scholarly journals Prosjekteriets dilemma: Mellom avgrenset prosjekt og muligheter for læring i teleomsorg og velferdsinnovasjon

Author(s):  
Ingunn Moser ◽  
Hilde Thygesen

Hva er forutsetningene for vellykket teleomsorgsinnovasjon? Dette spørsmålet er et sentralt tema for denne artikkelen. Utgangspunktet er våre erfaringer med det vi opplever som et «snevert prosjekteri» innenfor dette feltet. I Norge i dag gjennomføres og igangsettes det et stort antall prosjekter som involverer ny teknologi, i form av velferdsteknologiske løsninger. Og felles for mange av disse prosjektene er at de forblir avgrensede og «interne», med et, i vår mening, for ensidig og snevert fokus på dokumentasjon av effekt i forhold til utprøving av enkeltteknologier. Resultatet er at det er liten utveksling av erfaringer, læring og utvikling både innad og på tvers av prosjektene. Som en konsekvens av dette er det få prosjekter som «overlever» fra prosjekt til ordinær drift. Dette utgjør en betydelig utfordring, slik vi ser det, for den varslede storsatsingen på velferdsteknologi i Norge de kommende årene.Artikkelen er basert på empiri fra en studie av telemonitorering av kolspasienter. Dette er et sykehusinitiert prosjekt, kalt «kols-kofferten», som på mange måter er et suksessprosjekt, ettersom det har «overlevd» i mer enn tre år, har ekspandert og har mange tilfredse brukere. Gjennom mobilisering av teoretiske og analytiske ressurser fra det tverrfaglige forskningsfeltet studier av vitenskap, teknologi og samfunn (STS), viser vi at denne «suksessen» henger sammen med at prosjektet, i alle fall til en viss grad, har evnet å åpne opp og innrette seg i den sammenhengen tjenesten inngår i. I artikkelen benytter vi oss av Madeleine Akrichs «skript-begrep» for å vise hvordan kols-kofferten i utgangspunktet definerte aktører, roller og oppgaver i prosjektet. Og videre, hvordan både aktører, roller og ansvar ble utfordret, reforhandlet og redefinert gjennom møtet med praksis.Prosjektets dilemma ligger i at teleomsorgsprosjekter ikke blir for snevert definert og avgrenset til utprøving av enkeltteknologier, men fokuserer bredere og mer fleksibelt på tjenesten og velferden som skal utvikles, og, som en del av dette, involverer ulike aktører og brukergrupper i dette utviklingsarbeidet.The dilemma of project organization: between well-defined projects and prospects of learning in telecare and welfare innovation:The aim of this article is twofold: one; to discuss the consequences of a limited project focus in development of telecare and welfare innovation, and the prospects of flexible and dynamic development and learning under such conditions, and, two; to contribute to the debate about the potential role of technologies in future health- and social care services, and about the necessary conditions for technologies to contribute to good care and strengthened welfare. For this we draw on empirical data from a study of the development and implementation of a hospital initiated home care service involving telemonitoring of COPD-patients. The study is based on ethnographic observation and interviewing. We use excerpts of empirical data and analytical resources from STS to develop an argument about the importance of focusing on in-service innovation and innovation as a longitudinal, multilinear and involving learning process. This is a demanding process conditioned by dialogue, involvement and negotiation as well as flexible and adjustable solutions.

Author(s):  
Susanna Nordin ◽  
Jodi Sturge ◽  
Maria Ayoub ◽  
Allyson Jones ◽  
Kevin McKee ◽  
...  

