Reconfiguring Intergenerational Reciprocity

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-78
Author(s):  
Ken Chih-Yan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Elder Care ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Social Worlds ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Cultural Ideals ◽  
Intergenerational Reciprocity

This chapter traces the trajectories through which aging migrant populations navigate temporalities of migration as they reconstruct intergenerational intimacy. It argues that aging immigrants transform cultural ideals of aging and family in response to changes in their social worlds across life stages. It also offers the concept of reconfigured reciprocity to analyze the processes through which aging immigrants fashion cultural logics of intergenerational relations to sustain connections with their children and their children's families. The chapter focuses on older immigrants that embraced ethnic traditions regarding elder care and transformed reciprocal relationships with their immediate kin. It highlights the aging immigrants' assessment of family relations that is undoubtedly biased or selective and their understanding of receiving and transnational contexts that are stereotypical or oversimplified.

scholarly journals Aging in Context: The Importance of Comparative Studies for Understanding the Lives of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 561-561
Author(s):  
Allen Glicksman ◽  
Lauren Ring ◽  
Norah Keating
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Older Migrants ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Aging Services ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Policies And Programs

Abstract Access and use patterns of both formal and informal services for older migrants are often examined in a dyadic framework where one group of older persons (or their caregivers) is studied in relation to their use of a program or service. A comparative approach, that might also examine the reasons that some persons may (or may not) use a service, may yield important findings that place the dyadic studies within a larger social and policy context. By using a comparative approach, we can also consider influences of the culture of origin for older adults and their caregivers, as well as the policies and programs offered in the destination country. The four papers on this panel explore these issues. The first paper will frame the discussion, and the remaining three will focus on informal care, formal care, and the point of contact between aging services professionals and older immigrants. The first paper (Torres) takes a broad look at social exclusion mechanisms that bar access to services due to racism in the host societies. The second presentation (Diederich, et. al.) examines how place of origin can influence caregiving behavior. The third paper, (Thiamwong) examines a single program that is used to serve multiple ethnic minority/immigrant groups. Finally, (Ring et. al.,) will examine trust or its absence in the attitudes of older migrants toward use of formal aging services in two migrant populations. The four papers also demonstrate how different research methods (qualitative, quantitative, scoping review) can be used to illuminate these issues. International Aging and Migration Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.

scholarly journals The Linkage Between Aging, Migration, and Resilience: Resilience in the Life of Older Turkish and Moroccan Immigrants

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1113-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia S Klokgieters ◽  
Theo G van Tilburg ◽  
Dorly J H Deeg ◽  
Martijn Huisman
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Life Story ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Life Story Interviews

Abstract Objectives Older immigrants are affected by an accumulation of adversities related to migration and aging. This study investigates resilience in older immigrants by examining the resources they use to deal with these adversities in the course of their lives. Methods Data from 23 life-story interviews with Turkish and Moroccan immigrants aged 60–69 years living in the Netherlands. Results The circumstances under which individuals foster resilience coincide with four postmigration life stages: settling into the host society, maintaining settlement, restructuring life postretirement, and increasing dependency. Resources that promote resilience include education in the country of origin, dealing with language barriers, having two incomes, making life meaningful, strong social and community networks, and the ability to sustain a transnational lifestyle traveling back and forth to the country of origin. More resilient individuals invest in actively improving their life conditions and are good at accepting conditions that cannot be changed. Discussion The study illustrates a link between conditions across life stages, migration, and resilience. Resilient immigrants are better able to accumulate financial and social and other resources across life stages, whereas less resilient immigrants lose access to resources in different life stages.

scholarly journals TRANSITION IN FAMILY RELATIONS IN IMMIGRANT FAMILIES: THE CASE OF CHINESE OLDER IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S30-S30
Author(s):  
Man Guo ◽  
Meredith stensland ◽  
Mengting Li ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Transitions ◽  
Intergenerational Relationship ◽  
Relationship Patterns ◽  
Transition Analysis ◽  
Relationship Type ◽  
Older Immigrants

Abstract Using panel data of 2,604 Chinese older immigrants in Chicago over a two-year period, this study examined continuity and changes in intergenerational relationship patterns and their mental health implications. Latent transition analysis revealed five types of family relations: traditional, modified traditional, coresiding-unobligated, independent, and detached. Over the two years, about 43% of the respondents shifted to a different relationship type, with the most common changes being shifting into modified traditional or independent relations, or from detached relations. Controlling for baseline socio-demographic, acculturation, mental health variables, and variables representing life transitions over time, having detached relations was related to greater depressive symptoms in two years and having modified traditional relations was associated with better quality of life at the follow up. The findings revealed heterogeneity and fluidity of intergenerational relations among older immigrant populations and point to the important role of family relations in their well-being.

