scholarly journals Nupcialidad y dispensas matrimoniales en El Sagrario de la catedral de la ciudad de Puebla, Nueva España, durante el reinado de Felipe IV.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Grajales Porras ◽  
Lilián Illades Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
Differential Behavior ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Los Grupos

Con la conquista y evangelización del Nuevo Mundo se introdujo el modelo de vida cristiana y consigo las normas morales específicas en cuanto a la conducta sexual y la formación de las familias. El período de análisis toca al reinado de Felipe IV, distinguiendo dos etapas: 1621-1639 y 1661-1669. Con base en 3.391 actas de casamiento, el estudio apunta a situar algunos patrones socioculturales de la nupcialidad y el nivel de apego a las normas tridentinas y su expresión en la Nueva España. Específicamente, se intenta descubrir la importancia relativa de los matrimonios con impedimentos dirimentes que obtuvieron licencia y los recursos de los parroquianos para eludir las amonestaciones prenupciales. Otros tópicos de interés son el canon del matrimonio, su registro, la frecuencia y evolución de las nupcias, su estacionalidad y el comportamiento diferencial de los grupos étnicos mayores de la sociedad colonial: amerindios, españoles con mestizos y afrodescendientes. With the conquest and evangelization of the New World, the model of Christian life was introduced and with it the specific moral norms regarding sexual behavior and the formation of families. The period of analysis refers to the reign of Philip IV, distinguishing two stages: 1621-1639 and 1661-1669. Based on 3.391 marriage acts, the study aims to situate some socio-cultural patterns of nuptiality and the level of attachment to Tridentine norms and their expression in New Spain. Specifically, an attempt is made to discover the relative importance of marriages with diriment impediments that were licensed and the resources of parishioners to avoid prenuptial admonitions. Other topics of interest are the canon of marriage, its registration, the frequency and evolution of marriages, their seasonality and the differential behavior of the major ethnic groups of colonial society: Amerindians, Spaniards with mestizos and Afro-descendants.

scholarly journals OLD WORDS AND THE NEW WORLD: LIBERAL EDUCATION AND THE FRANCISCANS IN NEW SPAIN, 1536–1601The Whitfield Prize Winner

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 123-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysha Pollnitz
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Education ◽  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Indigenous Students ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
Bernardino De Sahagun

ABSTRACTThe Colegio de Santa Cruz de Tlatelolco, established in 1536, liberally educated the sons of Nahua (Aztec) leaders in New Spain. Its Franciscan pedagogues, including Bernardino de Sahagún (c. 1499–1590), Andrés de Olmos (1491–1571) and Juan Bautista (c. 1555–1606/13), worked with indigenous students and alumni to collect, edit and circulate Nahuatl huehuetlahtolli, or ‘speech of the ancients’. This paper examines the largest collection of these orations printed in pre-modern Mexico, the Huehuetlahtolli [1601] edited by Juan Bautista and indigenous intellectuals from the college. It argues that the Tlatelolcans adapted Nahuatl ‘old words’ for the New World of colonial society. They ornamented the speeches with rhetorical techniques derived from Santa Cruz's Erasmian curriculum. They interpolated biblical sentences, particularly from Proverbs and Sirach, to enhance the evangelising potential of the discourses. Finally, they drew on Erasmus's theory of speech, as expressed in his pedagogical and spiritual writings, to explicate Nahuatl los difrasismos concerning eloquence and good counsel. Contextualising the Huehuetlahtolli [1601] in Santa Cruz's Erasmian schoolroom reveals the contours of its argument for vernacular evangelisation, the liberal education of indigenous youth and for the elegance of the Nahuatl tongue.

