scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity for kernel yield and quantitative traits in drought tolerant groundnut genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
K. Venkatesh ◽  
A. Prasanna Rajesh ◽  
T. Srinivas ◽  
P. Umamaheswari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Kernel Yield

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Selected Rice Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Gaballah ◽  
Azza M. Metwally ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress for rice production in the world. Thus, developing new rice genotype tolerance to water scarcity is one of the best strategies to achieve and maximize high yield potential with water savings. The study aims to characterize 16 rice genotypes for grain and agronomic parameters under normal and drought stress conditions, and genetic differentiation, by determining specific DNA markers related to drought tolerance using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers and grouping cultivars, establishing their genetic relationship for different traits. The experiment was conducted under irrigated (normal) and water stress conditions. Mean squares due to genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for major traits. For the number of panicles/plants, the genotypes Giza179, IET1444, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 showed the maximum mean values. The required sterility percentage values were produced by genotypes IET1444, Giza178, Hybrid2, and Giza179, while, Sakha101, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 achieved the highest values of grain yield/plant. The genotypes Giza178, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2, produced maximum values for water use efficiency. The effective number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.20 alleles to 3.0 alleles with an average of 1.28 alleles, and the He values for all SSR markers used varied from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values for the SSR were varied from 0.83 to 0.99, with an average of 0.95 along with a highly significant correlation between PIC values and the number of amplified alleles detected per locus. The highest similarity coefficient between Giza181 and Giza182 (Indica type) was observed and are susceptible to drought stress. High similarity percentage between the genotypes (japonica type; Sakha104 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.45), Sakha101 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.40), Sakha105 with Hybrid1 (0.40), Hybrid1 with Giza178 (0.40) and GZ1368-S-5-4 with Giza181 (0.40)) was also observed, which are also susceptible to drought stress. All genotypes are grouped into two major clusters in the dendrogram at 66% similarity based on Jaccard’s similarity index. The first cluster (A) was divided into two minor groups A1 and A2, in which A1 had two groups A1-1 and A1-2, containing drought-tolerant genotypes like IET1444, GZ1386-S-5-4 and Hybrid1. On the other hand, the A1-2 cluster divided into A1-2-1 containing Hybrid2 genotype and A1-2-2 containing Giza179 and Giza178 at coefficient 0.91, showing moderate tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes GZ1368-S-5-4, IET1444, Giza 178, and Giza179, could be included as appropriate materials for developing a drought-tolerant variety breeding program. Genetic diversity to grow new rice cultivars that combine drought tolerance with high grain yields is essential to maintaining food security.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Studies in MAGIC Population of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Based on Mahalanobis D2 Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Bidush Ranjan Swar ◽  
V. Swarnalatha ◽  
M. Rajendar Reddy ◽  
S. Vanisree
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Genetic Diversity ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Diversity Studies ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Soybean MAGIC lines are highly variable breeding material which utilizes both recent and historic genetic recombination events. Present investigation was carried out to assess the genetic diversity present among 95 soybean MAGIC lines along with six checks for 10 different quantitative traits. All the genotypes were grouped into 16 clusters by performing Tocher’s clustering method using Mahalanobis D2 distance. Cluster I was the largest comprising of 30 genotypes followed by cluster II (23 genotypes), cluster X (15 genotypes) and cluster IX (9 genotypes). The maximum genetic distance (D2) was observed between cluster XI and XV (168.37) followed by cluster III and XV (164.3), cluster X and XV (149.64) as well as between cluster XII and cluster XVI (145.99). The cluster mean for most of the traits were high in cluster I and cluster XVI. Oil content contributed maximum (23.86%) towards total genetic diversity followed by number of pods plant-1 (18.97%), seed yield plant-1 (18.63%), 100 seed weight (11.05%) and number of branches plant-1 (10.16%) traits. The soybean MAGIC lines belong to the cluster XI (6-120) and cluster XV (6-30, 6-31, 6-5) were found to be the most divergent hence can be utilised in the recombination breeding programs to exploit maximum heterosis.

