scholarly journals Translations as Shapers of Image: Don Carlos Darwin and his Voyage into Spanish on H.M.S. Beagle

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Paoletti
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
South American ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
The World ◽  
Don Carlos

Abstract When we think about Charles Darwin, we usually associate him with his theory of evolution and his masterpiece, The Origin of Species. There is a lesser known, younger Darwin who, at 22 years of age, travelled around the world and poured his insightful observations in a very popular travel account, The Voyage of the Beagle. A considerable part of Darwin’s journal was dedicated to South America and, interestingly, it was in the Spanish-speaking regions he visited that he was called “Don Carlos.” This article presents an analysis that will revolve around three translations of The Voyage of the Beagle into Spanish. Their different translation projects will be described case by case and will be finally studied either from a “seer” or a “seen” point of view, which will be closely related to the place of publication and the content included in each translation. We will see the Spanish publishers taking a “seer,” a visitor approach while the South American publishers lean to the “seen,” the visited side and adapt the content of Darwin’s account as a young fledgling scientist accordingly. The different approaches adopted by each of these projects emphasize different traits of Darwin’s image and contribute to its construction in the Spanish-speaking world.

scholarly journals ¿Viaje desde el encantamiento hasta el desencantamiento? Un estudio sobre las descripciones de la naturaleza de Darwin desde el Journal hasta el Origin

Daímon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 71-87
Author(s):  
Bárbara Jiménez Pazos
Keyword(s):  
Software Package ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
The World

Teniendo en cuenta la cuestión en disputa sobre el encantamiento o el desencantamiento del mundo causado por la ciencia moderna, este artículo examina comparativamente la semántica del léxico en Journal of Researches y The Origin of Species de Charles Darwin utilizando estrategias de minería de textos. El objetivo es mostrar que existe un camino semántico directo, comenzando en Journal y culminando en Origin, que confirma una tendencia hacia un tipo de lenguaje desencantado empleado por Darwin en sus descripciones de la naturaleza. Esto queda demostrado por el análisis léxico y semántico de ambos textos. Taking into accountthe disputed question about enchantment or disenchantment of the world caused by modern science, this paper comparatively examines the semantics of the lexicon of Charles Darwin’s Journal of Researches and The Origin of Species using the software package Wordsmith Tools. Its aim is to show that there is a direct semantic path, starting with the Journaland culminating in the Origin, which confirms a tendency towards a gradually disenchanting, in a non-pejorative sense, type of language used by Darwin in his descriptions of nature. This is demonstrated by the lexical and semantic analysis of the texts.

scholarly journals Brucellosis and tuberculosis in cattle in South America

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. e141139
Author(s):  
José Soares Ferreira Neto
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Review Article ◽  
South American ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Meat Market ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

In general, European and North American countries, as well as Australia and New Zealand, have already eradicated or reached good levels of control of brucellosis and tuberculosis in cattle. In the rest of the world, however, the epidemiological situation of these two diseases is frequently poorly understood. In this review article, quantified data on these diseases in the South American countries are presented. Initially, the aspects that led the continent to host 25% of the world cattle population are presented, in addition to the aspects that placed the continent at a prominent position in the international meat market. Subsequently the continent was divided into three country groups, considering the size of the cattle population and how well the epidemiological situation of brucellosis and tuberculosis in cattle is quantified. It is argued that countries that do not generate high-quality quantitative epidemiological data on these diseases have serious limitations in outlining and managing control or eradication strategies. Thus, for successful outcomes, at least methodologies to estimate the prevalence of infected herds should be employed.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Whiteflies and Associated Viruses in South America: Research Progress and Perspectives

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 847
Author(s):  
Renate Krause-Sakate ◽  
Luís Fernando Maranho Watanabe ◽  
Eduardo Silva Gorayeb ◽  
Felipe Barreto da Silva ◽  
Daniel de Lima Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
South American ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The World

By having an extensive territory and suitable climate conditions, South America is one of the most important agricultural regions in the world, providing different kinds of vegetable products to different regions of the world. However, such favorable conditions for plant production also allow the development of several pests, increasing production costs. Among them, whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) stand out for their potential for infesting several crops and for being resistant to insecticides, having high rates of reproduction and dispersal, besides their efficient activity as virus vectors. Currently, the most important species occurring in South America are Bemisia afer, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, and the cryptic species Middle East-Asia Minor 1, Mediterranean, and New World, from Bemisia tabaci complex. In this review, a series of studies performed in South America were compiled in an attempt to unify the advances that have been developed in whitefly management in this continent. At first, a background of the current whitefly distribution in South American countries as well as factors affecting them are shown, followed by a background of the whitefly transmitted viruses in South America, addressing their location and association with whiteflies in each country. Afterwards, a series of management strategies are proposed to be implemented in South American fields, including cultural practices and biological and chemical control, finalizing with a section containing future perspectives and directions for further research.