To Sin No More

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rex Galindo
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Spanish Atlantic ◽  
Franciscan Order

For 300 years, Franciscans were at the forefront of the spread of Catholicism in the New World. In the late seventeenth century, Franciscans developed a far-reaching, systematic missionary program in Spain and the Americas. After founding the first college of propaganda fide in the Mexican city of Querétaro, the Franciscan Order established six additional colleges in New Spain, ten in South America, and twelve in Spain. From these colleges Franciscans proselytized Native Americans in frontier territories as well as Catholics in rural and urban areas in eighteenth-century Spain and Spanish America. This is the first book to study these colleges, their missionaries, and their multifaceted, sweeping missionary programs. By focusing on the recruitment of non-Catholics to Catholicism as well as the deepening of religious fervor among Catholics, the book shows how the Franciscan colleges expanded and shaped popular Catholicism in the eighteenth-century Spanish Atlantic world. This book explores the motivations driving Franciscan friars, their lives inside the colleges, their training, and their ministry among Catholics, an often-overlooked duty that paralleled missionary deployments. It argues that Franciscan missionaries aimed to reform or “reawaken” Catholic parishioners just as much as they sought to convert non-Christian Native Americans.

Weakening the sex

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-116
Author(s):  
Yarí Pérez Marín
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Female Body ◽  
New World ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Medical Traditions ◽  
European Women ◽  
Medical Books

Chapter 3 addresses the link between colonial ideas on femininity and period understandings of gendered physiology. Similar to their European counterparts in that they deemed women to have a weaker constitution compared to men, medical authors in New Spain, however, began linking arguments on the female body to American environments specifically. Descriptions of physiological processes favoured stricter controls of women’s diets and behaviour under the guise of ensuring their good health. The rising numbers of European women in Mexico are reflected in the fact that the two locally printed medical books that went into second editions in the sixteenth century—Alonso López de Hinojosos’s Svmma (1578, 1592) and Agustín Farfán’s Tractado breve (1579, 1592)—both revised and abridged their first versions in order to make way for sections focused on the treatment of women and children. My analysis traces notions on gender, particularly in the case of ‘exceptional’ gestational processes resulting in 'manly women' and 'effeminate men', showing how authors in the New World brought together under a colonial prism older medical traditions that had taken divergent paths in Europe.

The New World in Salvation History

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-47
Author(s):  
Timothy Matovina
Keyword(s):  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Saint Augustine ◽  
Theological Method ◽  
Church Fathers ◽  
Salvation History ◽  
The Church ◽  
Published Account

Readers of Miguel Sánchez’s Imagen de la Virgen María, which contained the first published account of Our Lady of Guadalupe’s acclaimed apparitions to the indigenous neophyte Juan Diego, rarely recognize that he was trained in the theology of the church fathers, particularly in the writings of Saint Augustine. Interpretations of Sánchez have ranged from positivist condemnations for his lack of historical documentation to laudatory praise for his defense of pious tradition to emphases on his criollo patriotism as expressed through his adulation of Guadalupe and the baroque culture of New Spain. This chapter assesses Sánchez’s work as well as the origins and formative phase of Guadalupan devotion over the century preceding his publication. It illuminates the influence of patristic thought and theological method on Sánchez, as well as the frequently ignored but foundational role of his theology and that of the church fathers on the Guadalupe tradition.

The Colonial Mosaic of Indigenous New Spain, 1519–1821

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
New Spain ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Cultural Survival ◽  
Cultural Expression ◽  
Labor Exploitation ◽  
Political Economic

From a geographically, environmentally, linguistically, and ethnically highly variable Mesoamerica, Spain created a core region within her American territories. But for New Spain’s indigenous inhabitants (Mexica or Nahua, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Maya), despite experiencing demographic catastrophe, political and religious subjugation, and labor exploitation during and after conquest, native cultural patterns and agency influenced the reshaping of governance and community (the latter into pueblos de indios), economy, and spiritual and social life during the period of colonial rule. Because environments, indigenous languages, patterns of political, economic, and spiritual organization, ways of structuring family life, varieties of cultural expression, and forms of interrelationships with Spaniards varied so much, indigenous people did not experience a single New Spain. Instead, a multiplicity of New Spains emerged. These indigenous New Spains would play different roles during the independence period, which led to a protracted struggle, further impoverishment, and growing isolation in the new nations of Mesoamerica but cultural survival as well.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Bird Diversity in the New World