Information and communication technology (ICT) can potentially support older adults in making decisions and increase their involvement in decision-making processes. Although the range of technical products has expanded in various areas of society, knowledge is lacking on the influence that ICT has on older adults’ decision-making in everyday situations. Based on the literature, we aimed to provide an overview of the role of ICT in home-dwelling older adults’ decision-making in relation to health, and health and social care services. A scoping review of articles published between 2010 and 2020 was undertaken by searching five electronic databases. Finally, 12 articles using qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method designs were included. The articles were published in journals representing biology and medicine, nursing, informatics, and computer science. A majority of the articles were published in the last five years, and most articles came from European countries. The results are presented in three categories: (i) form and function of ICT for decision-making, (ii) perceived value and effect of ICT for decision-making, and (iii) factors influencing ICT use for decision-making. According to our findings, ICT for decision-making in relation to health, and health and social care services was more implicitly described than explicitly described, and we conclude that more research on this topic is needed. Future research should engage older adults and health professionals in developing technology based on their needs. Further, factors that influence older adults’ use of ICT should be evaluated to ensure that it is successfully integrated into their daily lives.


Author(s):  
D Attar-Zadeh ◽  
A Guirguis ◽  
CE Heading ◽  
S Shah ◽  
U Shah ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Abell ◽  
Jane Hughes ◽  
Siobhan Reilly ◽  
Kathryn Berzins ◽  
David Challis

Author(s):  
Sandra Torres

This chapter focuses on the literature on ethnicity/ race and ageing/ old age that brings attention to issues related to health and social care. Just as it was the case in the previous chapter, this chapter exposes the main trends observed as far as what characterises the literature in focus. Besides being research on the North American context and focusing on very few ethnic minorities, this chapter discusses the fact that this literature takes for granted that ethnicity and race matter for older people’s health and social care service utilisation but does not, in fact, answers why this is the case. In addition, this chapter problematizes the fact that by focusing almost exclusively on older ethnic minorities’ experiences, the literature fails to bring attention to the views of those whose practices are important to the issues being discussed (i.e. health and social care staff). Noted is also that few of the studies reviewed take into account the attitudinal and/or behavioural patterns that are implicitly conveyed to pose a challenge to older ethnic minorities’ access and usage of health and social care services. Thus, by bringing attention to the areas that have received attention (i.e. access and usage/ attitudes, preferences and experiences/ the suitability of different programs, interventions and services and self-care practices), this chapter identifies the array of areas that remain unexplored.


2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Vesna Leskošek ◽  
Miha Lučovnik ◽  
Lucija Pavše ◽  
Tanja Premru Sršen ◽  
Megie Krajnc ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction The aim of the survey was to assess the differences in disclosure by the type of violence to better plan the role of health services in identifying and disclosing violence. Methods A validated, anonymous screening questionnaire (NorAQ) for the identification of female victims of violence was offered to all postpartum women at a single maternity unit over a three-month period in 2014. Response rate was 80% (1018 respondents). Chi square test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05 significant). Results There are differences in disclosure by type of violence. Nearly half (41.5%) of violence by health care services was not reported, compared to 33.7% physical, 23.4% psychological, and 32.5% sexual that was reported. The percentage of violence in intimate partnership reported to health care staff is low (9.3% to 20.8%), but almost half of the violence experienced by heath care services (44%) is reported. Intimate partnership violence is more often reported to the physician than to the psychologist or social worker. Violence in health care service is reported also to nurses. Conclusions Disclosure enables various institutions to start with the procedures aimed at protecting victims against violence. Health workers should continuously encourage women to speak about violence rather than asking about it only once. It is also important that such inquiries are made on different levels of health care system and by different health care professions, since there are differences to whom women are willing to disclose violence.


2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
Jane Randall-Smith ◽  
Catherine Pritchard

Signifcant changes were brought about in health and social care in England in 2013, as a result of the Health and Social Care Act 2012. As part of the changes in 2013, a network of local Healthwatch organisations was set up to act as the people’s champion for health and social care in their local area. Healthwatch Shropshire is one of these local Healthwatch. It gathers experiences and opinions from patients, carers, service users and the wider public about publicly funded health and social care services and uses this information to infuence health and social care service delivery. Healthwatch Shropshire also recruits and trains volunteers to support its work, in particular, specially trained volunteers visit locations where health and social care services are provided and report on their fndings. Healthwatch Shropshire also has information and signposting services, provides volunteering opportunities, and has a statutory authority to visit locations where health and social care services are being delivered.Keywords: patient participation, consumer participation, public opinion


