‘The statutory woman whose main task was to explore what women … were likely to think’: Margaret Thatcher and women’s politics in the 1950s and 1960s

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Cowman
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Margaret Thatcher ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Women's Politics

After Margaret Thatcher's death much was made of her opposition to feminism, most of it self-expressed.  Nevertheless, particularly in her early years in politics, Thatcher was less keen to distance herself from all women's causes or groups.  This chapter explores some instances where she worked in tandem with other women in support of causes that many would see as feminist or woman-centred despite her later stance on such issues.

scholarly journals Anat Helman, Israeli National Ideals and Everyday Life in the 1950s. Waltham: Brandeis University Press, 2014. 312 pp.

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Israeli Society ◽  
Weak Component ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The 1950S

This chapter reviews the book Becoming Israeli: National Ideals and Everyday Life in the 1950s (2014), by Anat Helman. Becoming Israeli deals with those aspects of Israeli society and culture that make Israel distinct from other countries. The book explores how the Israeli society emerged, mainly on its own terms, and tackles the fundamental question of “what it means to be Israeli,” along with the extent to which the characteristics comprising Israeliness emerged in the early years of statehood. Among the book’s strengths is Helman’s choice of foci: the power of her study derives from its locating spheres and behavioral acts that are extremely important but frequently overlooked (kibbutz dining halls, for example). A weak component of the book is its discussion of the subject of humor.

scholarly journals Platform and prophecy: the rise and fall of Rabbi Stuart E. Rosenberg as foreshadowed in his early Toronto sermons on leadership

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brown
Keyword(s):  
Chief Executive ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Religious Institution ◽  
Conservative Movement ◽  
Half Century ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Early Success ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
As If

Stuart Rosenberg, who served from 1956 to 1976 as rabbi of Beth Tzedec Synagogue in Toronto, enjoyed a meteoric rise and suffered as precipitate a fall. A charismatic speaker with a powerful personality, Rosenberg presided over Beth Tzedec as if he were the chief executive of a corporation. The activities he initiated in the synagogue and his high profile in the Jewish and general communities put Beth Tzedec “on the map,” making it, for a time at least, Canada’s premier Jewish religious institution. During his early years at Beth Tzedec, Rabbi Rosenberg published two books of sermons: Man Is Free: Sermons and Addresses and A Time to Speak: Of Man, Faith and Society. Both were widely distributed to colleagues and congregants. His only collections of sermons can be viewed as his written testament. Read from the perspective of a half-century later, the sermons are clearly documents of their time and place. They reflect the well-known, mostly sociological literature on religion, Toronto, and the Conservative Movement written during the 1950s and earlier, as well as the history and mood of the congregation itself. Read in the light of Rabbi Rosenberg’s rise and fall at Beth Tzedec, these sermons appear to be both his platform for early success and a prophecy of his sudden downfall.

scholarly journals 'Can Mummy Come Too?' Rhetoric and Realities of 'Family-Centred Care' in One New Zealand Hospital, 1960-1990.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kim Therese Chenery
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Separation Thesis ◽  
Society Application ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Difference

<p>The development of ‘family-centred care’ began in the United Kingdom during the 1950s and 1960s in response to ‘expert’ concern for the child as an ‘emotional’ being. John Bowlby’s maternal deprivation thesis suggested that constant maternal attention in the early years of life would ensure emotionally healthy future members of society. Application of this theory to the hospital children’s ward indicated that young children should not be without their mothers for long periods of time. This theory and the subsequent release of the Platt Report in the United Kingdom in 1959 provided the necessary ‘scientific’ justification allowing mothers greater access to the historically restrictive hospital children’s wards. Influenced by trends in the United Kingdom the tenets of the separation thesis were reflected in New Zealand government policy towards child care and the care of the hospitalised child. However, the wider societal context in which these changes were to be accepted in New Zealand hospital children’s wards has not been examined. This study explores the development of ‘family-centred care’ in New Zealand as part of an international movement advanced by ‘experts’ in the 1950s concerned with the psychological effects of mother-child separation. It positions the development of ‘family-centred care’ within the broader context of ideas and beliefs about mothering and children that emerged in New Zealand society between 1960 and 1980 as a response to these new concerns for children’s emotional health. It examines New Zealand nursing, medical and related literature between 1960 and 1990 and considers both professional and public response to these concerns. The experiences of some mothers and nurses caring for children in one New Zealand hospital between 1960 and 1990 illustrate the significance of these responses in the context of one hospital children’s ward and the subsequent implications for the practice of ‘family-centred care’. This study demonstrates the difference between the professional rhetoric and the parental reality of ‘family-centred care’ in the context of one hospital children’s ward between 1960 and 1990. The practice of ‘family-centred care’ placed mothers and nurses in contradictory positions within the ward environment. These contradictory positions were historically enduring, although they varied in their enactment.</p>

scholarly journals The Problem of Personality on Soviet Television, 1950s-1960s

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Huxtable
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Television Shows ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Source Materials

