scholarly journals Kašelj pri otrocih

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Praprotnik ◽  
Melanija Županič ◽  
Tina Lozej ◽  
Uroš Krivec ◽  
Delovna skupina Za pediatrično pulmologijo
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Acute Cough ◽  
Severe Underlying Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Rule Out

Cough is a common problem in children. Acute cough lasts less than 3 weeks, subacute 3–8 weeks and chronic cough more than 8 weeks.Acute cough is usually caused by common viral upper respiratory tract infection. However, the child should be thoroughly evaluated to rule out a serious underlying condition or disease responsible for the cough.The commonest cause of subacute cough is a viral infection (postinfectious cough) and it usually resolves spontaneously. If the child is otherwise well and the cough is dry and there are no specific alerts for a serious disease and the cough is resolving, a period of observation is all that is recommended. If there are any specific pointers in history and examination identified for an inhaled foreign body, chronic lung disease, or in a case of progressive cough, immediate investigations are needed.Most chronic coughs in childhood are due to viral infections, but may signify a serious underlying disease too. Chronic cough is subdivided into specific cough (i.e., cough associated with other symptoms and signs suggestive of an associated or underlying problem) and nonspecific cough (i.e., dry cough in the absence of an identifiable respiratory disease of known etiology).To prevent unnecessary investigations and ineffective treatment, and at the same time not to overlook a severe underlying disease, cough guidelines have been designed which are based on evidencebased medicine.

scholarly journals Coronavirus infection and gut microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-527
Author(s):  
D D Safina ◽  
S R Abdulkhakov
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Treatment Of Infection ◽  
Tract Disorder

At present time, a number of questions regarding the pathophysiological characteristics and therapeutic approaches to the treatment of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 remain unresolved. In some cases, patients with COVID-19 may experience symptoms of gastrointestinal tract disorder. According to the literature, the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can replicate in the gastrointestinal tract and may affect the gut microbiota. The article aims to review studies about the possible relationship between the gut microbiota condition and the course of COVID-19 infection, as well as to consider the gut microbiota as a potential therapeutic target and probiotic drugs as possible therapeutic agents in the treatment of viral infections, including COVID-19 infection. It is known that gut microbiota condition is one of the factors determining the susceptibility and features of the bodys response to various infectious agents, possibly including the COVID-19 infection. Currently published studies demonstrate a possible relationship between the gut microbiota condition and the course of COVID-19 infection, however, to confirm this hypothesis, additional studies are required, which will allow to make more unambiguous conclusions with subsequent development of new approaches to the prevention and treatment of infection. Potentially a lot of hope in this direction is inspired by the results of probiotics studies, which showed that their use may reduce the frequency and severity of viral infections of the upper respiratory tract. However, currently, there is insufficient data to extrapolate the results of these studies to COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals New possibilities of elimination-irrigation therapy drugs during the seasonal rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Radtsig
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Various methods and variants of nasal cavity irrigation are one of the most ancient in the treatment and prevention of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. When choosing a remedy for elimination and irrigation therapy, preference is given to preparations based on sea water, containing in its composition minerals and trace elements that cause additional therapeutic effect. A new direction in this type of therapy is the use of drugs containing fucoidans (obtained from brown algae extract). Their immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory effect can improve the effectiveness of elimination and irrigation therapy in symptomatic treatment of ARVI / influenza and their complications (sinusitis, adenoiditis).

scholarly journals New prospects for local etiotropic treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
A. A. Krivopalov ◽  
V. A. Shatalov ◽  
S. V. Shervashidze
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections

According to WHO, the respiratory system diseases are currently inside the ten most common pathologies. The modern strategy for treating influenza and ARVI gives priority to the antiviral and immunostimulating agents, but the symptomatic drugs, which include preparations based on silver and its compounds, also play an important role. The large positive experience in using silver preparations supported by numerous clinical studies shows their high efficacy and satisfactory safety profile in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the nose and upper respiratory tract in children and adults.

