scholarly journals DIFFERENTIATION OF MAIZE LINES WITH HIGH CONTENT OF CAROTENOIDS USING PROTEIN AND DNA MARKERS

AGROFOR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larysa PRYSIAZHNIUK ◽  
Yurii HONCHAROV ◽  
Yuliia SHYTIKOVA ◽  
Oksana TOPCHII ◽  
Snizhana OTROSHKO
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Electrophoretic Spectra

Wide natural variety of carotenoids, including vitamin A precursors, is characteristic of maize (Zea mays L.), which allows using it to combat vitamin A deficiency in the world. Previous studies have established the effectiveness of the use of functional DNA markers in the selection of maize lines with a high content of carotenoids in grain. However, not only improving grain quality but also creating highly productive hybrids competitive on the grain market is currently important. The purpose of our study was to determine the genetic diversity of maize lines using storage protein and DNA markers, as well as to find correlations of two marker systems with FAO characteristics. On the basis of maize lines selected for high content of carotenoids, the allelic state of six SSR markers (phi022, phi034, phi062, phi073, phi079, phi085), electrophoretic spectra of zein and their electrophoretic mobility have been determined. Cluster analysis of maize lines using electrophoretic spectra of zein yielded eight clusters. It was found that the minimum genetic distance was 4.24 and the maximum 7.48 Cluster analysis by the identified alleles for SSR markers allowed to form seven clusters according to the affinity of the lines. Range of changes in genetic distances was from 1.00. to 3.46 The analysis of genetic distance matrices, using the Mantel test, found a correlation between the marker systems under study (r = 0.184). A correlation between the studied marker systems and their relation to FAO characteristics was established. Therefore, in order to increase selection efficiency of maize, it is advisable to use an integrated approach to the evaluation of breeding genotypes involving protein and DNA markers.

scholarly journals Analysis of intra-population variability of bald cypress (Taxodium distichum L. Rich.) in seed stand near Backa Palanka using RAPD markers

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-580
Author(s):  
Vladan Popovic ◽  
Aleksandar Lucic ◽  
Danijela Ristic ◽  
Ljubinko Rakonjac ◽  
Sabahudin Hadrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Bald Cypress ◽  
Seed Stand

The analysis of Bald cypress genetic variability at the level of test trees was performed using RAPD (Random Amlified Polymorphic DNA) markers. RAPD analysis was performed on 20 test trees with 13 primers. A total of ten primers gave a clear picture while three primers amplified weakly. 60 is a total number of detected bands obtained by RAPD analysis with 10 selected primers, and the average number of bands is 6. Based on presence/absence of RAPD fragments among all 20 Bald cypress test trees were calculated similarity coefficients by Dice and they range from 0.73 to 1. Based on similarity coefficients was performed the cluster analysis and results were presented as a dendrogram. All 20 test trees were grouped into two sub-clusters. Test trees 1, 4 and 11 were grouped in the first sub-cluster while other test trees were grouped in the second sub-cluster. By analysis of relations within every sub-cluster and sub-sub-cluster the existence of genetic distances between observed test trees can be noticed. The greatest similarity is between test trees 2, 12, 15 and 18. The results of genetic similarity and distance between observed test trees indicate the overwhelming presence of genetic diversity.

Innovative use of cluster analysis to evaluate social marketing strategies to control vitamin a deficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Uma Nayak ◽  
M. Vishnuvardhana Rao ◽  
Shahnaz Vazir ◽  
K. Vijayaraghavan
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Marketing Strategies

scholarly journals Characterization of Ugandan Sweetpotato Germplasm Using Fluorescent Labeled Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benard Yada ◽  
Phinehas Tukamuhabwa ◽  
Bramwell Wanjala ◽  
Dong-Jin Kim ◽  
Robert A. Skilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Simple Sequence

