scholarly journals Klimaaktivisme som udenrigspolitik: Helt centralt, men hvorfor egentlig?

Politik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Wivel
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
State Identity ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
International Climate ◽  
The Cold War

Global environmental and climate concerns have been central to Danish foreign policy activism since the end of the Cold War. is article chronicles the development of Danish international climate activism and ex- plores how and why it became central to Danish foreign policy. e article discusses the role of globalization, institutionalization and Europeanization, and how these developments interact with Danish state identity thereby constructing an action space for political decision-makers in climate policy. 

Science Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century: Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200942110067
Author(s):  
Soenke Kunkel
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
The Cold War

Setting the stage for the special forum, this introduction points to the centrality of science diplomacy activities within many current foreign policy concepts around the world. It also points to the lack of historical perspective within many current academic debates about science diplomacy. Suggesting the value of such a perspective, the introduction then draws attention to a number of fruitful contributions that histories of science diplomacy may make to contemporary history. These include: a better understanding of how entanglements between science, foreign policy, and international relations evolved over the twentieth century; a refined understanding of the workings of foreign relations and diplomacy that sheds light on the role of science as an arena of foreign relations; new insights into the Cold War; a globalizing of perspectives in the writing of contemporary history; a new international focus on widely under-researched actors like universities, science movements, science organizations, and science academies; a focus on new themes that range from global environmental problems to issues like cultural heritage. The remainder of the introduction then delineates some of the shared assumptions and findings of the essays and then briefly introduces each contribution to the special section.

Peacemaking as an important part of Russian foreign policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
S. M. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
International Terrorism ◽  
Russian Foreign Policy ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article examines such an important aspect of Russian foreign policy as peacekeeping. Russia has been participating in many activities to maintain and strengthen peace in the post-Soviet space and in other regions of our planet. This activity is successfully carried out in the formats of the UN, CIS, CSTO, OSCE, other international organizations and on a bilateral basis. The author notes that the role of peacekeeping is growing immeasurably in the context of attempts to revive the atmosphere of the Cold War, the ongoing arms race in the world, the build-up of nuclear missile potentials of a number of countries, and the intensifi cation of the forces of international terrorism represented by radical Islamist groups.

Cross-Domain Deterrence in American Foreign Policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-49
Author(s):  
Michael Nacht ◽  
Patricia Schuster ◽  
Eva C. Uribe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Korean War ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Domain ◽  
The Korean War ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter assesses the role of cross-domain deterrence in recent American foreign policy. Cross-domain deterrence is not a new phenomenon, even if our consciousness of it may be. Prominent cases from the Cold War, such as the Korean War and the Cuban Missile Crisis, can be interpreted through the lens of cross-domain deterrence and fruitfully compared with more contemporary cases, such as the Stuxnet attack on Iran. These cases illustrate the variation across domains by the adversary and U.S. responses. Considered together, the United States generally responded to these crises by initially limiting itself to the domain where a crisis started and only later expanding into other domains. The United States has typically been cautious when shifting domains and has tried to escalate in ways that would not produce adversarial retaliation.

Theorizing the Change: A Neoclassical Realist Approach to Turkish Foreign Policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-500
Author(s):  
Mehmet Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The West ◽  
Turkish Foreign Policy ◽  
International Environment ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Realist Perspective

The Turkish foreign policy (TFP) after the Cold War had been based on traditional institutionalized values. In 2009, the governing party consolidated its power and additionally, the international environment provided more space for decision-makers. As a result, the government seeks to change foreign policy preferences in accordance with its agenda. This article examines this change from a neoclassical realist perspective and argues that due to lack of systemic pressure, Turkey can seek new alignments in the Middle East, rather than overlapping its interests with the West.

A Religious War? The Cold War and Religion

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Religious Dimension ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
East West ◽  
Key Questions ◽  
Religious War

Until recently, scholars of the Cold War had devoted little attention to the role of religion in the East-West standoff—its impact on events, institutions, and strategies. In recent years, however, this lacuna has begun to be filled by a burgeoning literature on different aspects of religion and the Cold War. The outpouring of scholarship has given a much more nuanced picture of how religion influenced U.S. foreign policy after 1945 both domestically and internationally. This article evaluates four recent books about the topic, distilling from them some of the key questions to be answered about the religious dimension of the Cold War.

scholarly journals Ideological Clichés and Myths as an Instrument of the U.S. Foreign Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
V I Yakunin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The U.S

