scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Movement of Male Aged Agricultural Labor Force in Semi-mountain Region

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yoshimoto ◽  
Masakazu Nagaki
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Analysis on outsourcing service behavior of rice pest and disease control based on Heckman selection model—A case study of ten counties in Fujian Province

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254819
Author(s):  
Liangmei Cai ◽  
Linping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Fujian Province ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Rice Pest ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Control

Under the background of relatively slow agricultural labor transfer and land circulation, agricultural production outsourcing has become the main means of agricultural modernization. In order to provide a beneficial perspective for appropriately expanding the scale of rice control outsourcing services, we investigated the situation of rice control outsourcing in ten counties of Fujian Province, and analyzed the factors influencing rice farmers’ decision-making and control degree by using Heckman model. First of all, the main factors affecting farmers’ participation in outsourcing are agricultural labor force, whether family members are cooperative members, planting area, proportion of grain income, degree of organization of outsourcing team, region and so on. Secondly, agricultural labor force, cooperative members, planting area, part-time behavior, mechanical efficiency of prevention and control organization, and region are the main factors affecting the scale of control outsourcing. Thirdly, from a regional perspective, the rice farmers in northern and Western Fujian are more dependent on outsourcing services consumption compared with the rice farmers in Southern Fujian. These results have a clear impact on policymakers, indicating that policy and measures should encourage the prevention and control of the nature of cooperation, and improve the advanced nature of outsourcing facilities of plant protection equipment, thereby effectively improving the professional level of rice pest and disease control.

Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor Diskriminasi Gender yang Mempengarrhi Karir Karyawan Wanita di Kota Yogyakarta

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Rr. Nurasih ◽  
Agustini Dyah Respati
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Dual Career ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Discrimination Factors ◽  
High Work

Statistically, the number of women who works outside household is getting increase. As a part of worfforce, woman not only takes a position as general employee but they are also employed as a manager. It indicates that woman plays an important role in organization. In other words it can be said that the globol labor force has changed. Change in labor force involved an aging worfforce and a diverse worffirce. Furthermore diversity exists within labor force. As a result organizations cannot afford to ignore or discount the potential contributions of wornen. At the same time work opportunity for women is also more available. Women, howqer find dfficulties that hinder them in pursuing a success in career. This hindrances result fro* the social and culture concept that the nature of a woman is a houssvyife. In fact women who hold a dual career hme a more responsibility either to their emplolters or to their household. Being a dual career people, women show a high work motivation and good performance. This paper examines the affecting factorson wornen coreer in term of sex discrimination that is discrimination on grounds of gender. The result shows that there are five gender discrimination factors affecting woman career.Kqtwords : woman car e er, gender, divers ity, culture, dis crimination.

scholarly journals The Impact of Urbanization on Farmland Productivity: Implications for China’s Requisition–Compensation Balance of Farmland Policy

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongqi Deng ◽  
Qianyu Zhao ◽  
Helen X. H. Bao
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Urbanization Rate ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

The rapid growth of China’s economy since the reform in 1978 should be largely attributed to urbanization. Nonetheless, in terms of farmland productivity, urbanization may lead to perverse incentives and thus threaten food security. On the one hand, the requisition–compensation balance of farmland (RCBF) policy could reduce farmland productivity because of a “superior occupation and inferior compensation”; on the other hand, urbanization promotes the transfer of the younger labor force and thus reduces the productivity of the agricultural labor force. To investigate the undesirable effects, based on some stylized facts, this study selects 29,415 county-level samples in a Chinese county from 2000–2014 to construct an empirical model. With a new stochastic frontier analysis method that eliminates the classical econometric issues of endogeneity and heterogeneity, the empirical results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between the farmland use efficiency (productivity) and urbanization rate, indicating that only when the urbanization rate is relatively low would urbanization decrease the farmland use efficiency; in contrast, when the urbanization rate is relatively high, technical progress would obviously be accompanied by urbanization, and thus, the undesirable effects are fully offset. Furthermore, the U-shaped relationship is robust after considering the endogeneity of the urbanization rate and total-factor farmland use efficiency. With these findings, recommendations to implement sustainable management and conservation policies regarding farmland resources are made.

The Height and Weight of West Point Cadets: Dietary Change in Antebellum America

1987 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Komlos
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
West Point ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Antebellum America ◽  
Blue Collar Workers ◽  
Antebellum Period ◽  
Industrial Labor

A decline in nutritional status is inferred from data on the height and weight of West Point cadets in the antebellum period. The decline was geographically widespread and affected farmers and blue-collar workers the most; middle-class cadets did not experience a decline in nutritional status until the Civil War. Nutritional status declined because meat output did not keep pace with population growth. Urbanization and the expansion of the industrial labor force increased the demand for food. However, the agricultural labor force grew at a slower pace, and productivity growth in food production was insufficient to redress the imbalance.

Structural Change Early in Development: Mexico's Changing Industrial and Occupational Structure from 1895 to 1950

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B. Keesing
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Early Stages

This Article summarizes the main findings of a detailed. study of the changing occupational and industrial structure of Mexico's non-agricultural labor force from 1895 to 1930 and from 1930 to 1950, based on a comparison of population censuses, especially those of 1895, 1930, and 1950. Structural changes in Mexico's labor force have never been adequately studied, and the results of the present research shed considerable new light on Mexico's development. The findings also suggest important paradoxes and discontinuities in the early stages of industrialization that merit systematic recognition in models and measurements of structural change over the course of development.

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