Novel Geometric Morphometric (GMM) Application to the Study of Bronze Age Tutuli

Danish Journal of Archaeology ◽

10.7146/dja.v8i0.112494 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Christina Vestergaard ◽

Christian Steven Hoggard

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Bronze Age ◽

Temporal Relationship ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Geometric Morphometric ◽

Object Group ◽

Research Questions

In this paper, we examine the morphological diversity of the tutuli object group from the earlier Nordic Bronze Age (henceforth NBA) – an often over-looked object group despite their abundance specially, temporally and contextually. Currently, only a few studies of the morphological diversity of tutuli have been published, and these consist primarily of decade-old-typologies. The objective of this of this paper is first and foremost methodological, as we examine two research questions – concerning classification and periodisation – through a novel two-dimensional geometric morphometric (henceforth GMM) framework and subsequent multivariate analysis. Inherently we examine whether specific shapes conform to the classificatory of the Montelius typology, and whether a temporal relationship exists between types and shapes.

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Novel system for classifying chromatographic applications, exemplified by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and multivariate analysis

Journal of Chromatography A ◽

10.1016/j.chroma.2004.08.135 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1071 (1-2) ◽

pp. 229-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Valentijn G. van Mispelaar ◽

Hans-Gerd Janssen ◽

Albert C. Tas ◽

Peter J. Schoenmakers

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Two Dimensional

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Morphological diversity in tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae): comparing tenrec skull diversity to their closest relatives

10.7287/peerj.preprints.811v1 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Sive Finlay ◽

Natalie Cooper

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Analysis ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Lateral View ◽

Ecological Niches ◽

Diverse Group ◽

Geometric Morphometric ◽

Skull Shape ◽

Morphometric Analyses ◽

The Family

Morphological diversity is often studied qualitatively. However, to truly understand the evolution of exceptional diversity, it is important to take a quantitative approach instead of relying on subjective, qualitative assessments. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of morphological diversity in a Family of small mammals, the tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae). Tenrecs are often cited as an example of an exceptionally morphologically diverse group. However, this assumption has not been tested quantitatively. We use geometric morphometric analyses of skull shape to test whether tenrecs are more morphologically diverse than their closest relatives, the golden moles (Afrosoricida, Chrysochloridae). Tenrecs occupy a wider range of ecological niches than golden moles so we predict that they will be more morphologically diverse. Contrary to our expectations, We find that tenrec skulls are only more morphologically diverse than golden moles when measured in lateral view. Furthermore, similarities among the species-rich Microgale tenrec Genus appear to mask higher morphological diversity in the rest of the Family. These results reveal new insights into the morphological diversity of tenrecs and highlight the importance of using quantitative methods to test qualitative assumptions about patterns of morphological diversity.

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Introduction and Background

Technology and Urbanism in Late Bronze Age Egypt ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198803591.003.0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Anna K. Hodgkinson

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

Bronze Age ◽

Raw Materials ◽

High Status ◽

Late Bronze Age ◽

New Kingdom ◽

The Status ◽

Status Goods ◽

Research Questions ◽

And Control

This book aims to establish knowledge of the infrastructure and organization of the excavated cities in Late Bronze Age (LBA), or New Kingdom Egypt (c.1550–1069 BC), and provide an understanding of the accessibility and control of the high-status products and the raw materials and tools used for their manufacture. This is done by analysing the distribution of the artefactual and structural evidence of the manufacture of high-status goods from three sites used as case-studies, namely Amarna, in Middle Egypt, Gurob, in the Faiyum region, and Malqata, in ancient Thebes (Chapters 2–5). It attempts to achieve some knowledge of the control and distribution of the finished goods, highlighting buildings and areas in the settlements that were involved in the production, and others that would be the consumers of high-status goods. By detecting some mutual patterns between the sites analysed, it has been possible to achieve an understanding of urban high-status manufacture throughout the New Kingdom and its influence on the internal organization and status of settlements. Moving inwards, the study then focuses on workshops, their layouts and functionality (Chapters 6 and 7). A number of research questions will be answered, which address the issues of settlement status, craft production and its social context, the character of workshops as well as their influence on LBA settlements. These questions are presented in Sections 1.1–1.6 together with the data and methods used to address them. In the discussion of the status of a larger settlement we have to take into account the work and opinions of previous scholars. Trigger, for instance, differentiates between two approaches to settlement archaeology as a whole: (a) one focusing on the location, size, spacing, material culture, and activities, as opposed to another (b) focusing on the interactions of their environmental, economic, and technological determinants. While much information concerning the first approach existed by this date, he states that at the time of publication (in the early 1970s) there was still a lack of understanding concerning the economic and technological interactions within the settlements.