The article deals with the analysis of the myths and ideological clichés as the fundamental elements of U.S. foreign policy. The author emphasizes the necessity to study the discourses formed by political elites around the main problems and directions of the state’s foreign policy. At the same time, in the article an attempt is made to integrate the achievements of Western and Russian political science related to ideological clichés and myths. Particular attention is paid to the role of myths and ideological clichés in the legitimization of the government’s foreign policy actions in the eyes of the electorate. The author shows the history of the formation of the basic myths and clichés of the U.S. foreign policy, their implementation during and after the Cold War. The article contains a detailed analysis of the concept of American exclusivity as well as the foreign policy guidelines that follow from it. In conclusion, the author shows how the world has adopted to such an approach for conducting foreign policy by the hegemonic state and what methods it uses to counteract it.

scholarly journals Tilkoblings- og afkoblingsstrategier i dansk udenrigspolitik: Udvikling og tendenser i de danske udenrigspolitiske doktriner

Politik ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Brun Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Cold War ◽  
International System ◽  
Strategic Culture ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Small State ◽  
State Identity ◽  
International Activism ◽  
The Cold War

This paper investigates the developments and changes in the Danish foreign policy doctrines from 1914-2014 in order to study the relative importance of two underlying ideologies that have guided the Danish strategic culture. It is argued that determinism and internationalism has traditionally constituted the Danish small state identity, which have led to an understanding of a dualistic strategic culture. e argument is that this dualism after the end of the Cold War has been replaced with a one stringed internationalism after the end of the cold war where the introduction of international activism and active internationalism can be seen as a broad ‘opting in’ strategy to the international system. 

Multilateral Diplomacy on Climate Change

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navroz K. Dubash ◽  
Lavanya Rajamani
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Common But Differentiated Responsibilities ◽  
International Climate ◽  
Multilateral Diplomacy ◽  
International Climate Negotiations

This chapter reviews India’s foreign policy on climate change, arguing that while it is marked by tactical virtuosity, it increasingly exhibits strategic vacuity. The chapter traces the evolution of India’s role in international climate negotiations, noting particularly India’s key role in highlighting equity and enshrining the concept of ‘common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities’ as a cornerstone of the negotiation process. The chapter then examines the turbulent phase from 2007 onwards, when India, along with other large developing country allies, experimented with new articulations of climate policy. This discussion explores the emergent drivers of Indian climate policy, including international pressures, shifting domestic political context, the emergence of ‘co-benefits’ as a framing concept, and the role of key personalities. The chapter concludes by suggesting that an exclusive emphasis on an equitable climate deal should transition to an approach that provides equal attention to equity and effectiveness in international climate outcomes.

scholarly journals Finland’s Neutrality as Part of Its National Identity

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Vezhlivtseva
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
World Order ◽  
Small State ◽  
East And West ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Cold War

The article examines Finland's case within the framework of current discussions on the relevance of neutrality policy. It is widely believed that Finland's neutrality arose during the cold war as a result of a pragmatic assessment of the general world order at that time. The military non-alignment is regarded from this perspective as a rational and necessary policy for a small state in the bipolar world. After the cold war some politicians and researches argued that under the new conditions the policy of military neutrality is not relevant anymore and that belonging to the Western community is the only choice. However, Finland's military non-alignment policy and reliance on self-defense have remained unchanged for almost three decades. Finnish authorities have consistently pursued this line with a strong support of the majority of population. The reasons for that cannot be explained only as a rational political choice of a small state in certain geopolitical realities, the issue is more complex. Some Finnish researchers consider neutrality as part of the Finnish national identity. Using this approach, the author examines the genesis and development of neutrality policy as part of its national identity, which evolved at the junction of East and West. The article examines the influence of Sweden and Russia on the development of Finland’s statehood and its foreign policy. Sweden determined the political structures and inculcated Finns with the Scandinavian identity. The role of Russia in the beginning of Finnish statehood was crucial. It formed the subsequent Eastern vector of Finland’s foreign policy. The symbiosis of Western (Swedish) and Eastern (Russian) vectors gives Finland additional advantages, allowing a small state to claim the role of a «bridge-builder» between East and West. The author concludes that this complex combination has created the prerequisites for neutrality expressed in the policy of military non-alignment. Neutrality as a part of Finnish national identity has deep historical roots. It was born together with the Finnish statehood and has been staying with it despite all the changes in international environment.

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