scholarly journals Domestication process and appearance of world centers of animal domestication

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 261-269
Author(s):  
A. M. Khokhlov ◽  
D. I. Baranoskyi
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Features Selection ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Animal Domestication ◽  
The World ◽  
Group Protein ◽  
World Center ◽  
Evolutional Process ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. To study the phylogenetic regularities of has evolutional process in animal domestication has been the object of research. To cover the materials of ancient Tripilskiy Settlement (Luka-Vrublivetska, Usatovo, Prychornomorye) has been the task of our research. Methods. Archeological (skeletons of wild and domestic animals), zootechnical (measures, parameters, indices) comparative and anatomic (skull, bones, muscles, internal organs), immune and genetic (blood group, protein polymorphism) were the methods. Results. Ancestors of domestic animals habited on the large areals of Ukraine and surrounding territories (wolves, wild boars, wild bulls, wild horses, wild ancestors of sheep and goats have been the object for hunting and domestication. Tripilska culture occupied the large territory long the banks of Dniper, Dnister, South Buh, Dunai. Ukraine has become one of the world centers of animal domestication in that epoch. Conclusions.Domestication of animals – is complicated and long process with its change ability of features, selection of excessive and dominant mutations. On the base of long-team investigations of animals domestication we offer to name this new world center of dog, swine, sheep, goat, cattle, horse and bee domestication as – Tripilska. Keywords: domestication, population, selection, gen, genome.

scholarly journals Preservation of Biological Diversity of Domestic Animals in Hungary

2002 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Imre Bodó
Keyword(s):  
Mating Systems ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Selection Of

Since the 1992 Rio de Janeiro UNO Congress domestic animals belong also officially to the genetic diversity of the world. Non commercial domestic animal breeds should be maintained for many cultural and technical reasons. Conservation and preservation of living beings is nowadays in the programme of many regional, national and international organizations.The preservation of domestic animals is possible in situ (at the original place and conditions) and ex situ (by cryogenic methods).There are three era in the history of preservation of domestic animals: the epoch of spontaneous maintenance, the period of sporadic national activities and the era of international programme.Some of the questions to be solved by scientific research: the principles of selection of the candidate populations for maintenance, the different degrees of endangeredness, the necessary population size to be subsidized, the problem of inbreeding, the best mating systems etc.In Hungary the maintenance of endangered domestic animal breeds is based upon the low.The following breeds are on the list of protected breeds:− the Hungarian Grey cattle,− the Lipizzan, Shagya, Nonius, Gidran, Furioso,Kisbér Halfbred, Murinsulaner and Hucul horses,− the Racka, Tsigai and Cikta sheep,− the Mangalitsa pig,− the Hungarian yellow, white, speckled and the Transsylvanian naked necked hen,− the Bronze Turkey,− the Frizzle Feathered goose.Hopefully in the near future the breeders of traditional domestic animal breeds will find the possible niches for their special products.

The zooarchaeology of Neolithic China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Xiaolin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Subsistence Economy ◽  
Animal Domestication ◽  
Social Elites ◽  
The World

China is one of the few primary loci of animal domestication and of emergent agriculture in the world; Chinese society has been predominantly agrarian for thousands of years, a process that began in the Neolithic (7000–2000 cal bc). Among the most important domestic animals known in Neolithic China, pig and dog were first domesticated indigenously. Sheep, goat, cattle, and horse were introduced into northern China later through the Eurasian steppes. The zebu and buffalo were probably introduced first into southwest China. The chicken is the least understood domesticate. Domestic animals not only played crucial roles in the subsistence economy, but were also used as ritual offerings at various ceremonial events, facilitating social elites’ negotiation for power.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN BUFFY COAT SMEAR AND DAT FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF VL IN SUDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Rihab Mohamed Abdelrahman ◽  
Sayda Hassan El Safi
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
The World ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Better Than

Visceral Leishmaniasis is considered by WHO as one of the leading diseases in the world and is present in 88 countries worldwide.It affects poor communities in peripheral areas. It infects the internal organs of the body. It is fatal if not treated.It is caused by the parasite L.donovani in the old world and L.infantum in the new world. Correct diagnosis is necessary if the disease is to be treated.Many diagnostic techniques are known but none is agreed upon worldwide.This study aims to compare two techniques for the diagnosis of VL in Sudan.37 patients was included in this study.Buffy coat smears were prepared from peripheral blood of these patients and were searched for the presence of the parasite.Serum from these blood samples was used to preform DAT technique.The sensitivity of buffy coat smear was 37.8% and that of DAT was 100%.When MacNemar test was conducted, it was found that DAT is better than buffy coat smear for the diagnosis of VL.We concluded that DAT is a better diagnostic technique and could be adapted for diagnosis of VL in Sudan.   

“To Corrupt a Man in the Midst of a Verse”: Ben Jonson and the Prose of the World

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-72
Author(s):  
Jacob Tootalian
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Ben Jonson ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Interactive Engagement ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Bartholomew Fair

Ben Jonson's early plays show a marked interest in prose as a counterpoint to the blank verse norm of the Renaissance stage. This essay presents a digital analysis of Jonson's early mixed-mode plays and his two later full-prose comedies. It examines this selection of the Jonsonian corpus using DocuScope, a piece of software that catalogs sentence-level features of texts according to a series of rhetorical categories, highlighting the distinctive linguistic patterns associated with Jonson's verse and prose. Verse tends to employ abstract, morally and emotionally charged language, while prose is more often characterized by expressions that are socially explicit, interrogative, and interactive. In the satirical economy of these plays, Jonson's characters usually adopt verse when they articulate censorious judgements, descending into prose when they wade into the intractable banter of the vicious world. Surprisingly, the prosaic signature that Jonson fashioned in his earlier drama persisted in the two later full-prose comedies. The essay presents readings of Every Man Out of his Humour and Bartholomew Fair, illustrating how the tension between verse and prose that motivated the satirical dynamics of the mixed-mode plays was released in the full-prose comedies. Jonson's final experiments with theatrical prose dramatize the exhaustion of the satirical impulse by submerging his characters almost entirely in the prosaic world of interactive engagement.