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Morphological diversity of the stone crayfish − traditional and geometric morphometric approach

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems ◽

10.1051/kmae/2019042 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Leona Lovrenčić ◽

Vjera Pavić ◽

Stefan Majnarić ◽

Lucija Abramović ◽

Mišel Jelić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variability ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Dorsal Side ◽

Small Scale ◽

Geometric Morphometric ◽

Discriminant Analyses ◽

Stone Crayfish ◽

Multivariate Discriminant ◽

First Time

Austropotamobius torrentium is one of four native European crayfish species inhabiting Croatian freshwaters. Existence of eight divergent monophyletic mtDNA phylogroups was described within A. torrentium; six of them are distributed in Croatia, with the highest genetic diversity established in its northern-central Dinaric region. Recent small-scale study of the stone crayfish morphological variability indicated significant differences among different phylogroups. In the present study larger sample size, covering populations from five phylogroups, was analysed with the aim of determining whether there are morphological characteristics that reliably separate stone crayfish from different phylogroups. Aiming this, 245 stone crayfish were analysed through traditional (TM) and, for the first time, geometric morphometric (GM) analyses. Multivariate discriminant analyses included 24 TM characteristics per crayfish, while GM comprised analyses of 22 landmarks on the dorsal side of cephalon. Both methods revealed congruent results, and significant differences among phylogroups in analysed features were obtained, with the cephalon shape contributing the most to crayfish discrimination. Research confirmed that both approaches, combined with statistical methods, are useful in distinguishing and separating crayfish phylogroups. Findings of present study are compatible with the previous molecular findings; stone crayfish present several distinct evolutionary lineages whose species status are currently undefined and require urgent clarification.

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Optimal fishing samplers to reveal the morphological structure of a fish assemblage in a subtropical tidal flat

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20170168 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Carolina C. Siliprandi ◽

Víctor M. Tuset ◽

Antoni Lombarte ◽

Marc Farré ◽

Carmen L. D. B. Rossi-Wongtschowski

Keyword(s):

Tidal Flat ◽

Fish Assemblage ◽

Fish Assemblages ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Otter Trawl ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Geometric Morphometric

ABSTRACT Morphological characters of species are essential for assessing the functional structure of a fish assemblage, since differences between them, for example in body shape, are related to many functional and ecological traits (e.g., swimming, search for food, striking and capturing prey, evading predators, spawning). Globally, tidal flats are relevant to fish assemblages by offering feeding, refuge, and reproduction grounds. To analyze the morphofunctional structure of the fish assemblage from a tidal flat on the Brazilian coast, we conducted standardized sampling using nine different fishing gears. The geometric morphometric method was applied to describe the fish shapes and verify the morphological structure of the assemblage. Here, we present the influence/susceptibility of each gear type on the morphological diversity of the fish assemblage. The results indicated that beach seine, otter trawl, marginal encircling gillnet, and fish traps, together, were the most effective gears to represent the maximum morphological variability of fish inhabiting that tidal flat. Moreover, the assemblage showed high morphological redundancy considered as a resistance of the ecosystem for avoiding functional diversity loss, emphasizing the importance of complementary gear use when determining fish assemblages in a conservation context.

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MANOVA: A Procedure Whose Time Has Passed?

Gifted Child Quarterly ◽

10.1177/0016986219887200 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 56-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francis L. Huang

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Research Question ◽

Statistical Procedure ◽

Large Majority ◽

Multivariate Analysis Of Variance ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Research Questions ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Published Research

Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is a statistical procedure commonly used in fields such as education and psychology. However, MANOVA’s popularity may actually be for the wrong reasons. The large majority of published research using MANOVA focus on univariate research questions rather than on the multivariate questions that MANOVA is said to specifically address. Given the more complicated and limited nature of interpreting MANOVA effects (which researchers may not actually be interested in given the actual post hoc strategies employed) and that various flexible and well-known statistical alternatives are available, I suggest that researchers consult these better known, robust, and flexible procedures instead, given the proper match with the research question of interest. Just because a researcher has multiple dependent variables of interest does not mean that a MANOVA should be used at all.

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