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggara Dwi Sulistiyanto ◽  
Oktia Woro Kasmini Handayani ◽  
Eunike R Rustiana

Abstrak    Pelayanan gizi rumah sakit merupakan bagian yang sangat vital dari sistem pelayanan paripurna terhadap pasien di rumah sakit.Pelayanan gizi diberikan agar pasien mencapai kondisi yang optimal dalam memenuhi kebutuhan giziataupun mengoreksi kelainan metabolisme. Penelitian ini mengenai bagaimana peran petugas gizi dalam memberikan pelayanan asuhan gizi kepada pasien rawat inap di RSUD dr. R. Soetrasno Kabupaten Rembang. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang mendekripsikan objek dengan mengamati, melakukan wawancara serta mencatat bagaimana petugas gizi memberikan pelayanan asuhan gizi. Data sampel diambil secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah responden 7 orang. Petugas gizi sudah melaksanakan dengan baik sesuai dengan perannya yaitu melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi pasien terhadap dampak asuhan giziserta melaporkan hasil asuhan gizi kepada dokter atau tenaga kesehatan lain. Perlu pembentukan tim terapi gizi tersandart dengan melibatkan tenaga kesehatan lain agar pelayanan gizi rumah sakit lebih optimal.     Abstract The hospital nutrition care service is a vital part of the plenary service system to the patients in the hospital. Nutrition care services given to patients in order to achieve optimal conditions in fulfillment of nutritional needs or correcting metabolic abnormalities.This study was conducted to answer whether the role of nutritionists in providing nutrition care services to inpatients in dr. R. Soetrasno hospital, is in accordance with hospital nutrition care service or not.This study was an observational study using qualitative approach, that described object by observing, interviewing and making notes about how is the role of nutritionists. Data was taken using purposive sampling with 7 respondances.Nutritionists already performed their duties properly by doing evaluation to the inpatients and report the results of nutrition care services to the doctor or other health professionals. Hospitals need to create a qualified nutritional therapy team, involving other health professionals.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amatruda ◽  
Ippolito ◽  
Vizzuso ◽  
Vizzari ◽  
Banderali ◽  
...  

Childhood obesity represents an important public health issue worldwide and is strongly linked to metabolic alterations such as hypertension, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. The constellation of these conditions is commonly known as Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Metabolic syndrome is not just a simple cluster of metabolic complications due to excess of adipose tissue, but is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Evidence from several human and animal studies suggests that environmental and nutritional exposure during pregnancy may affect the newborn development and future health through epigenetic changes, playing a potential role in determining obesity and obesity-related complications. Understanding how nutritional epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the “transgenerational risk” for obesity and metabolic dysfunction is crucial in order to develop early prevention strategies for children’s health. Nutrigenetics is the science that studies the role of nutrients in gene expression. Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) are known for their health benefits, especially in relation to their ability to modulate inflammation and improve some obesity-associated comorbidities, mainly by decreasing plasma triglycerides. Recent nutrigenetic research is focusing on the potential role of LCPUFAs in influencing epigenetic markers. In this review, we present the most recent updates about the possible interaction between n-3 LCPUFAs and epigenetic pathways in metabolic syndrome. Literature from MEDLINE® and the Cochrane database between May 2005 and December 2018 has been scanned.


Author(s):  
Roger Beech

Key points• The ageing of the population will increase patient demands for acute hospital beds, a scarce and expensive resource.• Health and social care service options delivered ‘closer to home’ can improve patient care and reduce older people’s demands for acute hospital beds by preventing acute events and providing an alternative.• The growth of such service options has created a more complex health and social care landscape.• Therefore, to improve the patient experience and to ensure their timely access to appropriate care, innovations for improving the integration of services for health and social care need to be developed and evaluated.• Further increasing the evidence base about care closer-to-home service options and ways of improving their integration represents a shared agenda for service commissioners, providers, and academics.


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