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1180-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonin Machac
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New World ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Diversification Rates ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Three prominent explanations have been proposed to explain the dramatic differences in species richness across regions and elevations, (i) time for speciation, (ii) diversification rates, and (iii) ecological limits. But the relative importance of these explanations and, especially, their interplay and possible synthesis remain largely elusive. Integrating diversification analyses, null models, and geographic information systems, I study avian richness across regions and elevations of the New World. My results reveal that even though the three explanations are differentially important (with ecological limits playing the dominant role), each contributes uniquely to the formation of richness gradients. Further, my results reveal the likely interplay between the explanations. They indicate that ecological limits hinder the diversification process, such that the accumulation of species within a region gradually slows down over time. Yet, it does not seem to converge toward a hard ceiling on regional richness. Instead, species-rich regions show suppressed, but continued, diversification, coupled with signatures of possible competition (esp. Neotropical lowlands). Conversely, species-poor, newly-colonized regions show fast diversification and weak to no signs of competition (esp. Nearctic highlands). These results held across five families of birds, across grid cells, biomes, and elevations. Together, my findings begin to illuminate the rich, yet highly consistent, interplay of the mechanisms that together shape richness gradients in the New World, including the most species-rich biodiversity hotspots on the planet, the Andes and the Amazon. [Biogeography; community; competition; macroevolution; phylogenetics; richness gradient.]

Primer for a New World

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
Estefanía Yunes Vincke
Keyword(s):  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Cultural Contact ◽  
Basin Of Mexico ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe Cartilla para enseñar a leer (1569), attributed to Flemish Franciscan Pedro de Gante, was one of the most important primers from the early years of the viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevertheless, the primer's importance during the process of cultural contact has been largely ignored. As did other primers of the period, the Cartilla contained the most important prayers, but what sets the Cartilla aside is that its selection of prayers is presented in a trilingual version, in Castilian, Latin, and Nahuatl. The content of the Cartilla invites the question as to why Gante, a missionary focused on writing doctrinal works in Nahuatl, would compose a primer that is trilingual, but raises another that is perhaps more perplexing: Why were most of the prayers in Castilian? In this article, I intend to shed a light on Gante's decision to create a complex tool that could be employed by a mixed audience of Castilian, creole, mestizo and Nahua children. By doing this, Gante unwittingly started a process of cultural contact in which language played a pivotal role. The Cartilla thus presents itself as a multifaceted tool that helped shaped the culture of the Basin of Mexico during the early years of the viceroyalty.

Luis de Carvajal and His People

AJS Review ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-100
Author(s):  
Samuel Temkin
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Philip Ii ◽  
Spanish Inquisition

This work discusses some aspects of the life of Luis de Carvajal, the head of the well-known Carvajal family. This man was Portuguese by birth, which meant that he was not allowed to go to the Spanish New World. Nevertheless, in 1579, Philip II awarded him a vast territorial entity in New Spain, called Nuevo Reino de León, and allowed him to bring to it a large number of people without having to certify their being Old Christians. Nearly ten years later, he was apprehended by orders of Viceroy Manrique de Zuñiga and brought to Mexico City, where he was jailed in the Crown's prison. On April 14, 1589, he was transferred to the secret jails of the Spanish Inquisition, where he was subjected to a nine-month-long trial, accused of heresy, of knowingly bringing Jews to New Spain, and of concealing their religious activities. Ultimately, he was found guilty of the last two charges and was sentenced to a six-year exile from New Spain. However, before the sentence was carried out, he was returned to the Crown's jail, where he died a year later.

Tradiciones, paradigmas y escuelas

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 11-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ascensión Hernández Triviño
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
New Spain ◽  
New World ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Religious Orders ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Mesoamerican Languages

Summary After “discovering” a New World at the end of the 15th century, missionaries soon began to produce grammars of the languages spoken there. It can be said that ‘missionary linguistics’ was born and thus the nature of the American languages was becoming known. In this paper the author proposes to analyse a corpus of fifty-six grammars from Mesoamerica, i.e., the central region of the American continent. In the analysis, the author distinguishes five schools according to the established religious orders in New Spain: Franciscan, Dominican, Jesuit, Augustinian, and the secular Church. Although the grammars written in these schools are almost exclusively based on the Latin tradition, many of them contain innovative descriptions of the specific structures found in these Mesoamerican languages.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document