scholarly journals Evaluation systems and approaches towards analyzing the impact of the results of scientific research upon the economy and society: international experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-52
Author(s):  
Svetlana Mikhailovna Popova ◽  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Yanik
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
The Impact

Systematic evaluation of the results of research activity funded by the state, including analysis of the impact of the results of research upon the development of the economy and society, has become common practice in governance of the science sector. It pertains to acquisition of evidence-based data and feedback necessary for decision making on the effectiveness of the existing governance techniques and selection of the methods (including legal) for their improvement. The exceptional complexity and dynamic change of the object of analysis (science, production of scientific knowledge) encourages to constantly search for new approaches worldwide for acquiring qualitative and accurate evaluations of the results of scientific research. From such perspective, systematic monitoring and analysis of the relevant foreign experience is advantageous for the theory and practice of governing scientific development, as it allows taking into account the mistakes and achievements of other countries with regards to development and improvement of their evaluation systems. Analysis is conducted on a range of systems (mainly European) and approaches towards evaluation of the contribution of sciences to socioeconomic development. The author reveals the peculiarities and flaws of the evaluation system under study. This article is first to demonstrate that the vast problematic field associated with the assessment of the contribution of sciences, should be viewed within the framework of the theory of state audit, which distinguishes between external and internal systems of monitoring. The conclusion is made that the peculiarities of functionality of science do not allow demarcating the contours of internal and external audit of the results of “scientific production” without compromising the quality of the acquired conclusions. The improvement of evaluation systems is a continuous process, associated with the co-evolution of science and scientific policy.

Keeping Great Teachers: A Case Study on the Impact and Implementation of a Pilot Teacher Evaluation System

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Robertson-Kraft ◽  
Rosaline S. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Evaluation ◽  
Teacher Retention ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
School Level ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Teacher Survey ◽  
Teacher Evaluation Systems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

A growing body of research examines the impact of recent teacher evaluation systems; however, we have limited knowledge on how these systems influence teacher retention. This study uses a mixed-methods design to examine teacher retention patterns during the pilot year of an evaluation system in an urban school district in Texas. We used difference-in-differences analysis to examine the impact of the new system on school-level teacher turnover and administered a teacher survey ( N = 1,301) to investigate individual and school-level factors influencing retention. This quantitative analysis was supplemented with interview data from two case study schools. Results suggest that, overall, the new evaluation system did not have a significant effect on teacher retention, but there was significant variation at the individual and school level. This study has important implications for policymakers developing new evaluation systems and researchers interested in evaluating their impact on retention.

scholarly journals Investment and Construction Projects Management by Monitoring the Ecological State of Urban Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 05033
Author(s):  
Alexandr Orlov ◽  
Irina Chubarkina
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Market Theory ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Project Risks ◽  
The Impact

The authors carried out the analysis of the current state of the Russian investment and construction market, theory and practice of project analysis, which made it possible to determine the specifics of housing construction projects development during the crisis and highly uncertain external and internal factors of its implementation. Urban agglomerations development is a continuous process of transformation of the existing urban environment, where daily living activities are carried out, connected with changing social requirements. It includes various components of the integrated organization of the city’s space: ecological, functional, architectural and artistic, socio-cultural aspects, as well as the organization of population activities. At the same time, taking into account the peculiarities of the city as a whole, urban development, in particular, is today the dominant task in urban planning practice. The mechanism of indicative risk assessment was used to develop the author’s matrix for the processing of specific project risks during the crisis. Values of factor risk premiums are based on it, and they are taken into account when calculating the project efficiency. The use of this methodology makes it possible to identify and assess project risks with minimum resources, correct the parameters of the project’s commercial efficiency and, taking into account the results obtained, draw a conclusion about the feasibility of further project implementation. One should choose a certain classification of environmental risks focusing on the goals and objectives of projects. This allows choosing the right methodology for assessing environmental risks at the stage of information collection and analysis, which in the future will make it possible to make the most complete and balanced decision. The use of the proposed recommendations makes it possible to take into account the impact of commercial, financial, legal, production and management risks during the crisis and, as a result, more accurately calculate the commercial efficiency of a development project.