Patterns of allozyme variation within and among Douglas-fir breeding zones in southwest Oregon

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Merkle ◽  
W. T. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity ◽  
Breeding Zone ◽  
Southwest Oregon ◽  
Environmental Distance

Gametophytes from wind-pollinated seeds of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) parent trees (mean 56) in each of 22 breeding zones in southwest Oregon were analyzed electrophoretically for gene frequency patterns at 27 loci. Allozyme variability levels were high, as shown by breeding-zone averages for the percentage of polymorphic loci (71.7%, 0.99 criterion), mean number of alleles per locus (2.46), and expected heterozygosity (0.178). Differences among zones in allele frequency were significant (p < 0.05) for only 2 of the 27 loci surveyed, and analysis of hierarchical population structure showed that less than 1% of genetic diversity was attributable to differences among breeding zones. Genetic distance between zones was small [Formula: see text] and, in general, bore no relation to geographical or environmental distance. The limited allozyme differentiation among zones contrasts strikingly with the environment-related variation in seedling quantitative traits previously reported for southwest Oregon Douglas-fir. Allozymes do not appear to be useful for mapping patterns of adaptive variation or for certifying Douglas-fir seed in this region.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity among Brazilian okra landraces detected by morphoagronomic and molecular descriptors

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e43426
Author(s):  
Luana Rainieri Massucato ◽  
Karina Kazue Nakamura ◽  
Paulo Mauricio Ruas ◽  
Douglas Mariani Zefa ◽  
Derly José Henrique da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Breeding Programmes

The conservation of okra landraces [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] in gene banks is essential for the success of their use in breeding programmes. This study evaluated the genetic diversity among okra landraces in Brazil based on morphoagronomic descriptors and AFLP markers. We studied 30 accessions of the vegetable gene bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa. To this end, 17 morphoagronomic descriptors and five combinations of AFLP primers were used. Genetic parameters were estimated for the quantitative traits and the accessions were grouped by Ward’s method, using the Gower’s and Jaccard’s distance measures, respectively, for the morphoagronomic and molecular data. Polymorphisms were observed for all qualitative traits, while the quantitative traits were significant by deviance analysis. The genetic parameters confirmed the existence of variability among accessions, and high accuracy and heritability indices were found for the traits related to fruit and plant height. Ward’s grouping showed no relationship between the clusters formed with the morphoagronomic and molecular data and the geographical origin of the accessions. No association between morphoagronomic descriptors and AFLP markers was observed. The lack of correlation suggests that both approaches of characterization are important to understand and differentiate the okra accessions.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Genetic Diversity of Maize Using a Combined Metabolomic, Enzyme Activity Profiling, and Metabolic Modeling Approach to Link Leaf Physiology to Kernel Yield

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael A. Cañas ◽  
Zhazira Yesbergenova-Cuny ◽  
Margaret Simons ◽  
Fabien Chardon ◽  
Patrick Armengaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metabolic Modeling ◽  
Activity Profiling ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Leaf Physiology ◽  
Kernel Yield

scholarly journals Studies on Genetic Diversity in Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) using D2 Statistics

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Jakkam Mahipal Reddy ◽  
Gabrial M. Lal ◽  
Velugoti Priyanka Reddy ◽  
Subhadra Pattanayak ◽  
V. Rohith Guptha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Superior Genotypes

A trail was conducted during rabi 2020 to study genetic diversity among 36 favorable genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with help of Mahalanobis D2 statistics. On the basis of D2 values, 36 genotypes were arranged into 5 clusters. The intra cluster distances were lower than inter-cluster distances, specifying that genotypes comprised within a cluster shows tendency to vary less apart from each other. Out of thirteen characteristics considered, secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, harvest index and plant height, contributed very much in relation to genetic divergence. Wide range of variability was noticed for quantitative traits. This suggested that the selection based on these characteristics would be valuable in improving the grain yield. Therefore, a direct selection based on seed yield and component traits may be practiced to choose superior genotypes which could be utilized in breeding program for the development of high yielding chickpea genotypes.

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