scholarly journals THE ROLE OF SECURITY PROVIDERS AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL IN THE CONTROL OF HATE CRIMES

Defendologija ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (41-42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Velibor Lalić
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
National Level ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Suitable Environment

In this paper is analysed the role of security providers at the national level in thecontrol of hate crimes. The special particular reference is given on the role of the policeand prosecutor’s offi ce but also the other entities which have a social signifi cance in thecreation of the suitable environment for the prevention of these criminal offences. Thoseare primarily educational institutions, political elites and media. Effi cient control of thehate crimes is a comprehensive process in which should actively be involved differententities in the society, not only the authorities of the formal social control. Integral approachto this problem can give positive results in the long run, whether it is about therepressive action or the prevention.

Two Non-senses of “Probability”

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-76
Author(s):  
Wayne C. Myrvold
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Objective Probability ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Principle Of Indifference ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

This chapter engages in some ground-clearing. Two concepts have been proposed to play the role of objective probability. One is associated with the idea that probability involves mere counting of possibilities (often wrongly attributed to Laplace). The other is frequentism, the idea that probability can be defined as long-run relative frequency in some actual or hypothetical sequence of events. Associated with the idea that probability is merely a matter of counting of possibilities is a temptation to believe that there is a principle, called the Principle of Indifference, which can generate probabilities out of ignorance. In this chapter the reasons that neither of these approaches can achieve its goal are rehearsed, with reference to historical discussions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It includes some of the prehistory of discussions of what has come to be known, misleadingly, as Bertrand’s paradox.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LOCAL WISDOM AS PART OF CORRUPTION ERADICATION STRATEGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
LIM KURNIAWAN SETIADARMA
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Awareness ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Eradication Strategy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
General Principles Of Law ◽  
Corruption Prevention

ABSTRACT Corruption has been a pervasive problem plaguing our country for a long time. On the other hand, raising community awareness and enhancing public participation have been acknowledged as part of the corruption prevention and eradication strategy in Indonesia for many years, especially since the enactment of 1999 Corruption Law. Nonetheless, public participation in the country seems to keep decreasing throughout the years, leaving corruption alone eroding every sector of society. For this reason, it is important to realize that the success level of public participation is highly related to the existing beliefs and values of people that are expected to be participating – the local wisdom. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of public participation in eradication of corruption, assess whether the local wisdom has been supporting the corruption eradication/prevention strategy, and finally conclude with a proposition to maximize the role of local wisdom in combatting corruption in Indonesia. To achieve that goal, delving into applicable laws, general principles of law, journals and books, cases and reports, as well as various surveys becomes very important to increase the knowledge and objectivity in thinking and analyzing. Two surveys were also conducted to Indonesian citizens with 328 respondents and 495 respondents, in order to see the real cultures and beliefs that are currently developing in Indonesian society. This research paper will reveal the current Indonesian local wisdom on the ground and its connection to the large strategy of corruption eradication at national level.

scholarly journals Impact of Government Expenditure on Agricultural Productivity in South Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 1734-1742
Author(s):  
Megbowon Ebenezer ◽  
Saul Ngarava ◽  
Nsikak-Abasi Etim ◽  
Oluwabunmi Popoola
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Level ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Government Funding ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Government expenditure has been considered to be having an extent of impact on economic performance at both sectoral level and aggregate national level. Evidence from literature, however shows that this notion has not been generally accepted across countries and sectors. Considering the significance of agriculture in an economy most especially in Africa, and the consequent role of government, this study examines the impact of government expenditure on agricultural productivity in South Africa using annual time series data from 1983 to 2016. It is shown that there exists a long-run relationship between government expenditure on agriculture and agricultural productivity, and a positive significant effect only to be expected in the long-run. The finding underscores the non-negotiable role of the South African government funding of agricultural sector in an era of climate change and a highly commercialized agricultural system. Furthermore, considering the low and declining pattern of government expenditure in the sector in South Africa, the desired productivity growth impact will only be experienced in the long-run all things being equal. Improving government funding in the sector could accelerate the desired agricultural productivity in the short-term.

scholarly journals Is English a Killer Language or an International Auxiliary? Its Use and Function in a Globalised World

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Ceramella
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Function

<strong><strong></strong></strong><p align="LEFT">I<span style="font-family: DejaVuSerifCondensed; font-size: small;">n the Introduction to this article, I deal with the importance of speaking one’s </span>own language as a way to assert one’s identity. Then I pass on to the evolution of the English language from its start as Old English, spoken by only a few thousand Angles and Saxons.</p><p align="LEFT"><span style="font-family: DejaVuSerifCondensed; font-size: small;">I remark how, at fi rst, it was contaminated by thousands of </span>Latin, French and Scandinavian words, of which contemporary English still bears many clear traces, but nobody has ever thought that English was ever in danger of disappearing. By contrast, in the long run, it became the mother tongue of the speakers in comparatively newly founded countries, such as the USA, Australia, and New Zealand, and owing to the spread of the British Empire, it has dramatically increased its appeal becoming the most spoken and infl uential language in the world. Thus, according to some linguists, it has led several languages virtually to the verge of disappearance. Therefore, I argue whether English has really vampirised them, or has simply contributed to make people understand each other, sometimes even in the same country where lots of diff erent tongues are spoken (e.g. Nigeria).</p><p align="LEFT">It is self-evident that English has gradually been taking the role of a common unifying factor in our globalised world. In this view, I envisage a scenario where English may even become the offi cial l anguage o f the E U with the c ontributions &amp; coming, though in varying doses, from all the speakers of the other EU languages.</p>