The genetic relationships among 192 superior, high–yielding, and disease-resistant sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] accessions from the Ugandan germplasm collection were analyzed using 10 fluorescent labeled simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Relatedness among the genotypes was estimated using the Nei and Li genetic distance coefficient, cluster analysis and principle component analysis methods of NTSYS-pc software. The polymorphic information content of the SSR markers used in this study ranged from 0.23 to 0.76 for loci IB-S07 and IB-R12, respectively, with a mean value of 0.62. The number of polymorphic alleles detected per locus ranged from two to six with a mean of four, a confirmation of the effectiveness of microsatellite detection on an automated ABI 3730 sequencer. The mean pairwise genetic distance among the 192 genotypes was 0.57, an indication of moderately high genetic diversity. Cluster analysis divided the accessions into four major groups with no relationship to the district of origin. Two sets of duplicates were identified through SSR genotyping in this study. Up to 190 distinct accessions for use as potential parental genotypes in hybridization schemes for cultivar development in the region were identified.

Restriction fragment length polymorphism and genetic distance among Mexican accessions of Capsicum

Genome ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 726-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Prince ◽  
Fernando Loaiza-Figueroa ◽  
Steven D. Tanksley
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed on 25 accessions of pepper (Capsicum sp.) from various regions of Mexico and on the two parents currently in use for molecular mapping. The fragments detected were used to estimate genetic distances among the accessions. A dendrogram from cluster analysis and a principal component analysis diagram of the genetic distance matrix are presented. The correlation between genetic distances measured by restriction fragment length polymorphism versus genetic distances measured by isozymes is good (R2 = 0.438, p = 0.0001). All but four accessions could be differentiated with the 10 most polymorphic clones examined. Crosses were made between each of our two mapping parents and the Mexican accessions as well as among many of the Mexican accessions. F1 pollen stainability data were taken to estimate the fertility of each cross. This information along with the genetic distance data is used to select polymorphic but interfertile parents for future restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping in pepper.Key words: pepper, cluster analysis, isozyme-RFLP correlation, DNA fingerprinting.

scholarly journals SSR Markers in Genetic Diversity Assessment of Fig Ficus carica L. Populations in Kurdistan Region – Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Abdulqader E. Hussein ◽  
Jaladet M.S. Jubrael
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Almost All

In the current study, simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were used to assess the phylogenetic relationships and to investigate genetic polymorphism among 28 fig landraces in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Fifteen SSR loci produced 73 alleles were produced across all studied genotypes. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was (0.000) detected with all primers. The expected heterozygosity (He) was ranged from 0.000 to 0.875. The Polymorphic information content PIC was ranged from 0.000 to 0.843, and Fixation index values were ranged from +0.999 to +1.000. The SSR profiles produced were further used for assessing similarities (genetic distance) between the cultivars studied. Genetic distance calculation was achieved using computer software (NTSYS-PC). The genetic distances among the studied genotypes were ranged between (0.1029-0.9485). Genetic distances were supported by the developed dendrogram using UPGMA method. This dendrogram was split into two major groups, and each group was further divided into subgroups. The product of the general data and study of the clusters suggested that almost all the fig cultivars revealed significant genetic diversities. The microsatellite markers allowed clearly the differentiation between studied fig landraces and gave the reliability of these markers in fingerprinting of fig genotypes. It is worth to mention that the study findings will help the management of fig genotypes and might help the selection of landraces for future breeding program in this region.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterisation and Diversity Assessment of Potato Genotypes Using SSR Markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prossy Namugga ◽  
Julia Sibiya ◽  
Rob Melis ◽  
Alex Barekye
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Tetraploid Potato ◽  
Genetic Characterisation ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Linear Correlations

Information on diversity of genetic materials is vital for choosing parents in a breeding program. The objective of the study was to determine the pattern and level of genetic diversity among the selected 20 tetraploid potato genotypes using 16 SSR markers to identify suitable parents for breeding purposes. The microsatellites showed considerable variation among genotypes and sixty four alleles were amplified by the 16 primer pairs. The number of polymorphic alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8 with an average of 3.9. The highest number of null alleles was observed was six for genotype Nakpot1. The overall size of the amplified product varied from 48 bp (marker STI0023) to 309 bp (marker STM5121). PIC values ranged from 0.0948 to 0.7832, with an average of 0.4307 per locus. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.0997 to 0.805 with an average of 0.466919. Significant positive linear correlations were observed between PIC values and number of alleles (r = 0.905); and heterozygosity and number of alleles (r = 0.8659) at p < 0.001. Cluster analysis separated the genotypes into three different groups. The genetic distance between clones ranged from 1 to 5.7. Cruza had the highest genetic distance while the shortest genetic distance was observed between 396026.103 and 396034.104. The microsatellites used in this study provided useful information regarding the variability of the tested genotypes and their selection for breeding purposes.