This article analyses the role of the television personality on Soviet television in its early years in the 1950s and 1960s. Using primary source materials from Russian archives, articles from the professional press, and analysis of a number of television shows, the article argues that television’s appearance in Soviet everyday life brought about a key change in the form of mass communication from a Stalinist model that focused on the pre-prepared and based on written Russian to a more spontaneous model that was closer to everyday speech forms. Analysing the role of continuity announcers, programme hosts, and ordinary individuals on Soviet television, the article suggests that while early television professionals held high hopes for the possibility of television to democratise the post-Stalin Soviet Union, these hopes were in fact riven with contradictions.

13. A Special Case

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Dinan
Keyword(s):  
European Economic Community ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Margaret Thatcher ◽  
Winston Churchill ◽  
Single European Act ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Special Case ◽  
The Eu

This chapter examines the United Kingdom's troubled relationship with the movement for European integration and with the European Union more generally. Citing speeches made by leading British politicians over the last seventy years, including Winston Churchill, Harold Macmillan, Margaret Thatcher, and David Cameron, the chapter outlines four distinct stages of British association with the EU: a period of detachment in the early years; involvement in a lengthy accession process and renegotiation of membership terms; engagement in effort to reform the budget and launch the single market programme; and growing disillusionment as the EU strengthened along supranational lines and extended its policy remit, notably by embracing the economic and monetary union (EMU). These periods cover a range of important developments, such as the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the European Economic Community (EEC), the EMU, and the Single European Act.

The Case of Youth Exchanges and Interactions Between the PRC and Italy in the 1950s

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
SOFIA GRAZIANI
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Relations ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Youth Organizations ◽  
Chinese Youth ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
The People ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Cold War

AbstractSoon after the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC), youth exchanges came to be a major part of the Chinese campaign to reach out and influence the people of other nations. Despite the growing scholarly discussion regarding the role of people-to-people diplomacy and external propaganda in China's foreign policy, so far no direct attention has been paid to the Chinese Communist Party's efforts to institutionalize youth exchanges and use them as a tool to promote the new Chinese government's foreign relations. This article locates the position of young people within the PRC's people-to-people diplomacy. It attempts to explore youth exchanges with the West in the early years of the Cold War by focusing on relations between Italian and Chinese youth groups in the 1950s. Relying mainly on unexplored archival material and memoirs, this article documents contacts and exchanges between adult-led youth organizations and their members, and shows how Italian left-wing party-affiliated youth groups and Soviet-dominated transnational organizations provided important channels for Sino-Italian encounters and for building long-lasting contacts among potential future leaders of these countries.

Postscript

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-220
Author(s):  
Ariel Mae Lambe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Cuban Revolution ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Fidel Castro ◽  
The 1950S

Taking a longer-term view, the postscript examines the legacy of antifascism and the Spanish Civil War in Cuban politics and historical memory during the early years of the Cuban Revolution that triumphed in 1959. The postscript returns to Teté Casuso during the struggle of the 1950s, when she helped Fidel Castro, and afterward, when she broke with the Revolution and left once again for exile in the United States. It addresses selective memory and forgetting of Cuban antifascists such as Casuso in revolutionary Cuba’s official accounts of antifascism and the Generation of the Thirties. Also, it connects Cuban antifascism to the present by discussing the Antifa movement across time and space.

scholarly journals Land Reform and the Principle of Legal Certainty: The Practice of the Supreme Court of Estonia in 1918–1933

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Karin Visnapuu
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Important Principle ◽  
Democratic State

In the early years of the 20th century, the land-ownership and societal structure in many Eastern and some Central European countries displayed remnants of feudalism. Land distribution was dominated by large estates (manors) owned by feudal lords. Since this relic from the age of serfdom was not in line with modern values at all, land reforms were carried out in these countries after World War I. Estonia was no exception: once it gained its independence on 24 February 1918, the main task was to build a modern democratic state that was in accordance with the principle of rule of law. However, the process of land reform itself became a legal challenge to this principle. Today, legal certainty is an important part of the principle of rule of law. Even though legal certainty was not written expressis verbis in contemporary legal acts, it was still considered to be an important principle and it was necessary to follow it. The sterling basis of the land reform was considered to be the Land Law act but the act itself had many drawbacks, which were not resolved even with the respective implementation acts. For this reason, the main task of the Estonian courts became interpretation of the legal norms and forming of the substance of Estonian land reform with their practice. The paper describes how precisely land reform became a challenge to the principle of rule of law in the example of legal certainty, identifies the main problems found in the legislation of Estonian land reform, and articulates how the Estonian Supreme Court solved thus problems.

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