Rationality at the Brink: The Role of Cognitive Processes in Failures of Deterrence

1978 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack L. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Value Conflicts ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

Decision makers in international crises seek to reconcile two values: on the one hand, avoiding the loss of prestige and credibility that capitulation would entail and, on the other, avoiding war. These values conflict with each other, in the sense that any policy designed to further one of them will jeopardize the other. Cognitive theory suggests that in ambiguous circumstances a decision maker will suppress uncomfortable value conflicts, conceptualizing his dilemma in such a way that the values appear to be consonant. President Kennedy's process of decision and rationalization in the Cuban missile crisis fits this pattern. He contended that compromise would allay the risk of war in the short run only at the cost of increasing it in the long run. Thus, he saw his policy of no compromise as furthering both the goal of maintaining U.S. prestige and credibility and the goal of avoiding war.

Two Tails of Justice

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranab Chatterjee ◽  
Amy D'Aprix
Keyword(s):  
Social Control ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Normal Curve ◽  
Proper Role

It is argued that justice is a form of group behavior, and that there are basically five types of justice: protective, corrective, restorative, distributive, and representational. Corrective and protective justice, for the most part, help attain social control and strengthen existing social order. Distributive and representational justice often help the marginalized and disadvantaged members of a group. Restorative justice is in the middle, and performs both functions. Thus, justice seems to have two tails, similar to that found in a normal curve in statistics. One of these tails, where corrective and protective justice help support the existing social order of groups, provides social stability. The other tail, where distributive and representational justice support the vulnerable and the marginalized members of a group, generates the thrust for social change. Social workers need to understand the proper role of both of these tails.

scholarly journals Predisposition to Change Is Linked to Job Satisfaction: Assessing the Mediation Roles of Workplace Relation Civility and Insight

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Gori ◽  
Eleonora Topino
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Results

The globalization processes typical of liquid modern society require organizations to have high levels of flexibility, dynamism, and rapidity of change, testing the adaptability of workers with possible repercussions on well-being and productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of several psychological factors in favoring job satisfaction in a group of organizational workers (mean age = 46.24; SD = 9.99; 40.9% males and 59.1% females). Firstly, the impact of predisposition to change on job satisfaction through workplace relational civility (others with me) or insight orientation as independent mediating variables was analyzed. After that, this relationship was also studied by testing the effect that the simultaneous interaction of both mediators could have. Results show that workplace relational civility (others with me) significantly mediated the relationship between predisposition to change and job satisfaction, while no significance was found in the effect of insight when considered individually. However, the latter acquires greater relevance if placed in interaction with the other mediator, that is found to be the most proximal factor linking job satisfaction to the other more distal variables. Such findings might have a relevant role in strengthening preventive intervening, favoring positive results for greater well-being of both subjects and organizations.

scholarly journals National identity and institutional (re)construction in Serbia: Ideology, education, media

2002 ◽  
pp. 51-75
Author(s):  
Vladimir Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Definition Of

In a new attempt to give a definition of Serbia national identity, it is of a decisive significance to make a connection between critically valued tradition from one side, and globalization requests from the other side. The fruitful connection between the old and the new is possible only if Serbia succeed in the construction of democratic and no corrupted state institutions that will create a rational consciousness of Serbia distinctness, as well as that of the values of exterior world. In this delicate affair of self-definition, the major responsibility lies on political elites and ideological projects openly or stealthily favored by them, that are reflected best in media (public opinion) and educational institutions.

scholarly journals Educating the Other

Aspasia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Roman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Local Perceptions ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Professional Integration ◽  
Educational Networks

This article explores the role of foreign governesses in the early nineteenth century in the province of Wallachia, a principality in the southeastern part of present-day Romania and a peripheral territory at the intersection of the Habsburg, Russian, and Ottoman empires. It focuses on the professional integration of governesses into Romanian society, exploring their complementary routes of activity, both in private educational networks for the elite and in the emerging educational institutions for girls. Their cultural identities as transnational teachers sometimes collided with local perceptions and employers’ ambitions, and the study sheds light on the different categories of governesses and how they succeeded in keeping up with a certain model for governesses that prevailed in this period.

Growth and survival of Cherax destructor and Bidyanus bidyanus stocked in a communal aquarium system

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Rodnet E. Duffy ◽  
Ian Godwin ◽  
Ian Purvis ◽  
John Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Cherax Destructor ◽  
Fish Survival ◽  
Positive Results

Abstract Polycultural aquaculture typically utilises a mix of low trophic level species to increase yield above that which can be obtained from a single species. Low trophic level species are not widely accepted for consumption within Australia, so this study focussed on two species that have market acceptance, the yabby (Cherax destructor) and the silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). Laboratory scale trials examined the effect of each species on the growth and survival of the other species as well as the role of shelter for crayfish in this system over a 13.5 week period. Neither species negatively impacted the growth of the other, however, survival was negatively impacted. Shelter enhanced crayfish survival, although fish survival was impacted in those treatments. A higher total biomass was harvested from polyculture treatments than monoculture treatments. The positive results warrant further investigation at the scale of mesocosm, prior to large-scale pond trials.

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