Henry Kissinger's book World order: Reflections on the beginnings of nations and the course of history

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Abdul Hamid Al - Eid Al - Mousawi
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
New World Order ◽  
Central Idea ◽  
Global System ◽  
The World ◽  
Western European ◽  
Book World

The central idea of Henry Kissinger's latest book, The Global System, is that the world desperately needs a new world order, otherwise geopolitical chaos threatens the world, and perhaps chaos will prevail and settle in the world. According to Kissinger, the world order was not really there at all, but what was closest to the system was the Treaty of Westphalia, which included about twenty Western European states for almost four centuries.

A new species of Platymystax (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae: Hemigasterini) from Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-286
Author(s):  
D.R. Kasparyan ◽  
M. López-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New World ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Preliminary Identification ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Species ◽  
World Fauna

A new species of the tribe Hemigasterini, Platymystax xalapa sp. nov., is described from the Mexican State of Veracruz. It is the first species of the genus described from the New World. A preliminary identification key to all known seven species of Platymystax of the world fauna is provided.

MODERN STAGE IN THE FORMATIONOF POLYCENTRIC WORLD

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.N. MIKHAILENKO
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World Order ◽  
New World Order ◽  
International Leadership ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

The world is in a state of profound changes. One of the most likely forms of the future world pattern is polycentrism. At the stage of the formation of a new world order, it is very important to identify its key properties, identify the challenges associated with them and offer the public possible answers to them. It is proposed to consider conflictness, uncertainty and other features as properties of polycentrism. These properties entail certain challenges, the answers to them could be flexibility of diplomacy, development of international leadership and others.

Presence, Environment, and Sound and the Role of Imagination

2019 ◽  
pp. 667-681
Author(s):  
Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Actual World ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
The World ◽  
Visual Dimension ◽  
The Creation ◽  
First Person Shooter ◽  
Selection Of

Mark Grimshaw-Aagaard addresses the role of sound in the creation of presence in virtual and actual worlds. He argues that imagination is a central part of the generation and selection of perceptual hypotheses—models of the world in which we can act—that emerge from what Grimshaw-Aagaard calls the “exo-environment” (the sensory input) and the “endo-environment” (the cognitive input). Grimshaw-Aagaard further divides the exo-environment into a primarily auditory and a primarily visual dimension and he deals with the actual world of his own apartment and the virtual world of first-person-shooter computer games in order to exemplify how we perceptually construct an environment that allows for the creation of presence.

Collective Decision-making: FIFA from the Perspective of Public Choice

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Follert ◽  
Lukas Richau ◽  
Eike Emrich ◽  
Christian Pierdzioch
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Choice ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Collective Decision ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Public Choice Theory ◽  
World Cup ◽  
The World ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractVarious scandals have shaken public confidence in football's global governing body, Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA). It is evident that decision-making within such a collective provides incentives for corruption. We apply the Buchanan-Tullock model that is known from Public Choice theory to study collective decision-making within FIFA. On the basis of this theoretical model, we develop specific proposals that can contribute to combating corruption. Three core aspects are discussed: the selection of the World Cup host, transparency in the allocation of budgets, and clear guidelines for FIFA officials and bodies with regard to their rights and accountability. Our insights can contribute to a better understanding of collective decision making in heterogenous groups.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Empirical Characterization of Water as a Factor: Examples and Related Issues with the World Trade Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cazcarro ◽  
Albert E. Steenge
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Model ◽  
Selection Of

This article originates from the theoretical and empirical characterization of factors in the World Trade Model (WTM). It first illustrates the usefulness of this type of model for water research to address policy questions related to virtual water trade, water constraints and water scarcity. It also illustrates the importance of certain key decisions regarding the heterogeneity of water and its relation to the technologies being employed and the prices obtained. With regard to WTM, the global economic input–output model in which multiple technologies can produce a “homogeneous output”, it was recently shown that two different mechanisms should be distinguished by which multiple technologies can arise, i.e., from “technology-specific” or from “shared” factors, which implies a mechanism-specific set of prices, quantities and rents. We discuss and extend these characterizations, notably in relation to the real-world characterization of water as a factor (for which we use the terms technology specific, fully shared and “mixed”). We propose that the presence of these separate mechanisms results in the models being sensitive to relatively small variations in specific numerical values. To address this sensitivity, we suggest a specific role for specific (sub)models or key choices to counter unrealistic model outcomes. To support our proposal we present a selection of simulations for aggregated world regions, and show how key results concerning quantities, prices and rents can be subject to considerable change depending on the precise definitions of resource endowments and the technology-specificity of the factors. For instance, depending on the adopted water heterogeneity level, outcomes can vary from relatively low-cost solutions to higher cost ones and can even reach infeasibility. In the main model discussed here (WTM) factor prices are exogenous, which also contributes to the overall numerical sensitivity of the model. All this affects to a large extent our interpretation of the water challenges, which preferably need to be assessed in integrated frameworks, to account for the main socioeconomic variables, technologies and resources.

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