scholarly journals Systemic and local inflammation in colorectal cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Roberts Rumba ◽  
Sandra Cipkina ◽  
Fanija Cukure ◽  
Andrejs Vanags
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Reaction

Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The cornerstone of CRC treatment is surgical resection. However, patients in the same TNM stage show different recurrence rates and survival. Of patients with a local disease without lymph node or a distant metastasis, 20–25% still develop recurrence. There is evidence that inflammatory reaction is one of the key elements in tumour development. Materials and methods. We reviewed literature on colorectal cancer and its relationships with the immune system, with special focus on local and systemic inflammatory reaction. The Pubmed and ClinicalKey databases were searched using the key words colorectal cancer, local inflammation, systemic inflammation, markers of inflammation. The relevant literature was reviewed and included in the article. Results. The immune system has two-sided relationships with cancer, so it not only performs anti-tumour activities, but can also promote tumour growth and spread. Research has shown that signs of local inflammation are associated with a better prognosis in CRC. Systemic inflammation has been associated with more aggressive behaviour and a worse prognosis for patients with several cancers, including CRC. Conclusions. Recent findings in tumour biology have improved our understanding of colorectal cancer and of the natural course of this disease. Several markers of local and systemic inflammatory reaction have been identified. The next step is to find the most accurate and applicable marker, so that this promising tool can be used in clinical practice and aid in decision making.

scholarly journals EXPERIENCE OF ENDOVASCULAR EMBOLIZATION FOR RECTAL BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WITH RECTAL CANCER

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Alexander Khitaryan ◽  
Aleksandr Murlychev ◽  
Alexey Orekhov ◽  
Sergey Kovalev ◽  
Vyacheslav Mykhaylichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Rectal Bleeding ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Endovascular Embolization ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Clinical Group ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Reaction

The article is devoted to the most dangerous complication of colorectal cancer — bleeding. The clinical group included 32 patients with stages 3–4 of the disease. Endovascular embolization by microspheres was performed in 18 patients. The bleeding was successfully stopped in all operated patients. When monitoring the main laboratory blood values in the postoperative period, the development of a systemic inflammatory reaction was not noted. Flexible rectosigmoscopy performed after endovascular embolization did not reveal a single case of necrosis of the intestinal wall above and below the tumor. In order to prevent intestinal ischemia, it is advisable to introduce microspheres in a volume of ⅓ from the circulatory channel of the embolized area. Endovascular embolization by microspheres is an effective method of hemostasis in patients with colorectal cancer complicated by bleeding.

ON THE ISSUE OF DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BACTERIAL INFECTIONS AND PEDIATRIC MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 162-167
Author(s):  
L.N. Mazankova ◽  
◽  
O.V. Molochkova ◽  
O.В. Kovalev ◽  
O.V. Shamsheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Severe Intoxication ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to be wary of the development of pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (PMIS) who have had a COVID-19 and had antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The aim of this work is to describe two clinical cases in children with antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 against the background of yersiniosis in a 12-year-old child and salmonellosis in a 3-year-old child, which proceeded with a pronounced inflammatory reaction and required a differential diagnosis with multisystem inflammatory syndrome. These bacterial infections proceeded with severe intoxication and fever, had a polymorphic clinical picture with exanthema syndrome, conjunctivitis/scleritis, swelling of the palms/feet, diarrhea and toxic kidney damage, with a pronounced systemic inflammatory reaction – high leukocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia, a significant increase in C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, hypercoagulability (increased fibrinogen, D-dimer). Etiotropic antibiotic therapy led to recovery in both cases. Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, if antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus are detected in children in the presence of signs of systemic inflammation and corresponding symptoms, the alertness of doctors and a timely comprehensive examination are necessary to exclude bacterial infections, also characterized by signs of systemic inflammation, for the purpose of differential diagnosis of PMIS.

scholarly journals From Systemic Inflammation to Neuroinflammation: The Case of Neurolupus

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykolas Bendorius ◽  
Chrystelle Po ◽  
Sylviane Muller ◽  
Hélène Jeltsch-David
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Murine Models ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
The Central Nervous System

