scholarly journals A continuum of measures of validity for research in the making fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wang
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Community Of Learners ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
European Tradition ◽  
The Continuum ◽  
Broad Continuum

With the growth of “making” doctorates in design-related fields comes the need to define how dissertations in these fields achieve doctoral robustness.  This paper first suggests that this new category of doctoral degree is justifiable from a historical point of view.  A brief survey of how the PhD emerged in the European tradition, and its trajectory through the centuries, reveals there have been previous changes in the areas of study deemed worthy of doctoral distinction.  On this view, we can justify awarding doctorates in the “making” fields, from art to architecture, on historical grounds.  The aspect that has remained constant through the years, however, is that the doctoral degree signifies inclusion in a community of learners and, in turn, doctoral learning has positively impacted human community in general.  Making doctorates should therefore not be so unique and exclusive that they separate themselves from the historic community-building role doctorates have played.  The second part of this paper suggests a way towards this inclusivity.  This paper proposes a “continuum of measures of research validity” to help researchers (and evaluators) in making doctorates anchor their research logic in measures that have roots in scientific method.  The continuum is purposefully broad, beginning with standard measures of scientific research, but stretching those measures all the way to fictive constructions.  Within this broad continuum, dissertations in the making fields can comfortably fall within the scope of doctoral research using expanded definitions for measures of validity. The paper concludes with four recommendations for candidates in the making fields, for the committees that guide them, and for the emerging community of making doctoral research as a whole.

Exploring Barriers to Doctoral Education in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Insights From Practicing Professionals

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1552-1563
Author(s):  
Denise A. Tucker ◽  
Mary V. Compton ◽  
Sarah J. Allen ◽  
Robert Mayo ◽  
Celia Hooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Doctoral Study ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy

Purpose The intended purpose of this research note is to share the findings of a needs assessment online survey of speech and hearing professionals practicing in North Carolina to explore their interest in pursuing a research-focused PhD in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) and to document their perceptions of barriers to pursing a PhD in CSD. In view of the well-documented shortage of doctor of philosophy (PhD) faculty to attract, retain, and mentor doctoral students to advance research and to prepare future speech and hearing professionals, CSD faculty must assess the needs, perceptions, and barriers prospective students encounter when considering pursuing a doctoral research degree in CSD. Method The article describes the results of a survey of 242 speech and hearing professionals to investigate their interest in obtaining an academic research-focused PhD in CSD and to solicit their perceived barriers to pursuing a research doctoral degree in CSD. Results Two thirds of the respondents (63.6%) reported that they had considered pursuing a PhD in CSD. Desire for knowledge, desire to teach, and work advancement were the top reasons given for pursuing a PhD in CSD. Eighty-two percent of respondents had no interest in traditional full-time study. Forty-two percent of respondents indicated that they would be interested in part-time and distance doctoral study. The barriers of time, distance, and money emerged as those most frequently identified barriers by respondents. Conclusion The implications inform higher education faculty on how they can best address the needs of an untapped pool of prospective doctoral students in CSD.

THE PRINCIPLES AND ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Bubynin ◽  
Mikhail Bubynin ◽  
Valery Abramov ◽  
Valery Abramov ◽  
Gennady Zabolotnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper considers the priorities of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic, from the point of view of the development of scientific research, identified by the main strategic documents of national policy and security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Measures for implementation of priorities in the development of scientific research in the Arctic can be divided into three main sections: 1. Scientific projects and expeditions in the Arctic; 2. International activities; 3. Coordination and implementation of integrated research in the Arctic. Note that currently the Ministry of education and science of the Russian Federation develops the Analytical Coordination Program “Comprehensive research of the Arctic and Antarctic”, in cooperation with the federal state bodies and Governance of the Subjects of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The mechanism of the Program will ensure coordination between state bodies for integrated scientific researches in the Arctic in the interests of economic and scientific development of the region, and the creation of the scientific, technical and technological reserve in order to ensure of national security in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals The visit of Comenius to London in 1641-1642 and its bearing on the origins of the Royal Society

1940 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-160 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Great Society ◽  
Invisible College ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Universal Language ◽  
John Wilkins ◽  
The Invisible

Miss Dorothy Stimson, Dean of Groucher College, U.S.A., in an article in Isis for 1 September 1935, tried to traverse the view stated in the Introduction to my Comenius in England (Oxford University Press (1932)), pp. 6-7, that the visit of Comenius (Komensky) to London in 1641-1642 marked an important stage in the development in England of the idea of a great society for scientific research which resulted in the organization of the informal ‘Invisible College’ by Theodore Haak and others in 1645, and prepared the way for the foundation of the Royal Society in 1662. She was however unable to explain away the fact that Theodore Haak, who was one of the most active supporters of Komensky’s plan for a Scientific College in 1641, was in 1645 the virtual founder of the informal ‘Invisible College,’ the precursor of the Royal Society. Miss Stimson stresses the contrast between the universal speculative plan of Comenius as outlined in his Via Lucis (1642), and the empirical and specialized activities of the Invisible College. Miss Stimson however has completely overlooked the fact that John Wilkins (1614-1672), Warden of Wadham College, Oxford, whom she rightly regards as one of the most active members of the Invisible College, held views very similar to those of Comenius on scientific method and on the desirability of a universal language.

