scholarly journals Have geographical influences and changing abundance led to sub-population structure in the Ahiak caribou herd, Nunavut, Canada?

Rangifer ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Gunn ◽  
Kim G. Poole ◽  
Jack Wierzchowski ◽  
John S. Nishi ◽  
Jan Adamczewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
North Central ◽  
Population Scale ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Individual

We examined the premise that changing abundance and environmental conditions influence the seasonal dispersion and distribution of migratory tundra caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus). The Ahiak herd’s (north-central Nunavut Territory, Canada) calving shifted from dispersed on islands to gregarious calving on the mainland coast. As abundance further increased, the calving ground elongated east and west such that we proposed a longitudinal climate gradient. As well, the calving ground’s east and west ends are different distances from the tree-line, which dips south closer to Hudson Bay. We proposed that whether caribou winter on the tundra or within boreal forest and the different climate across the long calving ground could contribute to differential survival and productivity such that sub-population structure would result. At the scale of the individual cows (identified through satellite-collars), we did not find inter-annual spatial fidelity to either the western or eastern parts of the calving ground. At the population scale (aerial surveys of calving distribution), we also did not find discontinuities in calving distribution. The spatial association of individual cows during calving compared with their association during the rut was inconsistent among years, but overall, cows that calve together, rut together. At this time and with the available evidence, we could not infer sub-population structure from shifts in dispersion and distribution as influenced by geography and changes in abundance for the Ahiak herd.

scholarly journals Feeding site selection by woodland caribou in north-central British Columbia

Rangifer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris J. Johnson ◽  
Katherine L. Parker ◽  
Douglas C. Heard
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
North Central ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Cladina Rangiferina ◽  
The Individual

We examined the foraging habits of the northern woodland caribou ecotype {Rangifer tarandus caribou) at the scale of the individual feeding site. Field data were collected in north-central British Columbia over two winters (Dec 1996-Apr 1998). We trailed caribou and measured vegetation characteristics (species composition and percent cover), snow conditions (depth, density, and hardness), and canopy closure at terrestrial and arboreal feeding sites, and at random sites where feeding had not occurred. Logistic regression was used to determine the attributes of feeding sites that were important to predicting fine scale habitat selection in forested and alpine areas. In the forest, caribou selected feeding sites that had a greater percent cover of Cladina mitis and Cladonia spp, lower snow depths, and a lower percentage of debris and moss. Biomass of Bryoria spp. at the 1-2 m stratum above the snow significantly contributed to predicting what trees caribou chose as arboreal feeding sites. In the alpine, caribou selected feeding sites with a greater percent cover of Cladina mitis, Cladina rangiferina, Cetraria cucullata, Cetraria nivalis, Thamnolia spp., and Stereocaulon alpinum as well as lower snow depths.

Post-unification (East) German Documentary and the Contradictions of Identity

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barton Byg
Keyword(s):  
West Germany ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
Post Cold War ◽  
East And West Germany ◽  
East German ◽  
Innovative Enterprise ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Individual

This chapter focuses on the three major themes that have helped make the integration between East and West German documentary filmmakers successful and have contributed new strengths to German independent documentary as a productive and innovative enterprise. It first illustrates the phenomenon of collaboration between filmmakers from both East and West Germany, which preceded the fall of the Berlin Wall and provides the basis for unique accomplishments in documentary. Then, partly based on these East–West collaborations, it discuss examples of German documentary's frequent explorations of non-European topics, which challenge the clear separation of European and non-European in both politics and film art. Here, the film collaborations between Helga Reidemeister and Lars Barthel will serve as a case study. Finally, also as a result of decades of experimentation with the nature of the film medium's presentation of ‘reality’, ‘history’, and the individual human subject, Thomas Heise's German ‘portrait film’ Barluschke (1997) is explored as an example of this defining quality of independent German documentary filmmaking in the context of the post-Cold War.

scholarly journals Insight into the Current Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Domestic Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Russia

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1309
Author(s):  
Veronika Kharzinova ◽  
Arsen Dotsev ◽  
Anastasiya Solovieva ◽  
Olga Sergeeva ◽  
Georgiy Bryzgalov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Allelic Richness ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Habitat Location ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Insight Into

