scholarly journals Abundance of grey seals in Icelandic waters, based on trends of pup-counts from aerial surveys

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlingur Hauksson
Keyword(s):  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
The West ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
The North ◽  
Aerial Surveys ◽  
Breeding Distribution ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Icelandic Waters

Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus Fabricius, 1791) are distributed all around the Icelandic coast. The majority of the population breeds on the west- and northwest shores, with a second high density in the breeding distribution on the southeast coast of Iceland. During the last 5 decades the Icelandic grey seals have dispersed from the west- to the northwest-, the north- and the northeast-coast. The breeding period occurs from the middle of September to early November, with a maximum in mid October. The time of peak pupping shows some variation, beginning earlier along the west coast and later in the north and southeast. Seven aerial surveys to estimate pup production in Iceland were flown during October to November during the period from 1980 to 2004. Pup counts of the Icelandic grey seal, at all breeding sites combined, have been decreasing annually by about 3% (±1% s.e.), during the period 1982-2002. During the period 1990-2002, this downward trend doubled to about 6% annually. The abundance of the grey seal around Iceland in the year 2002 was estimated to be 4,100 to 5,900 animals. This is higher than estimates of around 2,000 animals during the 1960s, but much less than the estimated population of 8,000 to 11,500 in 1982.

scholarly journals Status of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in Norway

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Tormod Nilssen ◽  
Tore Haug
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Breeding Area ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Norwegian Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Minimum Estimate ◽  
Pup Mortality

During the period September-December in 2001-2003, ship based surveys of grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) pups, including tagging, counting and staging of pups, were conducted along the Norwegian coast. All known and other potential breeding areas were surveyed from Rogaland county in the south to Finnmark county in the north. Most of the breeding sites were surveyed only once, but some sites were surveyed 2-4 times. The investigations resulted in a total minimum estimate of 1,159 grey seal pups born in Norwegian waters. Nordland county was the most important breeding area where about 50% of the pups were born. Total population estimates were derived from the recorded number of pups born using a range of multipliers (4.0-4.7), based on observed annual growth rates of approximately 7-12% in other grey seal populations. This gave a total estimate of about 5,800-6,600 grey seals including pups in Norwegian waters. However, the total pup production was probably underestimated due to only one pup count in most of the breeding sites. Observed mean pup mortality was 1.1% during the breeding season along the Norwegian coast.

scholarly journals A Short Investigation into the Habits, Abundance, and Species of Seals on the North Cornwall Coast

1934 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Steven
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
The North ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Considerable Size

1. In the course of three trips to the herring grounds in the vicinity of St. Ives five seals were sighted. Seven others were also seen at various other times and places in the course of five days spent in that locality.2. During a single night at sea in Port Isaac Bay eight seals were sighted.3. It was obvious from the movements of certain of the seals observed on the fishing grounds that they were attracted to the herring nets.4. Direct evidence that the seals actually remove fish from the nets was not obtained.5. Damage done to drift nets by seals is negligible.6. Grey Seals (Halichœrus grypus) are present in considerable numbers, and are probably the commonest seals in Cornish waters.7. Brown Seals (Phoca vitulina) appear to be few—they may even be rare—around Cornwall.8. There is at least one seal colony of considerable size in certain caves near Boscastle. This appears to consist of Grey Seals. Probably other such colonies exist on the Cornish coast.9. Clupeoid remains have been found in two out of the three Grey Seal stomachs which have been examined.10. Further and more exact knowledge of the habits and relative abundance of Grey and Brown Seals around the Cornish coast is desirable.

scholarly journals British grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) abundance in 2008: an assessment based on aerial counts and satellite telemetry

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2201-2209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Lonergan ◽  
Callan D. Duck ◽  
Dave Thompson ◽  
Simon Moss ◽  
Bernie McConnell
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Satellite Telemetry ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Aerial Surveys ◽  
Seal Population ◽  
Pup Survival ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
Electronic Tags

Abstract Lonergan, M., Duck, C. D., Thompson, D., Moss, S., and McConnell, B. 2011. British grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) abundance in 2008: an assessment based on aerial counts and satellite telemetry. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2201–2209. Recent estimates of the total size of the British grey seal population have been based on fitting age-structured models to estimates of pup production. The estimates were sensitive to whether density-dependence was considered to act on fecundity or pup survival. This study provides an alternative estimate for abundance in 2008: 91 800 animals (95% confidence interval, CI, 78 400–109 900). The estimate is consistent with the results of existing models where population density influences pup survival. It suggests that reductions in fecundity are unlikely to have been the cause of the recent slowing of the rate of growth of the population. The estimate presented is based on aerial surveys of the entire Scottish coast and the east coast of England. The surveys were carried out in August of 2007–2009 and restricted to the 2 h each side of daylight low water. Data from 107 electronic tags deployed between 1995 and 2008 were used to estimate the proportion of animals hauled out during the surveys. Overall, the animals hauled out for 31% (95% CI 15–50%) of the survey windows. No significant effects on the proportion of animals hauled out were detected from year, location, age, sex, temperature, rainfall, or the timing of low tide.

scholarly journals Observations on seals on the island of Surtsey in the period 1980-2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 41-43
Author(s):  
Erlingur Hauksson
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Site ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Harbour Seal ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
The South ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Harbour Seals

Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus Fabricius) and harbour seals (Phoca vitulina L.) have been surveyed on the coasts of Iceland since 1980. During the period 1980-2012, both seal species have declined markedly in numbers at the Icelandic coast. The grey seal has established a considerable breeding site on the northern spit of the Surtsey island. This is at present one of the biggest grey seal rookeries on the southern shores of Iceland, with estimated about 60 pups born there in the autumn of 2012. On the other hand, the harbour seal has not been numerous on Surtsey during breeding time in the summer. Breeding sites of harbour seals on the south coast of Iceland closest to Surtsey are in the estuaries of the glacial rivers Ölfusá, Þjórsá, Markarfljót and Kúðafljót. Harbour seals, however, haul-out in great numbers on the northern shores of Surtsey during the winter, presumably using the island as a resting place after foraging in the adjacent waters.