Organizational and Management Aspects of Cloud Computing Application in Scientific Research

2015 ◽  
pp. 1852-1876
Author(s):  
Mladen Čudanov ◽  
Jovan Krivokapić
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Organizational Network ◽  
It Support ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Computing Approach

This chapter is focused on the business model of scientific research, theoretically analysing managerial, organizational, and financial, rather than technical aspects of this concept. Theoretic explanation is based on an organizational networking platform. In practice, this platform is presented by Seven Bridges Genomics software solution, and the new opportunities for the organizational network broker are illustrated both in theory and practice. The impact that cloud computing has upon organizational performances is theoretically explained by costs of the ICT infrastructure, as well as of transactional and opportunity costs of operations. Through cloud computing, approach opportunity costs are reduced and efficiency is increased. The business model is presented in the framework of Osterwalder and Pigneur. By means of theoretical analysis and practical example, the authors demonstrate the development of a business model related to scientific research in bioinformatics. Cloud computing enables organizational separation of two distinct parts of the scientific research business model: core research and IT support. From the perspective of efficiency, network achieves a higher level of capital utilisation, better resistance to business risks, lower transaction costs, and in general, better efficiency, while the core research part has the opportunity to focus its structure on effectiveness and creativity.

A. Analisis Sistem Evaluasi Kinerja Karyawan Melalui E-Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ika Purwanti ◽  
Rahman .
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Performance Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Systems ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Performance Appraisal System ◽  
The Impact

The focus of this study is the Analysis of Employee Performance Evaluation Systems Through E-Performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the employee performance evaluation system through E-Performance at the Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kabupaten Lamongan and identify the impact of its implementation. The research method used in this study is qualitative with a case study approach. The object of this study is Civil Servants at the Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kabupaten Lamongan. Data obtained through direct observation, interviews and documentation. The result shows that the performance appraisal system  through E-Performance provides speed access to Pegawai Negeri Sipil in reporting their performance in the context of employee performance evaluation at the Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kabupaten Lamongan. The performance of Pegawai Negeri Sipil at the Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik has increased since the implementation of a performance appraisal system through the E-Performance application. This system is monitored directly by their respective superiors so that the results of the evaluation can be directly followed up by their respective superiors. Every civil servant is more eager to do his job so that the performance target can be achieved well. Besides that it makes it easier for leaders to monitor the performance of their subordinates. Keywords: e-performance, employee performance

The Impact of Information Technology on the Performance Evaluation System of Scientific Research in Universities

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 2269-2271
Author(s):  
Dong Shi Feng ◽  
Shuo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Performance Evaluation System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Information Technology Impact

This paper expounds the content of performance evaluation system of scientific research in colleges and universities and how the information technology impact on it. It emphatically discusses the scientificity of the evaluation method and sums up the characteristics of performance evaluation system of scientiflc research based on information technology.

Organizational and Management Aspects of Cloud Computing Application in Scientific Research

2014 ◽  
pp. 31-55
Author(s):  
Mladen Čudanov ◽  
Jovan Krivokapić
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Organizational Network ◽  
It Support ◽  
Ict Infrastructure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Computing Approach

This chapter is focused on the business model of scientific research, theoretically analysing managerial, organizational, and financial, rather than technical aspects of this concept. Theoretic explanation is based on an organizational networking platform. In practice, this platform is presented by Seven Bridges Genomics software solution, and the new opportunities for the organizational network broker are illustrated both in theory and practice. The impact that cloud computing has upon organizational performances is theoretically explained by costs of the ICT infrastructure, as well as of transactional and opportunity costs of operations. Through cloud computing, approach opportunity costs are reduced and efficiency is increased. The business model is presented in the framework of Osterwalder and Pigneur. By means of theoretical analysis and practical example, the authors demonstrate the development of a business model related to scientific research in bioinformatics. Cloud computing enables organizational separation of two distinct parts of the scientific research business model: core research and IT support. From the perspective of efficiency, network achieves a higher level of capital utilisation, better resistance to business risks, lower transaction costs, and in general, better efficiency, while the core research part has the opportunity to focus its structure on effectiveness and creativity.

Social and Political Impact through Communicative Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Gómez ◽  
José Miguel Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
European Level ◽  
Project Impact ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
The Impact

Research in social sciences and humanities (SSH) have suffered a crisis since its utility and impact in the citizenry has been questioned. This questioning appears at a European level, but also worldwide. In this framework, the 7th Framework Program from the European Commission (EC) approved the project “IMPACT-EV: Evaluating the Impact and Outcomes of EU SSH Research.” The main objective of this project is to define a monitoring and evaluation system of scientific policy and social impact in SSH research. The project is following a communicative methodology, identified as one of the more successful methodologies to reach social and political impact. In this article, we show three examples of political and social impact reached through research conducted with communicative methodology and working with the Roma community.

LA PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA Y EL DESARROLLO DE LA CULTURA CIENTÍFICA, EN LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL DEL PROFESOR PARA LA EDUCACIÓN TÉCNICA Y PROFESIONAL. UN RETO HECHO REALIDAD.

