scholarly journals Fra bondedans til karakterstykke for klaver. Musik i et proprietærlignende miljø i mellemkrigstiden

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Henrik Koudal
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Dance Music ◽  
Character Pieces ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Musical Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Struggle ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
The 19Th Century

Although squires, proprietors and larger farmers played an important cultural andpolitical role in Denmark between 1870 and 1940, only very little is know about musicin their private homes in the countryside. The article is a perspective of musical lifeon the farm Torpelund in Northwest Zealand during the interwar period. It examinesa previously unresearched aspect of Danish music culture in the 20th century on thebasis of comprehensive source studies and a contemplation of forms of music and cultureswithin that spectrum, of which the researched subject matter forms a part. Thecore of this is an in-depth analysis of the publication Gamle Danse fra Nordvestsjælland(Old Dances from Northwest Zealand), 1–3 (1923–28). It was created and used at Torpelundin a cooperation between two siblings from the farm, namely folklore collectorand columnist Christian Olsen, who collected and published the melodies, and thepianist Christiane Rützou, who put them to piano. The publication is a key to understandingthe importance of music in the environment at Torpelund.The article characterises the cultural transformation, which these dance melodiesunderwent from string and brass accompanied peasant dances that were played by thefather of the two siblings in Northwest Zeland in the 19th century to becoming pianopieces in the living rooms of the larger farms during the interwar period. With themusical analysis, the author would like to develop analytical grips on this type of repertoireused, which respect the musical characteristics of these repertoires. The studydiscusses the special nature of Christiane Rützou’s piano arrangements and comparesthem with a couple of Louis Glass’ rural pieces, which the composer and his wife performedthemselves at Torpelund. Is this dance music, educational teaching material,popular music or romantic character pieces? The answer is that Christiane Rützou’s piano arrangements merge elements from popular dance music with romantic pianomusic of the 19th century in a special way.For Christian Olsen, the dance version was part of a conservative cultural struggle,which at one and the same time desired to oppose the introduction of modern Americandancing while creating progressive, cheerful music to be used by farmers andlarger landowners. He wanted to transform the old dance music of the peasants in orderto preserve the values of the farmer and proprietary culture.

Historia leksemu "badylarz" (na marginesie prac nad "Wielkim słownikiem języka polskiego PAN")

Język Polski ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Jakub Bobrowski
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article explores the semantic and pragmatic evolution of the lexical unit "badylarz" (‘vegetable gardener’). The author challenges the generally accepted opinions about its history, making use of data from dictionaries, digital libraries and corpora of the Polish language. It is commonly believed that the word came into existence during the PRL era and belonged to the typical elements of the discourse of communist propaganda. An analysis of the collected data showed that the word "badylarz" existed as far back as the second half of the 19th century. Originally, it was a neutral lexeme, but in the interwar period it became one of the offensive names of class enemies, often used in left-wing newspapers. After the war, negative connotations of the word were disseminated through literature and popular culture. Nowadays, "badylarz" functions as the lexical exponent of cultural memory of communist times.

scholarly journals Activities of the Theosophical Society and the Order of the Star in the East in the Czech Lands until 1939

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Józef Szymeczek
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Star Order ◽  
Czech Lands ◽  
The 19Th Century

The study shows the penetration of the Theosophical movement into Austro-Hungarian territory, highlighting this process in the Czech lands from the end of the 19th century. It also examines the development of the Theosophical movement in the territory of Czechoslovakia during the interwar period, and analyses the conflict that occurred in the Theosophical circles as the result of accepting or rejecting the teachings of Jiddu Krishnamurti, recognised as the manifestation of Majtreja, but also as the expected Messiah. The analysis also considers the activities of the Star Order in the East, which was founded for the purpose of spreading the teachings of Krishnamurti.