To examine the genetic diversity and population structure of domestic reindeer, using the BovineHD BeadChip, we genotyped reindeer individuals belonging to the Nenets breed of the five main breeding regions, the Even breed of the Republic of Sakha, the Evenk breed of the Krasnoyarsk and Yakutia regions, and the Chukotka breed of the Chukotka region and its within-breed ecotype, namely, the Chukotka–Khargin, which is bred in Yakutia. The Chukotka reindeer was shown to have the lowest genetic diversity in terms of the allelic richness and heterozygosity indicators. The principal component analysis (PCA) results are consistent with the neighbor-net tree topology, dividing the reindeer into groups according to their habitat location and origin of the breed. Admixture analysis indicated a genetic structuring of two groups of Chukotka origin, the Even breed and most of the geographical groups of the Nenets breed, with the exception of the Murmansk reindeer, the gene pool of which was comprised of the Nenets and apparently the native Sami reindeer. The presence of a genetic component of the Nenets breed in some reindeer inhabiting the Krasnoyarsk region was detected. Our results provide a deeper insight into the current intra-breeding reindeer genetic diversity, which is an important requirement for future reindeer herding strategies and for animal adaptation to environmental changes.

Geographic variation in caribou on the Canadian arctic islands

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 2442-2454 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Thomas ◽  
P. Everson
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Morphological Similarity ◽  
North Central ◽  
Barren Ground ◽  
Northern Regions

Analyses of body, leg bone, skull, and pelage data indicated a cline in the characters of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) from central Boothia Peninsula to the western Queen Elizabeth Islands. The main difference between the skulls of barren-ground caribou (R. t. groenlandicus) on central Boothia Peninsula and the more northerly Peary caribou (R. t. pearyi) was a shorter muzzle in the latter. Pelage tone was markedly lighter in Peary caribou and they were smaller in most body measurements, most notably in the length of long bones. Two major populations of Peary caribou were identified: one on the western Queen Elizabeth Islands (Parry Islands), the other on Somerset and Prince of Wales islands. Differences in skull size and form suggest that each population was composed of two or more subpopulations. The larger and darker R. t. groenlandicus occurred on north-central Boothia Peninsula and the two subspecies and apparent intergrades were present in winter on northern regions of the peninsula. The morphological similarity of Peary caribou on Somerset and Prince of Wales islands is explained by interisland movements resulting in genetic mixing. The same is true for caribou on the western Queen Elizabeth Islands and that population apparently has little genetic interchange with the other.

Effects of weather and parasitic insects on behavior and group dynamics of caribou of the Delta Herd, Alaska

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1659-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Mörschel ◽  
David R. Klein
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Alaska Range ◽  
North Central ◽  
Insect Abundance ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
The North

The influence of weather and parasitic insects on the behavior and group dynamics of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of the Delta Herd in the north-central Alaska Range was investigated. Data on weather, insect abundance, and caribou behavior were collected during summer in 1994 and 1995. High ambient temperature had the greatest influence on activity budgets and rates of change in activity of caribou. In the insect season, rates of activity changes and standing increased and feeding decreased with high temperature. Rates of activity changes and moving increased and feeding decreased with high temperature, even in the absence of insects. Caribou decreased feeding and increased standing in the presence of oestrid flies, and increased the rate of activity changes in the presence of mosquitoes and oestrid flies. Weather, especially high temperature, and parasitic insects, particularly oestrid flies, affected caribou mainly by decreasing foraging opportunities and increasing energy-expending activities.

Promoting exchange between East and West management cultures: The role of dialogue

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muayyad Jabri
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Narrative Identity ◽  
Instrumental Rationality ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mistaken Assumption ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cross National

AbstractThis paper calls on cultural studies as a resource for rethinking East and West management cultures. An analysis of East and West management cultures reveals that much of our prevailing knowledge of East and West management cultures is derived from cross-national comparisons of culture. These comparisons are predicated on assumptions of instrumental rationality and the cultural homogeneity of the self with social others, which effectively presume an ontology of the self as stable, enduring, and the same as social others. For promoting exchange between East and West management cultures, there is a need to move beyond this mistaken assumption of ontological ‘sameness’. To achieve this, the paper argues that at least two changes are required: (i) reversing the tendency to treat culture as an entity that is separate from the individual; and (ii) reversing the tendency to treat the narrative identity of the individual as stable and enduring. With a view to realising these changes, the paper proposes the notion of ‘dialogical encounter’ as a means of enabling individuals to be given a role in determining how their culture is ‘made known’ to others.

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