scholarly journals Matrix integrals & finite holography

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dionysios Anninos ◽  
Beatrix Mühlmann
Keyword(s):  
Critical Exponents ◽  
Continuum Theory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Minimal Models ◽  
Point Evaluation ◽  
Brst Cohomology ◽  
Matrix Integrals ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Continuum

Abstract We explore the conjectured duality between a class of large N matrix integrals, known as multicritical matrix integrals (MMI), and the series (2m − 1, 2) of non-unitary minimal models on a fluctuating background. We match the critical exponents of the leading order planar expansion of MMI, to those of the continuum theory on an S2 topology. From the MMI perspective this is done both through a multi-vertex diagrammatic expansion, thereby revealing novel combinatorial expressions, as well as through a systematic saddle point evaluation of the matrix integral as a function of its parameters. From the continuum point of view the corresponding critical exponents are obtained upon computing the partition function in the presence of a given conformal primary. Further to this, we elaborate on a Hilbert space of the continuum theory, and the putative finiteness thereof, on both an S2 and a T2 topology using BRST cohomology considerations. Matrix integrals support this finiteness.

scholarly journals The Idea of Landing Sites and Its Inheritance through Tactileology

Philosophies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Fuminori Akiba
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Tactile Sense ◽  
Landing Sites ◽  
Physical Sensation

From the perspective of sustainability, empowering people to live positively without being dominated by death is an important issue. One thing we can do in this vein is to expand one’s own physical sensation, which is the basis for us to live. From this point of view, Shusaku Arakawa and Madeline Gins’ idea of “landing sites” is very important. Landing sites are physical experiences that result from person–environment collaboration. In order to make as many people as possible aware of their physical sensations through landing sites, Arakawa and Gins created artificial environments such as “Site of Reversible Destiny Yoro” where people could gain new physical sensations. They wanted people to build new ethics and move toward social reformation based on their new physical sensations. However, at present, these artificial environments have some problems. It is the time to seriously consider how we can pass on the experience of landing sites to future generations. The aim of this paper is to provide an answer to the question by Yasuhiro Suzuki’s scientific research on tactile sense, called tactileology. I first introduce Arakawa and Gin’s text about the idea of “landing sites” and make clear its importance. Next, I point out that, now, “landing sites” present certain difficulties. I then confirm that tactileology inherits the idea of “landing sites”.

GOAL SETTING AND ITS ACHIEVEMENT AS A CRITERION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-123
Author(s):  
L.V. Shchennikova
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction: the article deals with the methodological problem of the meaning of the goal of civil law research. The author analyzes the dissertation abstracts from the point of view of goal setting, which were completed in different periods of the development of Russian civil law science, identifies the qualitative characteristics of the stages, and proves the connection of the achieved results with the researcher’s knowledge of the methodological methods of goal setting. Purpose: to show the value of goal setting in scientific research in general and in civil research in particular; to consider the relationship of goal setting with the achievement of specific scientific results on the examples of dissertations defended in the specialty 12.00.03; to justify the need to set as goals the fundamental problems associated with the identification of patterns of development of relations that are part of the subject of civil law regulation and the creation of effective mechanisms that mediate them. Methods: system-structural, system-functional, generalization, abstraction, analogy, logical, statistical, classification, legal modeling, comparative legal, forecasting, formal legal, historical. Results: civil methodology should take into account the importance of the goal in the organization of scientific work. Only a competent possession of goal setting skills can ultimately ensure the creation of scientifically-based mechanisms for effective impact of civil law norms on regulated social relations. Conclusions: 1) any science, including the science of civil law, is not only designed to study and describe existing problems, including legislative, doctrinal, and law enforcement. Research, in order to meet the criterion of scientific character, must attempt to identify the laws of development, both regulated relations and mechanisms that mediate them; 2) the significance of the goal in the development of science has been proven by outstanding philosophers. In addition, the very definition of science indicates that goal setting is one of its essential characteristics; 3) the analysis of the author’s abstracts of leading Russian tsivilists showed how the skilful setting of research goals helped to achieve them consistently, as well as to create a high-quality categorical apparatus of civil law science; 4) the analysis of modern dissertations showed that not all young researchers see the value of goal-setting and this methodological disadvantage is important for the author to eliminate.

scholarly journals The First and Second Hands Data in Doctoral Research Work

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Hasan Jashari
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Mixed Approach

It is a matter of debate about what a scientific research is. But within this issue we often discuss about the data source. These issues have raised some dilemmas of ethical character on how datas shall be collected, who collects them, and who may use and the way they are used. No doubt those doctorates represent a research but the purpose of this paper is to stimulate debate on some essential criteria which it should have. The first question we put forth is that how much of the data presented by the candidate are of first hand- collected by the candidate himself, his team and how much data are used from other sources or are given from second hand (Mattews, Ross, 2012). From the direct analysis of the doctorate works in SEE University, it turns out that there is a mixed approach of using the data and their presentation. We can freely say that first-hand data are more in number but there is also a great numbers of dissertations without first-hand data, so without source data, collected directly by the author on the determined subject of his paper . So the permanent question that should afflict us is that whether a dissertation should always respect innovation and basic principles of Salzburg Principles? By reviewing of the literature, documents analyzing, statistical analyzing we will be able to give a clear picture of how the of primary and secondary sources in the dissertation work should be used.