Cannibalism by a Male Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus) in the North Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Bishop ◽  
Joseph Onoufriou ◽  
Simon Moss ◽  
Paddy P. Pomeroy ◽  
Sean D. Twiss
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea

scholarly journals The non-breeding distribution of Dupont's Lark Chersophilus duponti in Spain

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO SUÁREZ ◽  
JESÚS T. GARCÍA ◽  
FRANCISCO J. SAMPIETRO ◽  
VICENTE GARZA
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Breeding Distribution ◽  
Partial Migrant ◽  
Dupont’S Lark ◽  
Specific Conservation

In this paper, we analyse the non-breeding distribution of Dupont's Lark, one of Europe's most threatened and least known passerines, using breeding and wintering censuses, published and unpublished records of individuals outside their breeding areas, and data on radio-tagged individuals and field observations. Results suggest that most breeding Dupont's Larks remain around the breeding sites during the non-breeding season, including those populations from areas with harsh winter weather conditions. The probability of winter presence of Dupont's Larks in breeding areas was significantly correlated with population size, but the altitude of the locality studied did not influence winter presence. Records outside breeding areas indicate that part of the population moves some distance after breeding, occupying lower sites and principally those with agrarian substrates. We also found several records far from well-known breeding areas during the breeding period. Our results suggest that Dupont's Lark seems to be a partial migrant, wintering in breeding areas in large numbers (probably the adult fraction of the population) but with some part of the populations moving to other areas. The movements are short-distance in most cases, although medium- and long-distance dispersive movements were also detected. We discuss the implications of these results for the design of specific conservation measures for the species.

scholarly journals The Grey Seals of the Farne Islands

Oryx ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Hickling ◽  
E. A. R. Ennion
Keyword(s):  
Total Population ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
British Isles ◽  
The North

The Atlantic Grey Seal, Halichoerus grypus, is one of the world's rarer mammals. In 1954 R. M. Lockley estimated its total population as 33,500 and there is no reason to suppose there has since been an increase. About 20,000 of these seals live in colonies around the coasts of the British Isles, all on the north and west, except for one colony which inhabits the Fame Islands, a National Trust nature reserve off the Northumberland coast.

Seals in Orkney

1985 ◽  
Vol 87 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernie McConnell
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Total Population Size ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Domestic Use

SynopsisGrey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and common seals (Phoca vitulina) both occur in Orcadian waters. In previous centuries they formed an important resource for both domestic use and export.Annual grey seal pup production has more than doubled since 1964. Productivity on individual islands is influenced by human activity. Total population size is estimated to have risen from around 10,000 in 1964 to around 20,000 in 1982 despite a management policy of culling originally intended to stop population growth. Grey seals tagged in Orkney have been recovered around most parts of the North Sea, Norway, the Faeroes and south to Ireland.Considerably less is known about the biology of common seals in Orkney. A boat survey in 1979 counted 2653 adults and 420 pups.

International Solidarity with FRELIMO in Mozambique during the Liberation Struggle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrado Tornimbeni
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Eastern Bloc ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
International Solidarity ◽  
Southern Rhodesia ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War

Nationalism in Mozambique was characterized by a plurality of leaders who competed for influence both within and outside the Frente de Libertação de Moçambique (FRELIMO). Each of them tried to gain political support at a continental and international level, and, eventually, the leadership that rose to power within FRELIMO by the end of the 1960s and early 1970s prevailed over other components of Mozambican nationalism both on the field of the liberation war and at the diplomatic level. This leadership was highly cosmopolitan and implemented a vibrant diplomacy within the mechanisms of the Cold War worldwide. FRELIMO was supported by newly independent African governments that were active in promoting the independence of African people in countries still under colonial rule (e.g., Tanzania, Algeria, Zambia), and then by governments from the Eastern bloc of the Cold War as well as by solidarity committees in the West (e.g., United States, Sweden and Nordic countries, United Kingdom, Italy). Within these contexts, FRELIMO secured a key political legitimacy as the genuine liberation movement of Mozambique, joined by other movements of the Portuguese colonies, South Africa, Namibia, and Southern Rhodesia—and opposed by a rival group of liberation movements from those countries. This status was also recognized among such important international organizations as Conferência das Organizações Nacionalistas das Colónias Portuguesas (CONCP), Afro-Asian People’s Solidarity Organisation (AAPSO), World Peace Council (WPC), Organisation of African Unity (OAU), and, eventually, the UN. Probably, the networks of solidarity with FRELIMO that developed in the West played a key role in the defeat of the Portuguese regime and in establishing the independence of Mozambique, since a number of Western European countries were formally allied with Portugal within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) alliance.

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