scholarly journals Does rapid guessing prevent the detection of the effect of a time limit in testing?

Methodology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-188
Author(s):  
Karl Schweizer ◽  
Dorothea Krampen ◽  
Brian F. French
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Response Options ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Test Taking Strategy ◽  
Open Question

Rapid guessing is a test taking strategy recommended for increasing the probability of achieving a high score if a time limit prevents an examinee from responding to all items of a scale. The strategy requires responding quickly and without cognitively processing item details. Although there may be no omitted responses after participants' rapid guessing, an open question remains: do the data show unidimensionality, as is expected for data collected by a scale, or bi-dimensionality characterizing data collected with a time limit in testing, speeded data. To answer this question, we simulated speeded and rapid guessing data and performed confirmatory factor analysis using one-factor and two-factor models. The results revealed that speededness was detectable despite the presence of rapid guessing. However, detection may depend on the number of response options for a given set of items.

Development of a Greek Version of the Sport Motivation Scale

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Doganis
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Sport Motivation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Motivation Scale ◽  
Sport Motivation Scale

The aim of the present study was to examine preliminarily the validity of a Greek version of the 1995 Sport Motivation Scale of Pelletier, Fortier, Vallerand, Tuson, Briere, and Blais. For 134 athletes the seven subscales had moderate to good internal consistency (Cronbach coefficients α from .64 to .78). Confirmatory factor analysis with nested factor models supported the structural validity of the inventory. Moreover, correlations of scores on the subscales with a measure of task and ego orientation as well as with athletes' self-reported effort in training were in the expected direction.

scholarly journals The Situational Version of the Brief COPE: Dimensionality and Relationships With Goal-Related Variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Monzani ◽  
Patrizia Steca ◽  
Andrea Greco ◽  
Marco D’Addario ◽  
Erika Cappelletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Personal Goal ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Acceptable Reliability

This study is aimed at investigating the dimensionality of the situational version of the Brief COPE, a questionnaire that is frequently used to assess a broad range of coping responses to specific difficulties, by comparing five different factor models highlighted in previous studies. It also aimed at exploring the relationships among coping responses, personal goal commitment and progress. The study involved 606 adults (male = 289) ranging in age from 19 to 71. Using confirmatory factor analysis, we compared five models and assessed relationships of coping responses with goal commitment and progress. The results confirmed the theoretical factor structure of the situational Brief COPE. All the 14 dimensions showed acceptable reliability and relationships with goal commitment and progress, attesting the reliability and usefulness of this measure to evaluate coping responses to specific events.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Scale: confirmatory factor analysis of the PSS14 and PSS10 versions in two samples of pregnant women from the BRISA cohort

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Valéria Carvalho Pires Yokokura ◽  
Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽  
Juliana de Kássia Braga Fernandes ◽  
Cristina Marta Del-Ben ◽  
Felipe Pinheiro de Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This study aimed to assess the dimensional structure, reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and scalability of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The sample consisted of 1,447 pregnant women in São Luís (Maranhão State) and 1,400 in Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo State), Brazil. The 14 and 10-item versions of the scale were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, using weighted least squares means and variance (WLSMV). In both cities, the two-factor models (positive factors, measuring resilience to stressful situations, and negative factors, measuring stressful situations) showed better fit than the single-factor models. The two-factor models for the complete (PSS14) and reduced scale (PSS10) showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ≥ 0.70). All the factor loadings were ≥ 0.50, except for items 8 and 12 of the negative dimension and item 13 of the positive dimension. The correlations between both dimensions of stress and psychological violence showed the expected magnitude (0.46-0.59), providing evidence of an adequate convergent construct validity. The correlations between the scales’ positive and negative dimensions were around 0.74-0.78, less than 0.85, which suggests adequate discriminant validity. Extracted mean variance and scalability were slightly higher for PSS10 than for PSS14. The results were consistent in both cities. In conclusion, the single-factor solution is not recommended for assessing stress in pregnant women. The reduced, 10-item two-factor scale appears to be more appropriate for measuring perceived stress in pregnant women.

The Self-Consciousness Scale: A Confirmatory Analysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 809-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
The Self ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Confirmatory Analysis ◽  
Public Self Consciousness ◽  
Three Factor

The Self-consciousness Scale measures three dimensions, private self-consciousness, public self-consciousness, and social anxiety. The present research tested previously used three- and four-factor models of the scale. Results, using confirmatory factor analysis, showed that a modified three-factor model, different from the others, fined the data best.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Group Environment Questionnaire with an Intercollegiate Sample

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuzhong Li ◽  
Peter Harmer
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Second Order ◽  
First Order ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Group Environment ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Group Environment Questionnaire

This study was designed to assess the factorial construct validity of the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ; Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985) within a hypothesis-testing framework. Data were collected from 173 male and 148 female intercollegiate athletes. Based on Carron et al.’s (1985) conceptual model of group cohesion, the study examined (a) the extent to which the first-order four-factor model could be confirmed with an intercollegiate athlete sample and (b) the degree to which higher order factors could account for the covariation among the four first-order factors. The a priori models of GEQ, including both the first- and second-order factor models, were tested through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). CFA results showed that the theoretically specified first- and second-order factor models fit significantly better than all alternative models. These results demonstrated that the GEQ possesses adequate factorial validity and reliability as a measure of the sport group cohesion construct for an intercollegiate athlete sample.

TESTING COMPETING FACTOR MODELS UNDERLYING THE PRIVATE SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS SCALE WITH HONG KONG CHINESE ADOLESCENTS

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1245-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Keung Fai Wu ◽  
David Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Hong Kong Chinese ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Unitary Model

This study evaluated competing factor models underlying the Private Self-Consciousness scale (Fenigstein, Scheier, & Buss, 1975) with a large sample of Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. Reliability analysis and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis did not lend empirical support to the three split-factor models proposed in previous research (Anderson, Bohon, & Berrigan, 1996; Burnkrant & Page, 1984; Martin & Debus, 1999). It was recommended that the original unitary model proposed by Fenigstein et al. should be retained in interpreting scores made on this scale, at least for Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. Possible influences of age and culture on the factor structure of the scale were also discussed.

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