scholarly journals Problems Of Improving The Effectiveness Of Applied Sociological Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Farogat Bakhtiyorovna Fayzieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Applied Sociology ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Social Effectiveness ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
The Social

The article analyzes the problems of improving the effectiveness of applied sociological research. The scientific method that helps to ensure objectivity and consistency in the study of a social problem is considered. The directions, forms and prospects for the development and improvement of the effectiveness of applied sociology from a practical point of view are given.Intelligence research is the simplest type of applied sociological analysis. It solves problems that are very limited in their content, covers, as a rule, small study populations, and is based on a simplified program and concise methodological tools, which in applied sociology is understood as a package of documents specially developed for each study designed to collect primary sociological information, such as: an interview form, a mass or expert questionnaire, a card for recording the results of observation, studying documents; further: sampling projects, mathematical analysis of primary information, etc.A methodology for evaluating the social effectiveness of applied sociological research applied to any written results of scientific activity is proposed.

scholarly journals Development of accounting functionality in business management

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-125
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Prodanchuk
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Business Management ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Information Requests

Purpose. Problems of the existing theory, methodology and organization of accounting need to be solved taking into account practical requirements of modern management. In turn, this provides an opportunity to expand the functionality of accounting to make informed decisions, focused on achieving the efficiency of business operations and maximize the value of business, which contributes to the increased importance of accounting in management. This testifies to the relevance of the chosen topic , which determined the directions of the research, which requires in-depth scientific research, its scientific-methodological and practical importance. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to systematize existing approaches and to improve the classification of accounting functions in accordance with the requirements of the management system. Methods. In the process of researching the growth of accounting functionality in the management of agrarian business used general scientific methods of knowledge of reality, including: structural-logical and semantic analysis - to clarify and streamline the terminology in the conceptual apparatus; induction and deduction - for parameterization of accounting functionality in management; grouping and classification - to develop methodological principles and systematize the classification features of accounting functions. The research is based on general and specific methods of studying the economic processes, facts and phenomena of management requests for increasing the functionality of accounting for agricultural business management. The scientific base of the research was scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists on accounting functions in the management system, materials of international scientific-practical conferences and seminars, results of personal experience and observations. Results. Accounting as an information system, which is designed to make operational and strategic management decisions, needs to expand its functionality and increase its tasks. These categories have become one of the main ones in accounting, but also in management, as indispensable tools of managerial relations in business. Today, accounting is facing a scientific problem that needs theoretical and methodological justifications and practical solutions. It is necessary to expand the functionality of accounting in agrarian enterprises in order to meet management requests focused on achieving the strategic goal of the enterprise and maximize the value of business. The analysis of the evolution of information requests of the branch management and the priority of accounting functions in the development of agrarian business makes it possible to conclude that the priority task characterizes the process of information support for customers and consumers. According to the results of studying the classifications of functions, we have concluded that most often the scientists indicate the information function, the second most important is the control, and then the analytical and evaluation. Considering different approaches of scientists to classification of accounting functions and summarizing the results of the research, we concluded that the existing set of accounting functions does not allow to fully fulfill the tasks set before it. Therefore, in the current conditions of development of the global economy, the solution of this problem requires both theoretical and methodological justifications. That is why an important component of increasing the importance of accounting in the management of agrarian business is the expansion of its functionality, in particular by isolating new objectively formed functions. Given the priority of accounting functions in the development of agrarian business, they should be classified according to the information requests of the management system, as a result of which we propose to introduce a cost-oriented function and the function of saving capital and economic security of business. The capital saving function is a tool through which the formation of equity, regulation of property relations and business management, which provides a legal platform for completeness of payments with owners and guarantees the economic security of the enterprise. This function will facilitate the management of capital formation and its use. The value-oriented function is based on creating the market value of the business or providing the assets with the characteristics of the most valuable investments. It reflects the change in the value of the property of the enterprise from the point of view of transformation of its value in the external environment and allows to better understand the alternative advantages of investment sources. The proposed functions are aimed at identifying the degree of participation of owners in the management of the business entity, completeness of payments with them and determining the market value of agricultural businesses, increasing the investment attractiveness of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. Discussion. Further scientific research in the direction of increasing the functionality of accounting in the management of agricultural business, it is advisable to carry out on the basis of domestic and foreign experience where the basis is the assertion that is built on the basis that accounting becomes the main function of management, which will facilitate the implementation of all functions of the management system. This will allow you to determine the place of accounting functions in achieving the goal of the management system, which will help in the formation of feedbacks between management and accounting. In-depth study of accounting functions will create the basis for improving the theoretical and methodological level of its development and will enhance functionality in the management system of agricultural business. Functional approach will allow to study the object of accounting not from the point of view of internal structure, set of interrelations of elements of its system, but on the other hand - interrelations with the external environment.

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