scholarly journals Le sexisme en archéologie, ça n’existe pas

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-242
Author(s):  
Laura Mary ◽  
Béline Pasquini ◽  
Ségolène Vandevelde
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Physical Abilities

Archaeologists are confronted with many ethical issues in their daily practice; these questions also concern their practices and their behaviour towards their peers. The highlighting of gender discrimination, sometimes combined with other elements such as ethnicity, sexual orientation, social origin, physical abilities or religious beliefs, should thus be a fundamental element in reflections on professional ethics in archaeology. The “Archaeo-Sexism” exhibition presented here, a joint initiative of the Archaeo-Ethics Association and Paye Ta Truelle, is an example of such reflection.

scholarly journals Iranian Physiotherapists’ Perceptions of the Ethical Issues in Everyday Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Niloofar Souri ◽  
◽  
Afsun Nodehi Moghadam ◽  
Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahbolaghi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Considering the significant role of physiotherapists in the process of rehabilitation, their ethical commitment is essential to successful interaction and care provision. However, investigations on the medical professional ethics ​​in Iran are limited. Generally, research in this regard is rare in Asia. Thus, such studies could improve the moral knowledge of the Iranian physiotherapy community. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore professional ethics issues in physiotherapy to provide a platform concerning the challenges of professional ethics in physiotherapy in Iran. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2016-2017 using the content analysis method. The study samples were recruited through purposive sampling approach until data saturation (12 physiotherapists). The required data were gathered by an in-depth semi-structured interview. All of the interviews were transcribed and analyzed, inductively. Results: Physiotherapists in Ahvaz and Tehran cities, Iran experienced challenges in 6 different categories during daily practice. These aspects included the following: therapists’ self-interest-craving, observing patients’ rights, maintaining professional competence, the effect of workplace on ethical conduct, personal ethical outlook, and insufficient professional ethics education. This study implicated the existence of a trend of kick-backs in the physiotherapy community; a problematic trend in the medical community, i.e. addressed by physicians in several articles. Additionally, the lack of receiving ethical education leads to ethical judgments based on personal values rather than ethical codes. According to the current research findings, it To increase the visibility of the article as well as to increase the citation of your article, we suggest that Latin keywords be based on the MeSH list. See: https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/search was problematic for practitioners.  Discussion: Three subcategories of the incompetence of the healthcare system, the lack of supervision on ethical principles, and the impact of poor insurance system on patient admission are related to the endemic conditions of the health system of the country. These issues require serious interventions from executive powers.

Diversity, Liberty, and Virtue in Islam

2021 ◽  
pp. 217-238
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Professional Values ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Inclusive Concept ◽  
Physical Abilities

Islamic teachings state that diversity is intended to encourage people to learn and understand each other rather than disharmony. It requires one to look at the mindset and the culture of an organisation and the different perspectives people bring to an organisation on account of their ethnicity, social background, professional values, styles, disabilities, or other differences. Diversity is ‘otherness' or those human qualities that are different from our own and outside the groups to which we belong yet are present in other individuals and groups. Age, ethnicity, gender, physical abilities, race, and sexual orientation are considered primary dimensions, while education, place of residence, class, marital status, religious beliefs, occupational status, and life experiences are secondary dimensions of diversity. This chapter aims to analyse and discuss diversity management as an inclusive concept, encompassing a broader focus than employment equity.

‘Who Ya Gonna Call …?’ Ethical and legal dilemmas in specialist children centres and district general hospitals

2021 ◽  
pp. 147775092110366
Author(s):  
Harika Avula ◽  
Mariana Dittborn ◽  
Joe Brierley
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
General Setting ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Ethics Support ◽  
The Uk

The field of Paediatric Bioethics, or ethical issues applied to children's healthcare, is relatively new but has recently gained an increased professional and public profile. Clinical ethics support to health professionals and patients who face ethical challenges in clinical practice varies between and within institutions. Literature regarding services available to paediatricians is sparse in specialist tertiary centres and almost absent in general paediatrics. We performed a mixed-methods study using online surveys and focus groups to explore the experiences of ethical and legal dilemmas and the support structures available to (i) paediatric intensive care teams as a proxy for specialist children's centres and (ii) paediatricians working in the general setting in the UK. Our main findings illustrate the broad range of ethical and legal challenges experienced by both groups in daily practice. Ethics training and the availability of ethics support were variable in structure, processes, funding and availability, e.g., 70% of paediatric intensive care consultants reported access to formal ethics advice versus 20% general paediatricians. Overall, our findings suggest a need for ethics support and training in both settings. The broad experience reported of ethics support, where it existed, was good – though improvements were suggested. Many clinicians were concerned about their relationship with children and families experiencing a challenging ethical situation, partly as a result of high-profile recent legal cases in the media. Further research in this area would help collect a broader range of views to inform clinical ethics support's development to better support paediatric teams, children and their families.