Drug Addiction And Trafficking In Paraguay: An Approach To The Problem During The Transition

1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-200
Author(s):  
José Luis Simón G.
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Drug Trade ◽  
South American ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Lost Decade ◽  
Drug Traffic

Paraguay and its closest neighbors, the Rio Plata Basin from one point of view or the Southern Cone from another, have experienced an increasing challenge from the drug traffic in recent years. Initially, everything linked to drug use and traffic was considered—in general, much oversimplified terms — mainly as the social problem of a rich society, primarily that of the United States. The South American countries, preoccupied with surviving the blows of the “lost decade” while trying, simultaneously, both to throw off authoritarian regimes in terminal crisis and to negotiate transitions from democracy, assumed this problem could not affect them. In any event, that aspect of the drug trade which concerned the countries of South America above all was the growing tragedy of Colombia, which was just beginning to make headlines in the world press.

Darwin's Early Notes on Coral Reef Formation

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Burkhardt
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
South America ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
South American ◽  
American Continent ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
South American Continent ◽  
Reef Formation ◽  
Water Coral

Darwin's letters and some rough notes found in his field notebooks of 1835 confirm the statement in his Autobiography that he had formulated his theory of coral reef formation before the Beagle left South America and before he had seen a coral reef. His geological observations having convinced him of the elevation of the South American continent, Darwin predicted that evidence of a compensatory gradual subsidence of the Pacific Ocean floor would be found in the existence of shallow-water coral genera in the Pacific reef formations. The first draft of the theory was written on board the Beagle shortly after seeing the reefs of Moorea in November 1835. After visiting the Cocos (Keeling) Islands he wrote a summary of his view in a letter of April 1838, in which he expressed his conviction that he had found an explanation which would "put some of the facts in a more simple and connected point of view, than that in which they have hitherto been considered".

scholarly journals A genetic perspective on human origins

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Matthew Williams ◽  
João Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Information ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Origins ◽  
Theory Of Evolution ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Scientific Fields

Who are we? Where did we come from? Why are we here? These fundamental questions have been widespread throughout human history, shared across different cultures from distant epochs and geographical locations. The search has been as much a philosophical as an empirical one, capturing the imagination of the philosopher, the theologian, the artist and the scientist alike. Hence, the quest for unveiling our origins is probably as old as humanity itself. From a scientific point of view, which we address in the present article, the question of human origins became deeply intertwined with Charles Darwin's theory of evolution in the late 19th century. This led to the development of scientific fields such as palaeoanthropology, which analyses fossil remains, stone tools and cultural artefacts to piece together our past. Recently, however, the possibility to assess genetic information from thousands of individuals across the world and, more importantly, to obtain DNA from specimens that lived thousands of years in the past (so-called ancient DNA [aDNA] analyses) is rapidly transforming long-held beliefs about our origins. As such, we have never been in a better position to ask what do our genomes have to tell us about where we came from. Ultimately, however, can they tell us who we are?

First record and a new species of Megarthrus Curtis (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Proteininae) from the Colombian Central Andes

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2916 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
MARGARITA M. LÓPEZ-GARCÍA ◽  
DIANA M. Méndez-Rojas ◽  
JOSÉ LUÍS NAVARRETE-HEREDIA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
First Record ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
The World ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
A New Species

The genus Megarthrus Curtis 1829 with about 139 species described around the world, is the largest of the subfamily Proteininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) (Cuccodoro 2011). Megarthrus is distributed worldwide (Cuccodoro 1999) but it is apparently more diverse in the Holartic region (Navarrete-Heredia et al. 2002). However, the South American fauna is underestimated because many of the collected specimens are not yet described (Cuccodoro 2011). Newton et al. (2005) cited the genus as probable in Colombia because some species are known from Central America and northern South America, but until now, no species has been published from Colombia. Therefore, M. andinus sp. nov. represents the first record of the genus and subfamily for this country.

Charles Darwin, the Gourmet Traveler

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
diana noyce
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Western World ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

In 2009 the world celebrated the 150th anniversary of the publication of Charles Darwin's seminal work, the Origin of Species. While much was made of his evolutionary thinking, there was more to Darwin than merely challenging the way the Western World thought about the natural world. Gregarious by nature, Darwin also enjoyed the pleasures of the table. From his Glutton Club days at Cambridge University and throughout the voyage of the Beagle, Darwin not only collected specimens to develop his understanding of the natural world but he also ate them. He was never more satisfied than digesting species unknown to the human palate, at least the English palate. Darwin relished the culinary delights that different lands offered and approached the discovery of a new dish, and of the way it was cooked, with the same sense of curiosity and adventure he brought to collecting specimens.

From Charles Darwin's Portfolio: An Early Essay on South American Geology and Species

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Herbert
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
South American ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Essay ◽  
Narrative Framework

This work is an analysis and edition of a previously unpublished essay by Charles Darwin entitled "Reflection on reading my Geological notes." The original draft of the essay appears to have been written in 1834, that is, during Darwin's voyage on H.M.S. Beagle (1831-1836). In the essay Darwin developed a theory of the geological formation of South America that included a narrative framework for the history of life on the continent. His treatment of the history of life is not yet transmutationist, but it is highly sequential.

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