBR-based treatment plant that was commissioned in 2010. The case study described here demonstrates the operational excellence of the STP by illustrating how an optimized internal recirculation for the A2O-MBR process reduced aeration energy demands by 18% while simultaneously improving Total Nitrogen (TN) removal by 24%. Furthermore, the success of a plant trial elucidating conditions that stabilized higher flux operations (to handle surges in water production demands) were also discussed.

Nutrient Removal in a Short Retention Time Sewage Treatment Plant

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 327-328
Author(s):  
Ingemar Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Precipitation Process

Chemical treatment of sewage water is today often considered as a method for phosphorus reduction and used in combination with biological treatment. The experience in Scandinavia, however, shows that chemical treatment alone gives beside a good phosphorus removal also a high BOD reduction. Due to the very low investment cost for such a process it has been adapted in Scandinavia as an alternative to biological treatment. Where the demand is for greater sewage treatment the most feasible method is to complement the chemical precipitation process with a compact biological treatment. In Sweden the dominating post (and also the simultaneous) precipitation process has in many plants been replaced by a chemical pre-treatment process, because with pre-precipitation most of the organic matter is coagulated and extracted already in the primary clarifier. The energy demand in the biological process will decrease. The organic matter in the sludge will increase, which in an anaerobic digester means more digester gas. The unloading pre-precipitation effect can also give advantages for nitrification. The important BOD/TKN ratio is decreased. It is possible to build up a high sludge age and to upgrade a plant without tank expansion to a nitrifying plant. Pre-precipitation is normally not influencing the readily degradable BOD, which is about 25% of the total BOD and therefore a perfect electron donor for pre-denitri-fication is still available. The pre-precipitated sludge contains 75% of the organic matter in the sewage and can by hydrolysis be converted to readily degradable organic matter, which presents a valuable carbon source for the denitrification process. The hydrolysation process can be performed by, for instance, anaerobic treatment or heat treatment. This paper will review experiences from full-scale applications as well as pilot plant and laboratory studies.

Monitoring of the Santos Submarine Outfall, São Paulo, Brazil, 10 Years in Operation

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Berzin
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Minimal Extension ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Operational Data

This summary is based on several reports accompanying the performance of the Emissary in operation since 1979 that are analyzed together with the operational data of the Preconditioning Station of Santos Sewer, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The choice of the pre-treatment system and the emissary was made due to the regional absence of areas ample enough to install a complete conventional sewage treatment plant and to the fact that the economical studies showed the advantage of the construction of an outfall sewer taking into account the difference in cost between primary and secondary treatment of waste. The efficiency of the dimension of the minimal extension adopted is verified for the various trajectories of the maritime currents and their predominant cycles. The principal physical, chemical and biological parameters were collected from 14,309 analyses of the last four campaigns (1976, 1979, 1982 and 1986). They are analyzed together, permitting the verification of the efficiency of the oceanic sewage disposal. The results of the campaigns generate recommendations and conclusions, contributing with details for future projects and also permitting other countries of the Americas to evaluate and compare the operational performance of their emissaries.

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