scholarly journals Optimistic Fiction as a Tool for Ethical Reflection in STEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Strong Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Stem Education ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Ethics Guidelines

AbstractGreater emphasis on ethical issues is needed in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. The fiction for specific purposes (FSP) approach, using optimistic science fiction texts, offers a way to focus on ethical reflection that capitalizes on role models rather than negative examples. This article discusses the benefits of using FSP in STEM education more broadly, and then explains how using optimistic fictions in particular encourages students to think in ethically constructive ways. Using examples of science fiction texts with hopeful perspectives, example discussion questions are given to model how to help keep students focused on the ethical issues in a text. Sample writing prompts to elicit ethical reflection are also provided as models of how to guide students to contemplate and analyze ethical issues that are important in their field of study. The article concludes that the use of optimistic fictions, framed through the lens of professional ethics guidelines and reinforced through ethical reflection, can help students to have beneficial ethical models.

Learning Ethics the Hard Way: Facing the Ethics Committee

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brad Johnson ◽  
Rioh'det Corser
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Student Evaluation ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Evaluation Data ◽  
Ethical Violations ◽  
Active Feedback ◽  
Formal Complaint ◽  
Teaching Professional

This article describes an approach to enhancing the value of case study material in teaching professional ethics in psychology. The mock committee approach involves a series of hearings convened fry students who rotate membership on a class ethics committee. Members of the class participate randomly as psychologists accused of various ethical violations. While the class observes, formal complaint hearings occur that result in official rulings and the setting of appropriate penalties and remedial requirements. The larger class then joins in active feedback and exchange with the committee to highlight and discuss salient ethical issues. We present and discuss student evaluation data for this technique and comment on the potential advantages of this teaching approach.

Ethics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan C. Tjeltveit
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Psychological Services ◽  
Moral Ideal ◽  
States Of Affairs ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Disciplinary Expertise ◽  
The Many ◽  
Psychological Inquiry ◽  
Ethics And Psychology

How has ethics been connected with the science and profession of psychology? Has ethics been essential to psychology? Or have psychologists increasingly developed objective psychological understandings free of ethical biases? Is ethics in psychology limited to research ethics and professional ethics? Understanding the various connections among ethics and psychology requires conceptual clarity about the many meanings of ethics and related terms (such as moral, ideal, and flourishing). Ethics has included, but goes beyond, research and professional ethics, since ideas about what is good or bad, right or wrong, obligatory or virtuous have shaped psychological inquiry. In moral psychology, psychologists have sought to understand the psychology of ethical dimensions of persons, such as prejudice or altruism. Some psychologists have worked to minimize ethical issues in psychology in general, but others embraced psychologies tied to ethical visions, like advancing social justice. Many ethical issues (beyond professional ethics) have also been entangled in professional practice, including understanding the problems (“not good” states of affairs) for which clients seek help and the (“good”) goals toward which psychologists helped people move. Cutting across the various ways ethics and psychology have been interconnected is an enduring tension: Although psychologists have claimed expertise in the science of psychology and in the provision of psychological services, they have had no disciplinary expertise that equips them to determine what is good, right, obligatory, and virtuous despite the fact that ethical issues have often been deeply intertwined with psychology.

Article 21 CFR

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Martin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
National Minority ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Genetic Features

Any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race, colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language, religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or sexual orientation shall be prohibited.

Ethical Issues in Information Technology

2008 ◽  
pp. 473-480
Author(s):  
Robert A. Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Value Of It ◽  
Technology Focus

Most discussions of ethics and information technology focus on issues of professional ethics and issues of privacy and security.1 Certainly these are important issues, But so are issues such as the offshoring of Information Technology (IT) jobs or the value of IT as a whole. But are they ethical issues, business issues, or economic issues?

An investigation into ethical issues in occupational therapists in adult with physical disabilities: Using the qualitative approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 147775092097179
Author(s):  
Hassan Vahidi ◽  
Narges Shafaroodi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Physical Dysfunction ◽  
Unethical Practice

Background Occupational therapists may be encountered with a variety of ethical issues. The aim of this study was to explore ethical issues of Occupational therapist’s practice in adult physical dysfunction field. Methods Ten graduated Occupational therapists were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were gathered by semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed by content analysis approach. Results Data analysis ultimately leads to the emergence of three themes which reflects Ethical issues in Occupational Therapy. These themes include: unethical practice of Occupational therapists, factors influencing ethical practice and Strategies to improving ethical practice. Conclusion The findings show that occupational therapists have various ethical problems related to client’s rights in addition to their clinical practice, that according to the participants in this study, lack of awareness about professional ethics related to the occupational therapy and also lack of comprehensive monitoring rules in this field are the major causes of unethical practice.

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