Nation and Empire in Northern Atlantic History

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Buchenau ◽  
Elena Furlanetto
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Middle French ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Anglo Norman ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern Atlantic ◽  
And Control ◽  
The 19Th Century

Nation and empire are intriguing conceptual frameworks for the study of the historical persistence of Atlantic entanglements—especially in the northern hemisphere. The Atlantic might generally be understood to have interlocked the Americas, Africa, and Europe from the beginning of European westward exploration until the official end of both slavery and European imperialism on Northern American soil. But Atlantic ideological battles extended well beyond the 19th century. Today, they are alive and kicking once more. As conceptual frameworks nation and empire organize ideas of belonging, community building, and social cohesion. In addition, they are short-hands for distinct, in fact competing, forms of political and economic hegemony. Since mechanisms of exclusion and seclusion have forged, delimited, and expanded nations as much as empires, this bibliographical essay will focus on studies that draw attention to the commonalities of nation and empire. Within the framework of the (Northern) Atlantic, nations and empires lose their cohesive and exclusivist aura, inviting persistent, if contrastive, comparisons of connective as well as divisive modes of transportation, exchange, and intellectual as well as cultural transformation. The idea of nation evokes several meanings: First used in Anglo-Norman and Middle French to denote birth, lineage, or family, the idea of the nation helped to lay the ground for modern-age ideas of race and biological descent. As a social and cultural concept, the nation organizes communities around questions of kinship, belonging, and culture until today. From the 19th century onward “nation” simultaneously described a political formation established by and for its diverse population. Empire likewise has many layers: etymologically speaking the word is used to speak about extensive territories controlled by a single ruler; politically speaking the term describes a system governed by ideas of supreme sovereignty and extensive subjection or domination; socially speaking it relates practices of command and control. Culturally speaking, empire denotes complex communication among communities with various degrees of authority and power. Scholarly analysis often delineates historical trajectories. From a Eurocentric perspective the New World attracted competing communities of settlers, planters, and traders, rewarding both an unbridled sense of possibility and the ambition to emulate and yet outdo European models. In this ambiguous setting the idea as well as institutional offsprings of empire proliferated long after empire officially ended with the First World War. With the return of empire (and nation) as imaginaries for new forms of coercion and collaboration, future scholarship will need to trace the Atlantic and its history of entanglements well into the 21st century.

Lessons from the past: capital markets during the 19th century and the interwar period

1985 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Fishlow
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Federal Reserve ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The International Monetary Fund ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Sudden Collapse

On Friday, 13 August 1982, Finance Minster Jesus Silva Herzog of Mexico made a series of visits to the International Monetary Fund, the Federal Reserve, and the U.S. Treasury. His message to each was the same: Mexico could no longer continue to service its debt. Thus began a dramatic weekend of negotiations that marked the end of the preceding decade's buoyant expansion of developing country debt and the start of a still continuing response to the sudden collapse.

scholarly journals The Conflicts of Identity: Nationalism in Post-Yugoslavian Macedonia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Clark
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract This article looks at the challenges faced by Macedonia in creating a national identity since independence. After briefly reviewing the region’s history since the 7th century, the revolt for independence at the end of the 19th century, the interwar period when it was part of Serbia, and the Yugoslav era when Macedonia first attained a separate political existence, the article addresses the challenges the Slav Macedonians faced in creating an identity for the new state. Some of those challenges came from Serbia and Bulgaria, which claimed that the Macedonian Slavs were actually part of their respective nations, and from Greece, which objected to the symbols and the name they had adopted. The greatest resistance inside Macedonia to an exclusively Slavic national identity, however, came from the Albanian community, located mainly in the eastern reaches of the country and in Skopje. An unwillingness to share power or to make concessions by the Slav nationalists eventually resulted in armed insurrection by the Albanians in 2001. Though the Ohrid Accords signed the same year ended the fighting, tension between the two communities has continued on and off until the present, despite some examples of peaceful coexistence.

scholarly journals Challenges Related to Defi ning Irregular Immigration, Including the Way of Its Interpretation in EU Immigration Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-164
Author(s):  
Monika Trojanowska-Strzęboszewska
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Reflection ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the article is to show the challenges in scholarly attempts to conceptualize the phenomenon of irregular immigration. Although this type of migration has been of interest to scholars for several decades, it still requires in-depth analysis to better explain and understand its causes, scope, and consequences. The article attempts to clarify the nature of irregular immigration, indicating both the general ways of defi ning this phenomenon and the process of shaping it in socio-political reality since the end of the 19th century. The analysis reveals the internal diversity, dynamism, and ambiguity of this type of migration, which developed in parallel with the control instruments implemented by the states, aimed at enforcing increasingly complex immigration regulations conditioning the entry, stay and work of immigrants. The presented theoretical reflection on the complexity and the heterogeneity of irregular immigration is then confronted with the interpretation of this phenomenon in the EU immigration policy. Another important complement to these studies is to show the terminological challenges that have emerged in previous studies on irregular immigration. They are important both for the objectifi cation of theoretical investigations and for an empirical analysis of this social phenomenon.