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Isabel Orozco Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Stated Problem ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

La formación inicial del profesor de la Educación Técnica y Profesional (ETP), debe estar en correspondenciacon la integración del conocimiento científico, el acelerado desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnologíay las exigencias en la formación de las nuevas generaciones. Esta investigación aborda la problemáticaplanteada en la formación de profesores para la Carrera de Informática y asume como problemacientífico: “¿Cómo contribuir al desarrollo de una cultura científica como base para una participaciónciudadana responsable, en la formación inicial del profesor para la ETP en la Carrera Informática?”. La metodología utilizada constituye una integración de métodos teóricos y empíricos, lo que permitióla elaboración de la propuesta. Se trabajan y sustentan los antecedentes teóricos y metodológicos delproceso de formación inicial del profesor para la Educación Técnica y Profesional. Finalmente, se brindan los resultados de la aplicación de la consulta a expertos como comprobación teórica del mismo ysu aplicación parcial en la práctica. El fundamento teórico y las relaciones sistemáticas que se establecenentre los componentes, constituyen el principal aporte teórico y novedad de la investigación.   Palabras Clave: participación ciudadana, cultura científica, formación inicial, educación técnica y profesional.   ABSTRACT   The basic formation of teachers in Technical and Professional Education (TPE) must be in correspondencewith the integration of scientific development, the accelerated development of science and technology, and the educational demands of the new generations.  This research addresses the stated problem in the formation of teachers for the Informatics Career and assumes the scientific problem: How to contribute to thedevelopment of a scientific culture as the basis of a responsible citizen participation, in the initial formation of the ETP teacher in the Informatics Career? The methodology used integrates both theoretical and empiricalmethods which helped to build up this proposal.  Historical and methodological background of the formation process are worked out and supported.  Finally, results of the application of expert consulting as averification in theory and practice. The theoretical foundations and the systematic relationships established among the components constitute the main theoretical contribution and novelty of this research.   Keywords: citizen participation, scientific culture, initial formation, technical and professional education   Recibido: julio de 2015Aprobado: septiembre de 2015

Some Imperatives of the Russian Economic Leadership: The Development of Science

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
O. S. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Compensation System ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Labor Compensation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Practical Standpoint

The paper outlines system capabilities of Russia to join the scientific and technological leaders through changes in the staff policy in the science field, which was the purpose of the research.The subject of the research is institutional changes occurring in science and, particularly, staff training. The status of the Russian science is assessed in terms of changes in the basic rules and their adjustment with an emphasis on material and non-material incentives, staff rotation and training of young scientists. The paper proves that the frequency and content of institutional changes affect the quality of the scientific development and the training of scientific staff; moreover, copying the rules already in use reduces the competitive potential of science. From the scientific and practical standpoint, the research is novel in that it formulates proposals for establishing a labor compensation system and introduction of basic institutions (rules) to ensure the functioning of the scientific sphere and the efficiency of functions immanent to the latter. The paper proposes a “scientific product” doctrine that can be used for assessment of a scientist’s labor, according to which the scientist creates a product that is assessed not by the citation frequency or the number of published articles and books but by the importance of discoveries in theory and practice, the significance of new formulas and methods developed. It is suggested that the scientist’s labor compensation system be presented by two levels: the current salary and the estimated value of the total scientific product created. The problem of scientific work incentives can be solved by introducing a special tariffqualification grid tied to the system of the scientist’s promotion.

Objectivity of Scientific Research as an Ethical and Political Position (Book Review: P.P. Tolochko. Ukraine between Russia and the West: Historical and Nonfiction Essays. Saint Petersburg: Saint Petersburg University of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Zapesotsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The West ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
Nonfiction Essays ◽  
The Impact

Book Review: P.P. Tolochko. Ukraine between Russia and the West: Historical and Nonfiction Essays. Saint Petersburg: Saint Petersburg University of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2018. - 592 pp. ISBN 978-5-7621-0973-4This author discusses the problem of scientific objectivity and reviews a book written by the medievalist-historian P.P. Tolochko, full member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), honorable director of the NASU Institute of Archaeology. The book was published by the Saint Petersburg University of Humanities and Social Sciences in the autumn of 2018. The book presents a collection of articles and reports devoted to processes in Ukraine and, first of all, in Ukrainian historical science, which, at the moment, is experiencing an era of serious reformation of its interpretative models. The author of the book shows that these models are being reformed to suit the requirements of the new ideology, with an obvious disregard for the conduct of objective scientific research. In this regard, the problem of objectivity of scientific research becomes the subject of this review because the requirement of objectivity can be viewed not only as a methodological requirement but also as a moral and political position, opposing the rigor of scientific research to the impact of ideological, political and moral systems and judgments. It is concluded that in this sense the position of P.P. Tolochko can be considered as the act of profound ethical choice.

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