scholarly journals 1583. The Utility of the Immunodeficiency Scoring Index (ISI) to Predict Outcomes of Coronavirus (HCoV) Infections in Hematopietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Recipients

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S495-S495
Author(s):  
Fareed Khawaja ◽  
Terri Lynn Shigle ◽  
Shashank S Ghantoji ◽  
Marjorie Batista ◽  
Ella Ariza-Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Respiratory viral infections in HCT recipients are associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially after progression from upper respiratory tract infection (URI) to lower respiratory tract infections (LRI). Data on risk factors (RF) for LRI and mortality is lacking for HCoV infections after HCT. We aimed to validate our ISI in HCoV infections. Methods All adult HCT recipients with HCoV infection from 2015 to 2017 were evaluated. An ISI based on RF was used to classify patients as low (0–2), moderate (3–6), or high (7 or higher) risk for progression to LRI or death. We defined LRI as HCoV detected in nasal wash and/or bronchoalveolar lavage and new lung infiltrates on diagnostic imaging. Clinical parameters were collected and ISI were calculated for comparison. Results A total of 144 adult HCT recipients with 166 episodes of HCoV infections were analyzed. The most common HCoV serotype for LRI and URI was 229E (42.4%) and OC43 (37.6%), respectively, and most patients were infected between November and March each year (Figures 1 and 2). When compared with URI, patients with LRI were more likely in the pre-engraftment period, had multiple respiratory viruses infections, had nosocomially acquired HCoV, required hospitalization, ICU transfer, and mechanical ventilation (all, P < 0.05). Overall mortality rate was 4% at Day 30 from diagnosis and all patients who died had LRI with an 18% mortality. Among those who died, 33% had nosocomial infection, 67% were co-infected with another respiratory virus and 67% required mechanical ventilation. Using an ISI cut off of <4, the negative predictive value (NPV) for progression to LRI was 86% with a specificity of 76%. Conclusion HCT recipients with HCoV LRI were more likely to have a fatal outcome. The NPV of the ISI for progression to LRI was high and could be used as a prognostic tool for future studies and for therapeutic clinical trials. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Antibiotic therapy of acute upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Paź ◽  
Magdalena Arimowicz
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

An estimated 50% of antibiotic prescriptions may be unjustified in the outpatient setting. Viruses are responsible for most acute respiratory tract infections. The viral infections are often self-limiting and only symptomatic treatment remains effective. Bacteria are involved in a small percentage of infections etiology in this area. In the case of a justified or documented suspicion of a bacterial infection, antibiotic therapy may be indicated. Based on the Polish „Recommendations for the management of non-hospital respiratory infections 2016”, the indications, the rules of choice, the appropriate dosing schedules and the therapy duration, in the most frequent upper respiratory tract infections in adults, have been presented. Implementation of the presented recommendations regarding our Polish epidemiological situation, will significantly reduce the tendency to abuse antibiotics, and thus will limit the spread of drug-resistant microorganisms.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory viral infections in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Irina E. Moiseeva
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Instrumental Methods

Acute respiratory viral infections in children lead in the structure of child morbidity. The defeat of the upper respiratory tract accompanied by fever and impaired general condition, the main symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections. Diagnosis of most acute respiratory viral infections is based on the assessment of clinical manifestations and does not require the use of specific laboratory and instrumental methods. Modern approaches to treatment are timely and adequate symptomatic therapy.

Thrombocytopenic Purpura Associated With Exanthema Subitum

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-260
Author(s):  
Kozo Nishimura ◽  
Masanori Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Smallpox Vaccination ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Exanthema Subitum ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Postinfectious thrombocytopenic purpura in children is well known, and several viral infections have been incriminated, including rubella, measles, measles vaccination, chickenpox, mumps, smallpox vaccination, infectious mononucleosis, hepatitis, cytomegalovirus infection, and upper respiratory tract infection, as reviewed by McClure in the January 1975 issue of Pediatrics (page 68). It seems that thrombocytopenic purpura following exanthema subitum is not known in the English literature. We would like to present a brief summary of five such cases we have reported previously.1

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