Quantification of Vitamin A in Fortified Rapeseed, Groundnut and Soya Oils Using a Simple Portable Device: Comparison to High Performance Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Renaud ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Sylvie Avallone
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Portable Device ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Control Food ◽  
Assay Precision

Vitamin A deficiency is still one of the major public health problems in least developed countries. Fortification of vegetable oils is a strategy implemented worldwide to prevent this deficiency. For a fortification program to be effective, regular monitoring is necessary to control food quality in the producing units. The reference methods for vitamin A quantification are expensive and time-consuming. A rapid method should be useful for regular assessment of vitamin A in the oil industry. A portable device was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for three plant oils (rapeseed, groundnut, and soya). The device presented a good linearity from 3 to 30 mg retinol equivalents per kg (mg RE.kg- 1). Its limits of detection and quantification were 3 mg RE.kg- 1 for groundnut and rapeseed oils and 4 mg RE.kg- 1 for soya oil. The intra-assay precision ranged from 1.48 % to 3.98 %, considered satisfactory. Accuracy estimated by the root mean squares error ranged from 3.99 to 5.49 and revealed a lower precision than HPLC (0.4 to 2.25). Although it offers less precision than HPLC, the device estimates quickly the vitamin A content of the tested oils from 3 or 4 to 15 mg RE.kg- 1.

Research Recommendations for Applying Vitamin A-Labelled Isotope Dilution Techniques to Improve Human Vitamin A Nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo ◽  
Anura V. Kurpad ◽  
Janet R. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pool Size ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Total Body

The current use of serum retinol concentrations as a measurement of subclinical vitamin A deficiency is unsatisfactory for many reasons. The best technique available for vitamin A status assessment in humans is the measurement of total body pool size. Pool size is measured by the administration of retinol labelled with stable isotopes of carbon or hydrogen that are safe for human subjects, with subsequent measurement of the dilution of the labelled retinol within the body pool. However, the isotope techniques are time-consuming, technically challenging, and relatively expensive. There is also a need to assess different types of tracers and doses, and to establish clear guidelines for the use and interpretation of this method in different populations. Field-friendly improvements are desirable to encourage the application of this technique in developing countries where the need is greatest for monitoring the risk of vitamin A deficiency, the effectiveness of public health interventions, and the potential of hypervitaminosis due to combined supplement and fortification programs. These techniques should be applied to validate other less technical methods of assessing vitamin A deficiency. Another area of public health relevance for this technique is to understand the bioconversion of β-carotene to vitamin A, and its relation to existing vitamin A status, for future dietary diversification programs.

Vitamin A deficiency is associated with disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nagel ◽  
C Labenz ◽  
M Nguyen-Tat ◽  
N Cabezas Wallscheid ◽  
C Czauderna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency

Mitral Valve Replacement in an Adult with Left Pulmonary Agenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Huseyin Saskin ◽  
Mustafa Idiz ◽  
Cagri Duzyol ◽  
Huseyin Macika ◽  
Rezan Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Pulmonary Agenesis ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Predominance

Pulmonary agenesis is associated with the absence of pulmonary vessels, bronchi, or parenchyma. This condition usually occurs between the 4th and 5th week of gestation during the embryonic phase. Etiopathogenic factors associated with pulmonary agenesis are not fully understood. In the literature, genetic and teratogenic factors, viral infections, and vitamin-A deficiency are shown to be associated with pulmonary agenesis [Malcon 2012]. This condition may be seen unilaterally or bilaterally. Although the precise rate of incidence is unknown, it is estimated to occur in one of every 10,000 to 12,000 live births [Yetim 2011]. There is a 1.3:1 female predominance with unilateral agenesis [Halilbasic 2013]

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