Scientific Assessment of Over-the-Counter Foot Orthoses to Determine Their Effects on Pain, Balance, and Foot Deformities

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Landsman ◽  
Donna DeFronzo ◽  
Julie Anderson ◽  
Thomas Roukis
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Hammer Toes ◽  
Foot Position

Background: A scientific study was conducted to evaluate the effects of non–custom-molded (over-the-counter) foot orthoses. Methods: Several parameters were examined, including foot, knee, hip, and back pain; balance; and reduction in flexible deformities, such as hammer toes and hallux valgus. Wherever possible, objective measurements were used, including measurements of shifts in center of pressure to assess balance and changes in bone position examined on radiographs. Forty-one individuals were analyzed using one of two types of prefabricated, noncustom insoles. Insoles were fit by an assistant trained to follow the fitting recommendations of the manufacturer under the direct supervision of a podiatric physician. Results: Use of these arch supports resulted in a significant reduction in some types of foot pain associated with hallux valgus (P = .04) and pain in the arch area (P = .004), knee (P = .002), and back (P = .007) by week 4. We also measured changes in foot position documented by radiography, although some changes may be attributed to parallax associated with measurement techniques. Improvement in balance was not observed to be significant when the orthoses were worn. Conclusions: Using both subjective and objective measures, we found that these over-the-counter foot orthoses were effective in bringing about changes in foot shape and concomitant relief of certain specific painful conditions. This study indicates that there is a scientific basis for attempting to relieve pain with orthoses. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 99(3): 206–215, 2009)

Effect of Hallux Valgus Correction with Kinesiology Taping on Hindfoot Position. Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-303
Author(s):  
Tobiasz Żłobiński ◽  
Anna Stolecka-Warzecha ◽  
Magdalena Hartman-Petrycka ◽  
Barbara Błońska-Fajfrowska
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Valgus Deformity ◽  
Loading Pattern ◽  
Hallux Valgus Deformity ◽  
Valgus Angle ◽  
Position Correction ◽  
Foot Loading ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Foot Position

Background. Hallux valgus is the most common deformity of the forefoot. It has a multifactorial aetiology, with hindfoot valgus considered one of its causes. The aim of this study was to evaluate hindfoot position and loading pattern after a treatment of Kinesiology Taping (KT) for the mechanical correction of hallux valgus. Material and methods. The study involved 25 feet with hallux valgus deformity and hindfoot valgus. The hallux valgus angle (HVA) and hindfoot angle were assessed with a 3D scanner. Hindfoot loading pattern was examined with a baropodometric platform while standing and during gait. Measurements were taken on the following three occasions: before and immediately after KT placement as well as after a month of taping. Results. The KT treatment had a significant influence on the hindfoot angle (p<0.001) and HVA (p<0.001) measured while standing and on lateral heel loading in dynamic conditions during gait (p<0.01). Conclusions. 1. KT decreased HVA and improved hindfoot position while standing in the pilot study participants. 2. KT exerted a corrective influence on the foot loading pattern in patients with hallux valgus and hindfoot pronation. 3. The foot position correction and normalisation of foot loading achieved in the pilot study provide a basis for further research on KT effectiveness in patients with hallux valgus and hindfoot pronation.

scholarly journals Management of Oral Pain

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Frieda A Pickett
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Pain Response ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Oral Pain ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Tooth Preparation

ABSTRACT Pain is the leading reason for individuals to seek dental care and understanding factors in pain response assists in pain management. Some dental services, including those involving tooth preparation, can result in postprocedure discomfort leading to a recommendation for analgesic therapy following treatment. Analgesia is defined as pain relief by inhibiting specific pain pathways and drugs to relieve pain are analgesics. Over the counter agents are efficacious agents for most dental pain with ibuprofen and acetaminophen commonly recommended. Considerations for analgesic recommendations, based on the medical history, scientific evidence of efficacy, and patient preferences are discussed. How to cite this article Pickett FA. Management of Oral Pain. World J Dent 2012;3(2):207-212.

Effect of 4 Weeks of Foot Orthosis Intervention on Ambulatory Capacities and Posture in Normal-Weight and Obese Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Griffon ◽  
Bruno Vie ◽  
Jean Paul Weber ◽  
Yves Jammes
Keyword(s):  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Foot Orthosis ◽  
Study Inclusion

Background: Several works have shown the benefits of foot orthosis intervention on postural stability in healthy individuals and patients with foot malalignment. However, the effects of foot orthoses on the daily ambulatory activities explored by the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) were never examined. We hypothesized that foot orthoses could increase the gait distance and attenuate the post-6MWT posture alterations already reported in healthy individuals. Methods: In ten normal-weight (NW) and ten obese patients with foot malalignment and/or abnormal foot arch, we examined the benefits of 4 weeks of custom-molded orthosis intervention (D30) on 6MWT gait distance, fatigue sensation scores, ankle plantarflexion force, and post-6MWT sway of the center of pressure (COP) measured by a pedobarographic platform. Data were compared with those measured in two control-matched groups of ten NW and ten obese individuals, explored at study inclusion and at D30. Results: At study inclusion, the post-6MWT changes in COP surface and the medial and lateral COP deviations were significantly higher in obese participants who needed to wear the foot orthoses compared with obese control subjects. The foot orthosis intervention significantly improved the ambulatory performances of NW and obese individuals during the 6MWT, attenuated the bodily fatigue sensation after the 6MWT, and reduced the post-6MWT COP deviations, with the benefits of insoles being significantly accentuated in obese participants. Conclusions: Four weeks of foot orthosis intervention significantly increases gait distance and is an effective means to reduce postural sway after walking.