Family Relations and Elder Care Among Arabs in the North of Israel

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 839-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Ayalon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Elder Care ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Care ◽  
The North ◽  
National Insurance ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Arab Sector ◽  
Home Care Workers

The study examined family relations and elder care, in light of the modernization processes that are taking place in the Arab sector. Interviews with 25 older adults, 27 family members, and 5 paid home care workers of an Arab origin were conducted. Qualitative analysis consisted of constant comparisons and contrasts of relevant themes. Most Arabs reported that intergenerational solidarity is very strong in the Arab sector. Whereas many older adults and a few of their family members tended to favor paid care, the majority of Arab family members and fewer older adults stated that family care is preferred. Finally, a third theme outlined the desired properties of care, which consists of a true mix between formal and informal care. The study points to two sources of tension between (a) older adults and their family members and (b) perspectives on care held by the National Insurance Institute and the Arab sector.

scholarly journals Transformation of family relations and its influence on the natural increase in Vojvodina

2006 ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Gordana Vuksanovic
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Indirect Influence ◽  
Parents And Children

Usually, the depopulation of Vojvodina is analyzed from the demographic point of view. Social factors, if they are mentioned at all, are reduced to the financial possibilities of families. Changes in the intergenerational relations and their influence on the natural growth of the population are fully neglected. The aim of the paper is to point out the transformation in the relations between parents and children, and its indirect influence on the population?s natural growth. The most important sources of data are two empirical researches carried out in the territory of Vojvodina.

scholarly journals Subjective Well-being, Status Identity, and Intergenerational Relations among the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 794-794
Author(s):  
Jieming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Old Age Support ◽  
Older Parents

Abstract This study investigates the influences of intergenerational relations on the subjective wellbeing and status identity of the elderly population in China. The project draws insights from the studies of social mobility and stratification, and that of family relations and old age support. Because of widespread exchange of economic resources across generations and strong sense of connectedness among parent and adult children families that continue to exist in Chinese society today, we hypothesize that older parents’ subjective sense of well-being and evaluation of their socioeconomic statuses are positively related with the socioeconomic conditions of their grown children, and the strength of the such relations with them. The study used the data from the 2013 China General Social Survey (CGSS), and the results provide fairly strong support to the hypotheses. The implications of the results on age-based stratification are discussed.

Grandparents, Adolescents, and Parents

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1042-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-chun Yi ◽  
En-ling Pan ◽  
Ying-hwa Chang ◽  
Chao-wen Chan
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Seventh Graders ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Early Family ◽  
Adolescent Father ◽  
Northern Taiwan

This article examines intergenerational relations from the perspective of Taiwanese youth. Specifically, the major focus is on how the relations between second and third generations may be affected by prior family experiences between first, second, and third generations. Possible effects of the three-generation living arrangement on intergenerational relations are also explored. Panel data of 2,500 seventh graders in 2000 in northern Taiwan show that half of teenagers were raised in coresidence living arrangement with grandparents. Results confirm that relations between grandparents and parents and between grandparents and grandchildren do affect parent-teenager relations. Notably, more so than coresidence, the early family experience of being cared for by paternal grandparents produces significant positive effects on adolescent-father relations and negative adolescent-father relations if cared for by maternal grandparents. It is suggested that the impact of earlier family process on subsequent family relations is worth further investigation.

scholarly journals Filial expectation among Chinese immigrants in the United States of America: a cohort comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2266-2286
Author(s):  
Man Guo ◽  
Elizabeth Byram ◽  
Xinqi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Older Immigrants ◽  
Chinese Adult

AbstractRelying on two unique data-sets on Chinese older immigrants (N = 3,157) and younger immigrants with ageing parents (N = 469) in Chicago, this study compared the level of filial expectation among the two groups and examined the predictors and mental health implications of having high filial expectation among each group. Results of t-tests, logistic regression and negative binominal analyses showed that, regardless of socio-demographic variables, acculturation, physical health and family relations, Chinese adult children had higher filial expectations on themselves than older immigrants’ filial expectation on the younger generation. Chinese older immigrants who had less education, lower levels of acculturation, poorer health and closer relationships with children reported higher filial expectation. In the cohort of younger immigrants, high filial expectation was associated with lower income, better health and closer relations with their parents. In addition, having high filial expectation was associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety among the older immigrants, but not among the younger cohort. The results indicated that, whereas Chinese older immigrants seemed to adapt their filial expectation in the new society, the younger cohort still strongly adhere to this traditional family norm. Maintaining strong filial expectation might be a protective factor for older immigrants’ mental health. Practice and policy implications of these findings are discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals In transition … Where to? Rethinking Life Stages and Intergenerational Relations of Italian Youth

Societies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Sebastiano Benasso ◽  
Sveva Magaraggia
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Intergenerational Relations ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Italian Context

This article wants to contribute to the ongoing debate within youth studies about the frameworks and concepts that inform research on the meanings of and transitions into adulthood. It aims to contribute to debates about the changing nature of life stages and the need for new conceptual categories and definitions of adulthood and of intergenerational relations. Thus, the first question that drives our reflections is: How do the radical transformations implied in the transition to adulthood pathway change the metaphors used to describe it, the ways of defining adulthood itself, and the scope for mutual recognition amongst different generations? Indeed, intergenerational relationships acquire more complexity in a framework in which a) structural factors like the precarisation of the labour market and the aging population heighten reciprocal interdependence and b) changes in the life-course patterns distance the different generations, especially in terms of biographical sense-making. These theoretical reflections arise from empirical work done in Northern Italy, with thirty-something people who are struggling with a prolonged and de-standardised transition process, negotiating “new adult roles”, particularly in the field of parenthood). This complex transition is significant and widespread in Italian context that, as part of the group of Southern welfare states, has low levels of welfare provision and high reliance on the family as a form of support.

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