scholarly journals Jewish public libraries in interwar Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-167
Author(s):  
Monika Biesaga
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Structure ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Orthodox Jews ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Interwar Poland ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article presents the genesis and the organizational structure of the Jewish public libraries (also referred to as secular or modern in the literature) in interwar Poland (1918-1939). The origins of these institutions date back to the 19th century and are associated with the Haskalah movement. Due to the strong opposition of the Orthodox Jews and local authorities, the majority of the first libraries were established secretly and run illegally on private premises. Against what were then the odds, progress prevailed and the libraries flourished in the interwar period. In 1937 it was estimated that there were approximately 1,000 Jewish public libraries in Poland.  

scholarly journals Natural healing methods as the basis for the development of preventative wellness programmes: Arnold Rikl's potential

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Boža Grafenauer ◽  
Lea Kužnik
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Natural Healing ◽  
Natural Way

This paper deals with the methods of natural healing that were practiced already in the 19th century by Swiss natural healer Arnold Rikli as a part of healing offer in Bled, Slovenia. The paper starts with the introduction of Rikli as a natural healer and his healing methods, based on hydrotherapy, heliotherapy, climate therapy and healthy diet. His healing methods were based on strengthening the immune system in a natural way. The paper takes an ethnographic approach based on in-depth analysis of the literature and online resources and fieldwork in Bled using the technique of partially structured interviews with the employees in tourist industry. The paper identifies the potential for the inclusion of Riklis natural healing methods in the modern tourist offer as the basis for creating Covid-adapted programmes and a source of survival for the existing wellness centres and other tourism providers in Bled.

„A work so truly English in its story and its music“. Arthur Sullivans Ivanhoe und die Suche nach einer englischen Nationaloper

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 457-484
Author(s):  
Arne Stollberg
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Musical Characteristics ◽  
National Opera ◽  
Opera House ◽  
Musical Renaissance ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
English Opera ◽  
Made In

In order to overcome the persistent cliché of a “land without music,” considerable efforts were made in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century to establish what is now labelled the English Musical Renaissance. One of the movement’s main concerns was to establish both institutionally and artistically a National Opera for the production of English works. In this context, the opening of a newly built opera house, the Royal English Opera, by the impresario Richard D’Oyly Carte in 1891 created a great stir. The Royal English Opera was inaugurated with Arthur Sullivan’s “Romantic Opera” Ivanhoe. Sullivan tried to give his score an especially English flavour without using folksongs or other overtly national musical characteristics. His composition can be seen as a synthesis of German, French and Italian influences, which intentionally mirrors the fusion of the Anglo-Saxon and Norman elements to form the English nation under King Richard the Lionheart as presented in the opera’s plot. Unfortunately the story of D’Oyly Carte’s enterprise was a short one and Sullivan’s opera quickly passed into oblivion.

scholarly journals Fertility in Rostock and Rural Mecklenburg-Schwerin in the 19th Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 11-39
Author(s):  
Siegfried Gruber ◽  
Rembrandt Scholz
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Marital Fertility ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

In this paper we first set out to evaluate how much the fertility between Rostock as an urban settlement differed from the surrounding rural area of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, in the 19th century. The available microdata allows for a more in-depth analysis compared to previous research based on aggregate data. The censuses of 1819, 1867, and 1900 provide data for using the Own-Children-Method. We analyse the urban-rural difference, the influence of occupational groups in the city of Rostock and its rural surroundings, and finally the influence of migration on fertility in the city of Rostock. Immigration from rural areas and other cities was the main reason for the population increase of Rostock in the 19th century and this could have affected its fertility levels. Overall fertility was higher for rural areas than for urban ones, while marital fertility was more or less the same. Marital fertility was almost the same for all occupational groups, even for the agricultural sector. Migration had no visible effect on marital fertility, which is both interesting and unexpected. The most important factor for the level of overall fertility was the proportion of married people, which was an outcome of the possibilities offered by different economic sectors and environments.

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