Radiographic Angles in Hallux Valgus: Differences Between Measurements Made Manually and With a Computerized Program

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Piqué-Vidal ◽  
Ignaci Maled-García ◽  
Juanjo Arabi-Moreno ◽  
Joan Vila
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Intermetatarsal Angle ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Valgus Angle ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
San Rafael ◽  
True Values

Background: The objective of this study was to compare angular measurements in the evaluation of hallux valgus deformities using a goniometer and a computerized program to assess degree of concordance between the two methods and determine the reliability of manual measurements. Methods: Angles measured included the hallux valgus angle (HVA), the intermetatarsal angle (IMA), the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), and the proximal phalangeal articular angle (PPAA), also called the hallux valgus interphalangeus angle or interphalangeal angle. Measurements were made on preoperative weightbearing radiographs in 176 patients with symptomatic hallux valgus. Manual measurements were made with a goniometer by an orthopaedic surgeon. An independent experienced technician used digitized images to perform angular measurements with the Autocad® software program (Autodesk Inc., San Rafael, CA). Results: HVA values obtained with the two techniques were similar. However, significantly higher mean values were obtained with the Autocad® for the IMA and PPAA measurements, and higher mean values were obtained for the DMAA measurement with the manual technique. Whereas differences were more or less randomly distributed for the HVA, in the remaining patients, measurements were clearly related to the measurement technique, i.e., for the DMAA, the manual technique had a tendency to show higher values, and for the IMA and PPAA the manual technique showed lower values than the computer. Correlations between both techniques for the different angular measurements were as follows: HVA, −0.179 ( p = 0.018); DMMA, −0.294 ( p >0.001); PPAA, −0.876 ( p >0.001); and IMA, −0.661 ( p >0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) showed that the concordance between manual and Autocad® angular measurements was excellent for the HVA ( ICC = 0.89) and DMAA ( ICC = 0.80) and very poor for the PPAA ( ICC = 0.11) and IMA ( ICC = 0.42). Conclusions: Angular measurements made on weightbearing radiographs with the Autocad® in patients with hallux valgus deformities were more reliable than those made with a goniometer. Although for large angles, such as HVA and DMAA, results obtained with both measurement techniques were similar. Manual measurements, however, may underestimate the true values of the smaller IMA and PPAA angles.

scholarly journals Validation of Different Filters for Center of Pressure Measurements by a Cross-Section Study

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koltermann ◽  
Gerber ◽  
Beck ◽  
Beck
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Sampling Duration ◽  
Foot Position ◽  
Postural Performance

The measurement of the center of pressure (CoP) is one of the most frequently used quantitative methods for quantifying postural performance. Due to the complexity and the high biological variability of the postural control loop, a large number of different methods and parameters have been established to describe the CoP process. Furthermore, the methodological conditions such as the foot position, visual condition, sampling duration, and the data processing also have a relevant influence on the measurement results. In addition, there are various methods for recording the pressure curve, which differ in particular with regard to the filters used, the frequencies, and measurement times. The aim of the present study was the methodical comparison between different digital filters, measurement frequencies and times, and their effects on the CoP process based on a healthy reference group. The data acquisition was done with LabVIEW and the data storage was organized in a subject oriented data structure. Based on the presented results it could be seen that with a different dominant frequency in the spectrum of the group of test persons, certain filter types are required for the processing of CoP data. In the sampling range from 300 Hz to 1 kHz in the bipedal stand and 600 Hz to 1 kHz in the monopedal stand, the choice of measurement frequency had no influence on the filter result.

Can Foot Orthoses Prevent Hallux Valgus Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis? A Randomized Clinical Trial

1995 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Budiman-Mak ◽  
Kendon J. Conrad ◽  
Kathryn E. Roach ◽  
James W. Moore ◽  
Yongsuk Lertratanakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Valgus Deformity ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Hallux Valgus Deformity

Pes Planus: Radiographic Changes with Foot Orthoses and Shoes

Foot & Ankle ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Penneau ◽  
Lowell D. Lutter ◽  
Robert D. Winter
Keyword(s):  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Pes Planus ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Radiographic Changes

Radiographic evaluation of 10 children with bllateral pes planus was performed. Radiogrephe taken barefoot, with a Thomas heel, with an over-the-counter insert, with two specially molded plastic foot orthoses were used. No significant change was seen after the donning of these appliances in their comparison to barefoot evaluation. The conclusion is that there was not a significant change radiographically of these feet by the utilization of any of the appliances.

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