Primitive Accumulation Today

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Samuel Cohn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global South ◽  
Primitive Accumulation ◽  
History Of

This chapter discusses how raiding was the foundation of Western economic growth. It is also an active component of economic development in the Global South today. Capitalism may operate through the voluntaristic choices of the free market, but it reinforces itself with coercion. The technical term for modern-day raiding is “primitive accumulation,” a word used by Karl Marx to describe the origin of capitalism. The chapter then considers how the United States is an example of capitalism based on forcible land acquisition. In the Global South, land is often just taken away by plain, ordinary coercion. Colombia has a particularly violent history of land seizure. The chapter looks at the scale and violence of contemporary expropriation in Colombia.

Response: The Use of Economic Anthropology in Economic Development

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-323
Author(s):  
Rhoda H. Halperin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Street Vending ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
History Of

The author comments on the use of anthropological methodologies in economic development research and practice in a developed economy such as the United States. The focus is the article by Morales, Balkin, and Persky on the closing of Chicago's Maxwell Street Market in August 1994. The article focuses on monetary losses for both buyers (consumers of market goods) and sellers (vendors of those goods) resulting from the closing of the market. Also included are a brief history of the market and a review of the literature on the informal economy. The authors measure “the value of street vending” by combining ethnographic and economic analytical methods.

scholarly journals MARKETS AND INDUSTRY — VENTURE CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: AN INDUSTRY OVERVIEW AND SINGAPORE'S EXPERIENCE

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCIS C. C. KOH ◽  
WINSTON T. H. KOH
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Venture Capital ◽  
Silicon Valley ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Success ◽  
Technology Leader ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Creation

This paper provides an overview of the venture capital industry and its development in Asia and Singapore. Venture capital plays an important role in innovation and economic growth. Indeed, the resurgence of the United States as a technology leader is intimately linked to the success of Silicon Valley. As Singapore enters the next phase of economic development, the creation of internal engines of growth is an urgent task. The Singapore government has done much to provide an environment for entrepreneurship to thrive. Its success at replicating the Silicon Valley culture will be important for Singapore's future economic success.

Mexico-US Relations from Independence to the Present

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Keller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The 19Th Century

Relations between the United States and Mexico have rarely been easy. Ever since the United States invaded its southern neighbor and seized half of its national territory in the 19th century, the two countries have struggled to establish a relationship based on mutual trust and respect. Over the two centuries since Mexico’s independence, the governments and citizens of both countries have played central roles in shaping each other’s political, economic, social, and cultural development. Although this process has involved—even required—a great deal of cooperation, relations between the United States and Mexico have more often been characterized by antagonism, exploitation, and unilateralism. This long history of tensions has contributed to the three greatest challenges that these countries face together today: economic development, immigration, and drug-related violence.

Race, Space, Time

Peyote Effect ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
African American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Short History ◽  
Spanish Inquisition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

We begin the book’s conclusion with the juxtaposition of two different stories of peyotism: the creation of an ecotourism business featuring Wixárika peyotism in Potrero de la Palmita, Nayarit, in 2010 and the short history of an African American peyotist church in Tulsa, Oklahoma, in the 1920s. The former is licit, enjoying support by a state committed to economic development, while the latter faced constant threats from the police before collapsing, in part due to its members’ fear of arrest. These two stories remind us of the central roles that place and time play in the history of peyotism across the U.S.-Mexican border, but they also force us to consider the ways that ideas about race have informed the battles over peyote in Mexico and the United States. Particularly striking is the fact that the racial prohibitions enacted by the Spanish Inquisition resonate with current law. Also notable is the fact that Mexicans and Americans have deployed similar ideas about race over time in their battles over peyote. This speaks to the underlying anxieties that indigeneity evokes in both societies, as well as the role that indigenous subjects have played in the creation of whiteness in both the United States and Mexico.

The Miracle of Airports

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-90
Author(s):  
Samuel Cohn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Commercial Agriculture ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Airport Capacity ◽  
Do So

This chapter assesses how airports increase economic growth and do so dramatically. The two main quantitative studies that have been done on the effects of airports on economic development were done in Brazil and in the United States. Both studies showed that there was dramatically higher growth in the states receiving airport expansions; the super-growth only occurred after the airport expansion was completed. Commercial agriculture and tourism seem to be particularly responsive to enlargements of airport capacity. However, it is possible to overdo airport construction. Spain went on an airport-building binge in the 2000s. Above and beyond the airports the country already had, forty-eight new airports were constructed, many of which were less than an hour from each other. Only eleven of the new airports were profitable and some saw no air traffic at all.

Modernization, dependency, and the global in Mexican critiques of anthropology

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
World System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Capitalist World

AbstractThis articles examines the links between Mexican anthropologists who – as part of a 1960s-era revolt, rejected prior anthropological approaches, which they labelled imperialist – and social science currents in the United States, Latin America, and Europe. They also took inspiration from anti-colonial movements. They spurned modernization theories that focused on the multiple economic, cultural, and psychological factors that might spur US-style capitalist economic growth and that sought to overcome the internal, national brakes on progress. Instead, they embraced dependency theories that linked the ‘internal’ (national) to the ‘external’ (global) and privileged revolutionary changes that implied a radically changed relation to the global capitalist world system. Yet dependency and modernization theories emerged within a shared intellectual space. Even as many intellectuals rejected US models of economic development, they accepted the primacy accorded to economics and technology and the notion that science was a global enterprise aimed at generating universal knowledge.

scholarly journals Expropriations of Private Property for Economic ‘Development’ in the United States: Re-Thinking the Titling and Rule of Law Solutions to Land Grabs in the Global South

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Thomson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Private Property ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global South ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
For Profit ◽  
The Us ◽  
Definition Of

Mainstream discourses tend to treat land dispossession as a ‘developing’ country problem that arises due to weak/corrupt legal systems and inadequate property institutions. This article unsettles such discourses by examining expropriations for economic ‘development’ in the United States —a country typically deemed to have strong property institutions and a strong rule of law. Drawing on various examples, I propose that expropriation in the us is neither rigorously conditional nor particularly exceptional. While most ‘takings’ laws are supposed to restrict the State’s power, this restriction hinges on the definition of public use, purpose, necessity, or interest. And in many countries, including the us, these concepts are now defined broadly and vaguely so as to include private for-profit projects. Ultimately, the contents, interpretation, and application of the law are subject to social and political struggles; this point is habitually overlooked in the rule of law ‘solutions’ to land grabbing—. For these reasons, titling/registration programs and policies aimed at strengthening the rule of law, even if successful, are likely to transform rather than ‘solve’ dispossession in the global South.

Americans in the Mediterranean in the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries: Concluding Remarks

Rough Waters ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
Elena Frangakis-Syrett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Entity ◽  
Global Economic Growth

This final chapter provides an overall conclusion to the findings of this volume. It reiterates that the combination of global economic growth and European military conflict opened up trade opportunities for neutral nations such as the United States and the Ottoman Empire. It uses the history of the British Levant Company to provide final insights into Mediterranean trade; the Tripolitanian War; the importance of the port of Livorno and American naval bases; and the necessity of American diplomats to facilitate and strengthen trade. It concludes by asserting that the political and economic circumstances surrounding Mediterranean trade permitted America to trade goods under their own flag and to re-enter Europe as an independent entity.

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