It took decades to arrive at the general consensus dismissing the notion that the immune system is independent of the central nervous system. In the case of uncontrolled systemic inflammation, the relationship between the two systems is thrown off balance and results in cognitive and emotional impairment. It is specifically true for autoimmune pathologies where the central nervous system is affected as a result of systemic inflammation. Along with boosting circulating cytokine levels, systemic inflammation can lead to aberrant brain-resident immune cell activation, leakage of the blood–brain barrier, and the production of circulating antibodies that cross-react with brain antigens. One of the most disabling autoimmune pathologies known to have an effect on the central nervous system secondary to the systemic disease is systemic lupus erythematosus. Its neuropsychiatric expression has been extensively studied in lupus-like disease murine models that develop an autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome. These models are very useful for studying how the peripheral immune system and systemic inflammation can influence brain functions. In this review, we summarize the experimental data reported on murine models developing autoimmune diseases and systemic inflammation, and we explore the underlying mechanisms explaining how systemic inflammation can result in behavioral deficits, with a special focus on in vivo neuroimaging techniques.

scholarly journals Does the Interaction between Local and Systemic Inflammation Provide a Link from Psychology and Lifestyle to Tissue Health in Musculoskeletal Conditions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7299
Author(s):  
David M. Klyne ◽  
Mary F. Barbe ◽  
Greg James ◽  
Paul W. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Musculoskeletal Conditions ◽  
Tissue Biology ◽  
Mind And Body

Musculoskeletal conditions are known to involve biological, psychological, social and, often, lifestyle elements. However, these domains are generally considered in isolation from each other. This siloed approach is unlikely to be adequate to understand the complexity of these conditions and likely explains a major component of the disappointing effects of treatment. This paper presents a hypothesis that aims to provide a foundation to understand the interaction and integration between these domains. We propose a hypothesis that provides a plausible link between psychology and lifestyle factors with tissue level effects (such as connective tissue dysregulation/accumulation) in musculoskeletal conditions that is founded on understanding the molecular basis for interaction between systemic and local inflammation. The hypothesis provides plausible and testable links between mind and body, for which empirical evidence can be found for many aspects. We present this hypothesis from the perspective of connective tissue biology and pathology (fibrosis), the role of inflammation locally (tissue level), and how this inflammation is shaped by systemic inflammation through bidirectional pathways, and various psychological and lifestyle factors via their influence on systemic inflammation. This hypothesis provides a foundation for new consideration of the development and refinement of personalized multidimensional treatments for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions.

scholarly journals SUBMICROSCOPIC CHANGES OF BRITTLE CELLS IN THE FORMATION OF SYNDROME OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY REACTION

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
V. V. Boiko ◽  
P. N. Zamiatyn ◽  
Yu. N. Solovei ◽  
A. Y. Trubchanyn ◽  
V. P. Nevzorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Systemic Inflammatory Reaction

scholarly journals Vitamin D and colorectal cancer: Chemopreventive perspectives through the gut microbiota and the immune system

BioFactors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rinninella ◽  
Maria Cristina Mele ◽  
Pauline Raoul ◽  
Marco Cintoni ◽  
Antonio Gasbarrini
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Gut Microbiota

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin D in Preventing Colorectal Carcinogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
Fauzan Herdian ◽  
Fahmi Radityamurti ◽  
Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata ◽  
Handoko Handoko ◽  
Henry Kodrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Colorectal Carcinogenesis ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Introduction: Colorectal carcinoma is one of the cancers with a high disease burden globally. Previous observational studies have found a connection between colorectal cancer incidence with sunlight exposure and vitamin D levels. Subsequent studies investigated this relationship further and found various anti-tumoral pathways regulated by vitamin D in colorectal tissue. This paper aims to elucidate the actions of those pathways in preventing the malignant transformation of the colorectal cell by reviewing relevant literature. Methods: A search was conducted on several medical literature electronic databases for original research studying the effects of vitamin D treatment on colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer and its underlying anti-tumoral mechanism. A total of 122 studies were included for evaluation. Results: Twenty-seven studies passed for analysis. These in vitro and in vivo study reveals that vitamin D treatment can suppress cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, maintain cellular differentiation, reduce the pro-inflammatory response, inhibit angiogenesis, and hinder metastatic progression in colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma cells by regulating associated gene transcription or directly prevents activation of selected signalling pathways. Five studies have also shown that adding calcium to vitamin D treatment increases the anti-tumoral activity of vitamin D through cross-talk between both of their pathways. Conclusion: Vitamin D could potentially impede colorectal cancer transformation and growth through interaction with various signalling pathways and regulating gene transcription. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm whether vitamin D can be used as the basis of targeted colorectal cancer therapy using its inherent anti-tumoral properties.

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